一种高深宽比微细槽的电火花加工工艺

为实现高深宽比微槽的加工,提出了一种自成形和扫描加工相结合的微细扁平电极制作及微细槽加工的工艺方法.采用棒状毛坯电极在一平板试件上扫描加工出一定长度的通槽,将毛坯电极沿垂直通槽方向向左和右偏移,两侧分别进行电火花反拷加工,得到扁平微细电极.再采用该扁平电极在线进行扫描加工即可得到期望的微细槽.实验获得了深径比大于18及尺寸一致性较高的阵列微细槽.与反拷或线电极磨削得到微细电极相比,自成形电极方法降低安装精度要求.而采用扁平电极进行微深槽的微细电火花加工,相对提高电极截面面积,降低电极损耗率,有利于提高加工效率.     

气体作冷却润滑剂的绿色切削试验

为实现绿色切削,研究了无污染、无危害的冷却润滑技术.采用氮气、氧气、二氧化碳气、氩气及过热水蒸气作冷却润滑剂,进行了单因素切削试验.试验结果表明,这些气体冷却润滑剂可以减小切削变形、切削力,降低切削温度,改善加工表面形貌.根据试验结果和冷却润滑作用机理分析可知,气体在切削中具有一定的冷却润滑作用,同时具有来源广泛、无毒害和污染、不用回收处理等绿色特点,故气体具备绿色切削的潜力.     

一种嵌入式U盘数据采集系统的设计

根据数据采集系统中有大量数据需要存储又要方便与计算机交互这一实际需要,提出在数据采集系统中嵌入USB—Host．实现用U盘或移动硬盘作为数据存储介质的设计方案。     

Water abundance of mine floor limestone by simulation experiment

The water abundance of mine floor limestone needs to be solved urgently as the average depth of coal mining in China has increased gradually. A method is presented to discuss water abundance with the numerical and physical layered geoelectrical model being established in the half-space, full-space and full-space with tunnel, respectively. The parameters of water abundance are changed in this study, which includes water quantity, water content and volume of abnormity of water-containing abnormity. Results indicate that the different work fields have different macroscopic influences on the apparent resistivity,and the water abundance parameters of water-containing abnormity have quantitative relationship with the apparent resistivity mean in abnormal regions(three-dimensional space region). The quantitative relationships are shown as following: firstly, the amount of water injection has negative linear correlation with the apparent resistivity mean; secondly, when abnormity is unsaturated, there is a negative power function relationship between water content and apparent resistivity mean; thirdly, the volume of abnormity and apparent resistivity mean behave as a decreasing power function law.     

基于PROFIBBUS—DP的双向拉伸塑料薄膜控制系统的设计

基于PROFIBBUS—DP的双向拉膜生产线控制系统主要完成：基于现场总线上位机、触摸屏、PLC控制系统的软硬件设计;在张力、温度、压力控制系统中采用了数字PID的控制方案,在MATLAB中进行了仿真验证;完成了系统硬件组态和网络组态,并进行了系统的调试和试运行,基本满足生产要求。     

稀土催渗对锁紧自攻螺钉渗碳影响的研究

高品质的锁紧自攻螺钉要求具有较高的耐磨性、强韧性和抗冲击性。通过试验滚动炉渗碳并用稀土材料作为催渗剂,研究不同稀土含量催渗剂在渗碳热处理时对锁紧自攻螺钉渗碳层的影响。试验结果表明,在渗碳工艺相同条件下,随着稀土添加量的增加,渗碳层的厚度与碳浓度逐渐增加,而碳浓度分布梯度则随渗碳层的加深而越来越平缓,同时通过试验表明,不同的稀土添加量下锁紧自攻螺钉渗碳层的显微硬度、碳浓度关系基本符合正态分布。     

Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 phase relations: Thermodynamics and phase equilibria in the systems Bi2O3 – TiO2, Na2O – TiO2, and Na2O – Bi2O3 – TiO2

The lead-free piezoelectric material sodium bismuth titanate (NBT, Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃) has attracted considerable attention owing to its promising dielectric, piezoelectric, and electrical properties. However, the literature on the binary subsystems is contradictory and there are only limited data for the ternary system. The present work surveys all of the reports of the binary subsystems Bi₂O₃ – TiO₂ and Na₂O – TiO₂ and synthesizes these data into inclusive revised versions. The compatibilities for the ternary system Na₂O – Bi₂O₃ – TiO₂ were determined experimentally, thus enabling the construction of a complete isothermal section at 800 °C. The compatibilities associated with the problematic binary subsystem Na₂O – Bi₂O₃, which experiences extreme volatilisation, were determined through the generation of the absent standard-state thermodynamic functions for the relevant binary and ternary phases, thus providing a full suite of thermodynamic data for this system. The thermodynamic stability diagrams for Na₂O, Bi₂O₃, and TiO₂ thus were calculated. The isothermal section also addresses the contradictions in the literature concerning the formation of solid solutions of Bi₁₂TiO_20-x / Bi_12-xTi_1+xO_20+0.5x, pyrochlore (Bi₂Ti₂O₇ / Na_wBi_2-xTi_2-yO_7-z), BTO (Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ / Na_xBi₄Ti₃O_12+0.5x), and NBT (Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃ / Bi_1±xNa_xTiO_3.5±x). Further, it was observed that the congruent melting point of NBT, which was determined to be 1225 °C, was preceded by the onset of gradual structural destabilization at 940 °C. Also, the NBT rhombohedral → tetragonal phase transformation was observed at an onset temperature of ∼250 °C. The present work thus provides platform data for the fabrication and reactivities of materials in the ternary system Na₂O – Bi₂O₃· TiO₂ and its binary subsystems.     

Li and Ta-modified KNN piezoceramic fibers for vibrational energy harvesters

Piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEH) hold enormous potential for converting mechanical energy from our surrounding environment into electrical energy that can be used for powering portable electronics. Potassium sodium niobate (KNN) is one of the promising alternatives to replace lead-based piezoelectric materials. This work presents a cutting-edge demonstration of synthesis-function-device integration of piezoelectric nanofibers, where the morphology and the composition are engineered towards achieving high device output. We report a flexible nanogenerator based on electrospun Li and Ta-modified lead-free KNN nanofibers yielding a high voltage output of 5.6 V, which is around 9-fold higher than for the Mn-doped KNN nanofibers reported previously. The influence of Li and Ta-incorporation into the KNN lattice on the electromechanical coupling and the effect of a nanofiber morphology are investigated. The net-shaped KNN and Li and Ta-modified KNN nanofibers, synthesized by electrospinning of appropriate sols, maintain their structural integrity upon calcination and firing steps. The phase analysis (XRD) confirms the formation of single-phase (KNN) material. Li and Ta are found to be incorporated on the A and B-sites of the perovskite lattice, respectively. Piezo force microscopy data show the heat-treated nanofibers to exhibit multi-domain ferroelectric properties.