负载羧基化球状介孔纳米颗粒TFN膜的研究

在薄层复合膜(thin-film composite membrane, TFC膜)中引入无机纳米颗粒,形成薄层纳米复合膜(thin-film nanocomposite membrane, TFN膜),近几年作为反渗透膜开始应用于水处理研究。但是无机纳米颗粒在TFC膜中的性能的不稳定性和膜的机械强度等变成了突出问题。合成制备了粒径约为110 nm修饰羧基的介孔氧化硅球状纳米颗粒(MSN—COOH),并将其成功地化学键合在TFC膜的表面功能层交联网络中。与TFC膜相比,键合有MSN—COOH的TFN膜,水通量提高了56.2%,保持高脱盐率;由于单分散介孔纳米颗粒表面亲水官能团的引入,使膜表面的亲水性有很大程度提高,单分散介孔纳米颗粒在基体中的有序排列,使膜表面粗糙度降低,提高了膜的抗污染能力。与普通TFN膜相比较,具有更好的稳定性和柔韧性,可以在长时间高压过滤操作下保持稳定。     

生物表面活性剂生产Bacillus subtilis-1101发酵过程优化

应用中心组合试验设计和响应面分析方法对影响枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis-1101产生表面活性剂的发酵过程进行优化。结果表明,枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis-1101产生表面活性剂的最佳发酵条件为发酵温度29.1℃,初始pH值为4.9,装液量为56mL。在此条件下进行实验,结果最大排油圈为7.08cm,与模型预测值接近。说明响应面分析方法是优化表面活性剂生产的有力工具。     

巯基乙醇单双环戊二烯基醚合成工艺研究

用双环戊二烯（DCPD）和巯基乙醇（ME）为主要原料,在对甲基苯磺酸催化作用下进行亲电加成反应制备巯基乙醇基双环戊二烯基醚。采用试验法确定了较优反应条件为：n（DCPD）∶n（ME）=1∶1.1,对甲基苯磺酸加入量为DCPD质量的3%,反应温度35℃,反应时间6h。在此条件下巯基乙醇单双环戊二烯基醚收率大于70%,产品纯度大于96%。     

Curing behavior and properties of benzoxazine‐co‐self‐promoted phthalonitrile polymers

A new high‐performance copolymer was successfully obtained via concerted catalysis polymerization of mono‐functional benzoxazine (P‐a) and self‐promoted 4‐aminophenoxy phthalonitrile (4‐APN) monomers. The FTIR and DSC curves of the P‐a/4‐APN in different blend ratios suggested that the monomer blends can be completely cured without the addition of curing additive. The P‐a/4‐APN copolymers were cured at relatively lower curing temperatures and time. The TGA curves revealed that the P‐a/4‐APN copolymers have good thermal stability in terms of T₅, T₁₀, and char yield. A gradual increase in the glass transition temperature (T_g) values and decline were seen in the storage modulus as the loading of 4‐APN was increased from 10 to 30 wt % in the copolymer. The SEM analyses showed that copolymer's fracture surface is dendritic, showing the stress has been dispersed to a certain extent. The study revealed that the poly(P‐a/4‐APN) copolymer have much better thermal stabilities than the poly(P‐a), and the prepared copolymer can be used as a high‐performance thermosetting resin. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46578.     

糙米酵素发酵工艺条件的研究

以糙米为原料,以淀粉酶活力为指标,研究发酵条件对糙米酵素淀粉酶活力的影响。结果表明:酵母用量为4%,发酵时间5h,发酵温度30℃时,淀粉酶活力最强。     

考马斯亮蓝G250染色法测定啤酒中蛋白质含量

以啤酒为原料,利用蛋白质与考马斯亮蓝显色原理,测定啤酒中蛋白质含量,并对测定条件进行优化研究,实验结果表明：波长在595nm处蛋白质有最大吸收峰,反应时间3～5min为最适宜,SDS对马斯亮蓝测定蛋白质含量有干扰。测定所用的标准曲线方程为：v=0．1296x＋0．0907。考马斯亮蓝G-250法测量蛋白质含量与凯氏定氮法相比较误差范围3％～8％。     

酸性双蛋白饮料稳定性的研究

蛋白沉淀一直是影响酸性双蛋白饮料质量的重要因素。通过采用不同稳定剂配比进行正交试验,研制出蛋白含量大于1．5％的酸性双蛋白饮料配方,并确定了稳定剂的种类及添加量。实验结果表明：当蔗糖用量为6％、蛋白糖0．035％、柠檬酸0．45％、pH为4．12时饮料的口感及风味最佳;当稳定剂配比为CMC 0.45％、卡拉胶0．06％、络合剂0．10％、乳化剂0．08％时饮料的稳定性最好。     

猪胆汁中猪去氧胆酸的提取纯化工艺条件的研究

以猪胆汁为原料,初步研究了乙酸乙酯添加量、处理温度、处理时间3个因素对猪去氧胆酸(HDCA)提取率的影响。实验结果表明:当乙酸乙酯添加量为猪胆粉的8倍,处理温度80℃,处理时间2h,HDCA的提取率较高为93.15%。     

页岩油气资源分级评价标准探讨

研究页岩油气资源分级评价标准,以准确评价页岩油气资源潜力。对松辽、海拉尔、济阳等5个地区烃源岩层地球化学指标进行统计分析,利用烃源岩含油量与TOC关系的"三分性",按富集程度将页岩油气分为分散(无效)资源、低效资源和富集资源3级;有机质大量生油/气的成熟阶段对应富集页岩油/气窗,页岩油气资源级别按TOC值划分。结合页岩中脆性矿物的含量、页岩(层系)的厚度、埋深等,定义评价页岩油气可采性的可采性指数并建立其计算公式,以定量评价页岩油气的可采性。实际应用中,根据用TOC-测井响应相关性确定的井剖面上的TOC值变化,可以得到不同级别页岩的等厚图及分级页岩油气资源量;再结合分级标准,利用TOC等值线和Ro等值线的叠合,可识别有利的页岩油气区。     

Inhibitory effects of garlic and other spices on biogenic amine production in Myeolchi-jeot,Korean salted and fermented anchovy product

This study was carried out to reduce biogenic amine contents in Myeolchi-jeot, Korean salted and fermented anchovy (Engraulis japonicus). The effects of a variety of spices including ginger, garlic, green onion, red pepper, clove and cinnamon, on biogenic amine production were determined by HPLC. The greatest inhibitory effect on biogenic amine production was observed in the culture treated by garlic extract. In the culture, the contents of putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, tyramine and spermidine were reduced by up to 11.2%, 18.4%, 11.7%, 30.9% and 17.4%, respectively, compared to control. The other spice extracts tested showed less or no effect in reducing biogenic amine contents. In addition, the extract of garlic showed the highest antimicrobial activity against the amine producers tested. The extract of garlic at a concentration of 5% (weight basis) was finally applied to the ripening of Myeolchi-jeot in situ, and then overall production of biogenic amines in Myeolchi-jeot was found to be reduced by up to 8.7%, compared to control. Consequently, it is expected that the findings of this study might be helpful for enhancing the safety of Myeolchi-jeot.