活性炭共吸附现象对有机蒸气穿透容量的影响

在空气避有机蒸气的气相色谱分析方法研究中，为获得可靠的采样效果，探讨了活性炭对共存有机蒸气的共吸附与穿透容量的关系，试验了四种有机蒸气共存时和组分的有采样效率。结果表明，共吸附使所有共存有机蒸气的穿透容量下降，共吸附物质愈多，穿透窝量下降愈严重。对二种和四种有机蒸气的共吸附，使丙酮的穿透容量下降２１．９％和４１．７％，四组分共存时，丙酮，丁酮，环已酮、甲苯的穿透窝量分别为５．６、５．０、９．７、１     

Chemical equilibria in methanol synthesis

The chemical equilibria of the methanol reaction and the water—gas shift reaction, starting from carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, were studied in a fixed-bed catalytic reactor at P = 10–80 bar and T = 200–270°C. It was found that the chemical equilibria could be described very well by thermochemical data based on ideal gas behaviour in combination with a correction for the non-ideality of the gas mixture as predicted by the Soave—Redlich—Kwong equation of state. This correction for non-ideality results in significantly better agreement with experimental data than a correction based on the original Redlich—Kwong equation of state, the Peng—Robinson equation of state, the virial equation truncated after the second virial coefficient, Lewis and Randall's rule, or not correcting at all for non-ideality, thus assuming ideal gas behaviour.     

金刚石的同质外延掺硼和Schottky特性

在＜１００＞取向的金刚石衬底上，用微波ＰＣＶＤ法进行同质外延，掺杂和Ｓｃｈｏｔｔｙ特性的实验研究，总结了反应气体，碳源浓度等因素对外延层形貌、结构的影响，Ｂ／Ｃ比对掺硼外延层结构、形貌和电学性能的影响，以及接触金属，温度对Ｓｃｈｏｔｔｋｙ特性的影响。     

Adsorption and Desorption of Zn,Cu, and Cr by Sediments from the Raisin River (Michigan)

Metal adsorption by Raisin River sediments in vitro depended linearly on soluble metal concentration to adsorption densities of 6,000–9,000 μg/g with 48 hr partition coefficients of approximately 50, 30, and 25 L/g for Cu, Cr, and Zn, respectively. Partition coefficients computed from field data spanned a comparatively wider range of values in a manner consistent with the often reported adsorbent concentration effect, but other factors likely contributed, too. Desorption of Zn was complete and rapid (24–48 hr) in contrast to Cr, which was incomplete and much slower; Cu desorption was intermediate to Zn and Cr. A reversible-resistant equilibrium model (DiToro et al. 1986) could not describe the observations as Cu and Cr had not reached metastable desorption equilibria after 24 days. Metal desorption, however, could be described kinetically by distributing sorbed cations between either of two classes: rapidly desorbing and slowly desorbing cations. Sequential and simultaneous desorption models gave similar predictions. Aqueous chemical considerations suggested precipitated as well as adsorbed species could give rise to the observations, but available data did not permit adequate tests of this hypothesis. The extent to which kinetic constraints rather than irreversible reactions account for the desorption-resistant binding signifies a potentially greater metal mobility or bioavailability than would otherwise be assumed.     

The role of some thiosemicarbazide derivatives in the corrosion inhibition of aluminium in hydrochloric acid

The inhibitive action of some thiosemicarbazide derivatives towards the corrosion of aluminium in 2 M HCl has been investigated by using thermometric, weight loss and hydrogen evolution techniques. The three independent techniques gave similar results. The inhibitors used were found to be weakly adsorbed on the aluminium surface through a one-step process. The order of inhibition efficiency of the inhibitors used depends on the number of adsorption sites in the molecule and their charge density, molecular size, heat of hydrogenation and formation of metallic complexes.     

PLC模糊控制器在煤泥水处理中的应用

根据煤泥水系统的多输入多输出变量特性及其相互之间的动态关系,提出了采用模糊控制技术对其控制的方法以及建立多变量系统的模糊控制规则,并给出了采用PLC处理煤泥水的实现方法。     

Measurement of the thermal properties of TiFe0.85Mn0.15 and its hydrides

A high vacuum/high pressure measuring apparatus for the study of equilibrium thermophysical properties, heat transfer parameters and dynamic reaction thermal response of hydrogen storage alloys has been constructed. The absolute thermal conductivity of massive hydridable TiFe_0.85Mn_0.15 alloy has been determined, as well as the effective thermal conductivities of identical particulated material in both unhydrided and hydrided form using the steady-state plate method.The effective conductivity of powders with particle sizes between 0.075 and 0.425 mm is found to be strongly temperature- and pressure-dependent, with values ranging from 0.1 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ in high vacuum of 10⁻³ Pa, to 1.5 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ at high He or H₂ pressures up to 5.5 MPa. Hydriding of the powders does not significantly change the effective conductivity, whereas packing density, contact pressure and particle size does so. Massive TiFe_0.85Mn_0.15 has a surprisingly high absolute thermal conductivity of 77.2 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹, which is temperature independent in the range from 0–150°C.     

Synthesis of highly-oriented polyacetylene film in a liquid crystal solvent

The synthesis of oriented polyacetylene films is investigated by using a nematic liquid crystal as polymerization solvent. Highly-oriented thin films are obtained under a flow of catalyst solution in which a nematic liquid crystal is used instead of common solvents such as hexane and toluene. Nematic liquid crystals that could be used as solvents for the Ziegler-Natta catalysts are limited due to their reactive substituents with the active species and/or the components of the catalyst. Among the available nematic liquid crystals, phenylcyclohexane type is stable in the presence of Ziegler-Natta catalysts. Since fibril alignment in the oriented films is found to be along the flow direction of the catalyst solution, it appears that the direction of fibril growth coincides with that of the liquid crystal orientation, which is caused by an alignment effect of the liquid crystal molecules under a flow of the solution.This new and simple method allows quite large highly-oriented films to be synthesized, which makes it possible to investigate various kinds of anisotropic properties of polyacetylene.     

辣根过氧化酶在纳米银修饰玻碳电极上的直接电化学研究1

通过自组装依次将纳米银粒子和辣根过氧化酶(HRP)固定到巯基乙胺(Cys)修饰的玻碳电极上,制备了HRP/Ag/Cys膜修饰电极.用交流阻抗技术表征了电极的自组装过程.用循环伏安法和计时电流法考察了HRP与电极之间的直接电化学行为及酶对过氧化氢电催化特性.电极响应对过氧化氢有良好的电催化还原性质,性能稳定,响应时间小于5 s.有望应用于制备第三代生物传感器     

Thermally stimulated discharge currents in poly(vinyl formal) films

Thermally stimulated discharge currents (t.s.d.c.) of pure poly(vinyl formal) films of thickness 42.5 μm grown by the solution growth technique have been studied as a function of polarizing field and polarizing temperature. The temperature corresponding to a peak in t.s.d.c. is found to be independent of polarizing field but dependent on the polarizing temperature. Activation energies and relaxation parameters are evaluated.