Evaluation of Two Homogenization Techniques for Modeling the Elastic Behavior of Granular Materials

This paper discusses the capabilities of two homogenization techniques to accurately represent the elastic behavior of granular materials considered as assemblies of randomly distributed particles. The stress-strain relationship for the assembly is determined by integrating the behavior of the interparticle contacts in all orientations, using two different homogenization methods, namely the kinematic method and the static method. The numerical predictions obtained by these two homogenization techniques are compared to results obtained during experimental studies on different granular materials. Relations between elastic constants of the assembly, interparticle properties, and fabric parameters are discussed, as well as the capabilities of the models to take into account inherent and stress-induced anisotropy for different stress conditions.     

Damping of Cables by a Transverse Force

A general asymptotic format is presented for the effect on the modal vibrations of a transverse damper close to the end of a cable. Complete locking of the damper leads to an increase of the natural frequencies, and it is demonstrated that the maximum attainable damping is a certain fraction of the relative frequency increase, depending on the type of damping device. The asymptotic format only includes a real and a complex nondimensional parameter, and it is demonstrated how these parameters can be determined from the frequency increase by locking and from an energy balance on the undamped natural vibration modes. It is shown how the asymptotic format can incorporate sag of the cable, and specific results are presented for viscous damping, the effect of stiffness and mass, fractional viscous damping, and a nonlinear viscous damper. The relation of the stiffness component to active and semiactive damping is discussed.     

A simple method for the evaluation of fracture toughness of a multi-layered laminate based on the failure stress of sub-laminates

A simple analytical method is presented that can be used to predict the intralaminar fracture toughness of multilayered composite laminate based on the failure stresses of its sub laminates. MCCI approach is followed to verify the fracture toughness of a base laminate and the method is validated comparing the available test data on the toughness value of the base laminate with the prediction. It is observed that a better representation of carbon —epoxy base laminate by its sub laminate gives very good agreement in prediction within 3%.     

基于立体成像几何特性的动态有限搜索匹配法

提出了一种基于立体成像几何特性的动态有限搜索匹配法。该法根据被测物体与摄像机标定参照物在空间上的相互关系及被测物体形态，确定被测物体特征点视差匹配大致范围。利用立体成像几何特性，采用动态有限搜索法，以求出的视差为参考，根据左(右)图像中特征点与所得匹配对应点的水平视差值，确定在右(左)图像中的搜索方向和搜索范围，采用灰度区域相关计算，确定下一个匹配特征点，并依此类推。由于特征点灰度不稳定，且随视点的不同而有很大差异，为能得到正确匹配，需结合几何相似性约束。通过对一已知三维坐标标准件的计算机仿真实验，证实了该方法的有效性。     

On the method of the automatic modeling in hydraulic pipe networks

0　INTRODUCTIONWiththedevelopmentofthehydraulicsysteminhighspeedandhighpressure ,thedangercausedbythepres surepulsationwithinthepipebecomesbiggerandbigger ,andthedynamiccharacteristicsanalysisbecomesanindis pensablepartinthehydraulicsystemdesign .Whenthepipe’snaturalfrequencyisthesameortimesasthepres surepulsationfrequencycausedbyworkingelements ,theimpedanceofthepipenetworkapproachesthemaximum ,andcausesresonanceinpipenetworksystem .Thepres surepulsationwithresonanceisafewtimes ,evenafew…     

多维力传感器设计的评价准则与优化设计研究

在建立多维力传感器精度与刚度的数学模型的基础上，分别导出对传感器的精度与刚度进行评价的准则；提出多维力传感器优化设计的基本方法，并应用到实际的传感器设计中求解传感器的最优结构参数。     

野外大口径管道焊缝X射线检测机器人

利用管内移动载体拖动周向Ｘ射线探伤机，借助ＣＣＤ摄像系统确定焊缝并对正拍片，实现单壁成像，该机器人结构紧凑，工作效率高，稳定可靠，是野外管首宛损检测的理想设备。     

用光透消光测定油液污染度的若干影响因素分析

基于Ｌａｍｂｅｒｔ－Ｂｅｅｒ光透射定律，分析了影响测定油液污染度的光透消光法的测量精度的若干因素，并提出了相应的对策，为该类仪器性能完善提供了一定依据。     

HEDRA: Heterogeneous Distributed Real-Time Architecture

HEDRA, ESPRIT project (nr. 6768), aims to develop a heterogeneous distributed real-time architecture for robot and machine control. This paper describes an open and flexible programming system, as a part of this architecture, that is based on an existing system called VIRTUOSO. The programming system is an evolution of Virtuoso towards the aimed architecture. The work concentrates on the achievement of guaranteed real-time behavior, minimum interrupt latency and transparency of interprocessor data communication.