The analysis for morphological evolution and crystallography of degenerate pearlite in 100Mn13 steel

During approximate 773 K aging treatment of 100Mn13 steel, degenerate pearlite will occur and evolve into lamellar pearlite during growth process. The microstructures of degenerate pearlite and its evolutionary lamellar pearlite are observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that after 748 K, 773 K and 798 K aging, degenerate pearlites occur at grain boundary. At growth front of degenerate pearlite forming at 773 K and 798 K, pearlite presents a morphology of short lamellae of carbide and ferrite, indicating a trend of developing into lamellar pearlite. The higher the temperature is, the more obvious the trend is, and even a conventional lamellar pearlite has developed. However, there is no morphological evolution for degenerate pearlite forming at 748 K aging. Besides, the constituents of degenerate pearlite is identified as M₂₃C₆ and ferrite, and Kurdjumov-Sachs orientation relationship exists between them, (01 )_α//( 1 )_M23C6, [111]_α//[110]_M23C6. This orientation relationship maintains in morphological evolution from degenerate pearlite to lamellar pearlite.     

Extrusion process and property of AZ31 magnesium alloy

The microstructure and mechanical properties of extruded AZ31 magnesium at different extrusion temperature were investigated.The results show that,at 380 ℃,when the extrusion ratio is 23,the AZ31 magnesium alloy has a dense recrystallized microstructure and good mechanical properties.On one hand,if the extrusion ratio is too small,grain crushing effect is not obvious,and part of the grain is not dynamic recrystallization.On the other hand,larger extrusion ratio can lead to grain growth and banded structure.Tensile fracture characteristics of extruded AZ31 magnesium alloy is quasi-cleavage.     

Influence of calcination rate on morphologies and magnetic properties of MnFe2O4 nanofibers

In the present study, we succesfully synthesized electrospun MnFe₂O₄ nanofibers (NFs) from poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)/manganese(II) nitrate composite by electrospinning and then as-spun NFs were calcined 450 °C for 2 h in air atmosphere to remove the polymer matrix and fabricate inorganic MnFe₂O₄ nanofibers. In order to investigate the sintering behavior of MnFe₂O₄ nanofibers in air atmosphere, the synthesized as-spun nanofibers were calcined with different calcination rates. Thus the effect of calcination rate on structure and morphology of nanofibers were discussed clearly. The structural, magnetic, morphological, spectroscopic and thermal characterizations were also done by XRD, VSM, TEM, SEM, FTIR and TG analysis. In the presence of slow calcination rate, only peaks of MnFe₂O₄ could be observed on other hand in the presence of rapid calcination rate, formation of an impurity was observed. Scanning electron microscope images revealed that MnFe₂O₄ nanorods possess a broader range size distribution with higher particle size. Also, magnetic properties were both size and shape dependent.     

快速铁路连续梁桥线形监控分析

以某快速铁路某桥为研究对象,结合具体工程概况,介绍了该桥的线形监控的方法以及线形监控中采取的措施,并阐述了自适应控制方法能较好地应用于此类桥梁的线形控制。     

流变铸造AZ91-Sn合金的组织演化、拉伸行为及磨损性能

研究了不同Sn含量流变铸造AZ91合金的组织演化、拉伸行为及磨损性能。结果表明：Sn的合金化改变了Al在镁基体中的固溶度,并且显著细化了微观组织。加入0.8%（质量分数,下同）的Sn后,合金平均晶粒尺寸从105.0 μm降至42.1 μm。高熔点的金属间化合物为析出相提供了异质形核点,这些弥散析出的第二相在流变凝固过程中有效地细化了镁基体。弥散分布的第二相抑制了枝晶组织生长,从而进一步提升了合金的力学性能。随着Sn含量的增加,合金磨损率显著降低,磨粒磨损逐渐消失。3.0%Sn合金化的流变铸造AZ91合金具有最高的抗拉伸强度以及最好的耐磨损性能。     

单自由度体系地震残余变形分析及计算

地震残余变形是结构可修复能力的重要指标,准确分析结构的残余变形对于震后结构性能的评估与控制具有重要意义。基于对不同单自由度(SDOF)体系的弹塑性地震响应的统计分析,研究了不同参数对地震残余变形的影响,其中滞回特性、屈服后刚度、地面峰值加速度(PGA)以及最大弹塑性变形对残余变形的影响较大;同时结合理论分析提出了分别适用于弹塑性Kinematic滞回模型和Takeda滞回模型的残余变形简化计算方法。该方法是以先获得结构的最大弹塑性变形为基础的,能与传统的确定结构最大变形性能的抗震分析方法(Pushover方法)较好地结合。最后,以一钢筋混凝土单柱桥墩为例,详细阐述了所提出的方法进行单自由度体系结构的地震残余变形计算及震后结构性能评估的过程,分析表明基于Takeda模型的结构残余变形的计算结果偏于安全。     

动车组牵引供电系统故障模式影响与危害分析

对某动车组(electric multiple unit,简称EMU)牵引供电系统故障模式影响与危害度进行研究,提高牵引供电系统的可靠性,进而提高高速列车运行可靠性。采用故障模式、影响及危害度分析(failure mode effect criticality analysis,简称FMECA)的方法,提出了牵引供电系统的可靠性框图,根据FMECA方法对牵引供电系统的16种主要故障展开研究,从故障发生概率及其影响的严重程度两个维度得到牵引供电系统危害性矩阵。通过危害性矩阵分析得出绝缘栅双极型晶体管(insulated gate bipolar transistor,简称IGBT)模块监控起作用故障、变压器油泵34-F55跳开故障、制冷风扇故障和变压器油流故障等4种危害度较高的故障,并提出相应的改进措施。列车现场运行反馈结果表明,该措施保证了牵引供电系统的运用可靠性,研究成果为动车组其他子系统的故障分析、维修决策和寿命管理提供了技术支持。     

Reliable high strength alumina fabricated by DCC-HVCI using submicron calcium citrate complex

Ceramics with high strength and reliability are highly demanded in engineering applications. In this paper, a modified direct coagulation casting via high valence counter ions (DCC-HVCI) method for alumina using calcium citrate complex assisted by glycerol diacetate was investigated. Calcium citrate complex suspensions were prepared by mixing tri-ammonium citrate and calcium chloride in water. Effect of reaction time on the chelating properties of the prepared suspensions was investigated. Concentrated alumina suspensions with a solid loading of 50 vol% were prepared by mixing the calcium citrate complex suspensions and alumina powder at pH of 10.5. Then the suspensions were coagulated by adding 3–6 vol% glycerol diacetate at temperatures of 40–70 °C for 2–6 h. The compressive strength of the coagulated wet samples is in the range 1.1–2.4 MPa. Alumina ceramics sintered at 1550 °C shows homogeneous microstructures with flexural strength and Weibull modulus of 455±17 MPa and 30, respectively.     

Effect of boric acid on the porosity of clay and diatomite monoliths

Porous silica ceramics were obtained at low forming pressure (40–80 MPa) and low sintering temperature (850–1300 °C) for 4 h in air. Boric acid was used as a low-cost additive, in the amount of 2 wt%. Relatively high porosities of nearly 40% and 65% are obtained for the samples of clay and diatomite pressed at 40 MPa, and sintered at 1000 °C, respectively. The samples sintered at 1150 °C and 1300 °C have the average pore size diameters in the range of macroporous for clay 0.2–10 μm and for diatomite 0.2–5 μm. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and mercury porosimetry measurements were employed to characterize of the obtained samples. Measurements of densities and open porosities by immersion technique were used, according to the Archimedes principle. The relations between mechanical characteristics of the samples formed by using different pressures and sintered at different temperature, were discussed.