Reproducibility of plastic measurements: The need to modify State Standard GOST 1186-87

A very important characteristic of coking coal is its clinkering ability, i.e., its ability to form a nonvolatile solid residue, consisting of disparate grains, on heating in specific conditions. The clinkering ability of the coal is determined by the properties of its plastic mass. Various methods may be used to evaluate the plastic-ductile properties of the coal. However, since the 1930s, the main method used to evaluate the clinkering properties of coal, within the nations of the former Soviet Union, has been the Sapozhnikov-Bazilevich plastometric method, because it provides more information than competing approaches. For the same reason, the thickness of the plastic layer, which is one of the parameters determined by this method, is used for coal classification in State Standard GOST 25543-88 (Lignite, Coal, and Anthracite: Genetic and TEchnological Classification) and its Ukrainian counterpart DSTU 3472-96 (Lignite, Coal, and Anthracite: Classification). This explains the strict requirements on the accuracy and reliability of the plastometric characteristics.     

A study of reinforced refractory concretes

Results of a laboratory study of the properties of corundum concrete with metallic fibers of five compositions are presented. It is shown that some of the fibers affect favorably the strength and heat resistance of the concrete. Industrial tests of parts made of the suggested reinforced concrete have proved these conclusions.Translated from Ogneupory i Tekhnicheskaya Keramika, No. 11, pp. 22–24, November, 1996.     

Formation of cube texture in nickel-palladium alloys for epitaxial substrates for deposition of high-temperature superconductors

The texture, structure, and magnetic and mechanical properties of thin ribbons of nickel-palladium alloys have been studied. It has been demonstrated that in Ni₉₄Pd₆ and Ni_92.5Pd₅W_2.5 alloys, a sharp cube texture can be formed that is stable up to rather high annealing temperatures. Segregation of palladium atoms to surface layers of ribbons has been found, which gives additional advantages for using these ribbons as substrates for epitaxial deposition of high-temperature superconductors.     

Surface Attractive Forces of Glass Batch Particles

The forces of surface interaction between glass batch components are considered. A comparison between capillary and gravitational forces for particles of different sizes at different stages of glass batch preparation is carried out. The dependences of capillary force on the volume of liquid and the distance between particles are discussed.__________Translated from Steklo i Keramika, No. 3, pp. 7 – 9, March, 2005.     

Effect of alloying and heat treatment on the structure and tribological properties of nitrogen-bearing stainless austenitic steels under abrasive and adhesive wear

The effect of nitrogen, silicon, and aging modes on the structure, resistance to abrasive and adhesive wear, friction factor, and mechanical properties of nitrogen-bearing (0.27–0.83% N) chromium-manganese austenitic steels is studied. It is shown that it is possible to ensure a favorable combination of mechanical and tribological properties in such steels by choosing the appropriate chemical composition and aging mode. __________ Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 5, pp. 9–18, May, 2007.     

Measurement of viscoplastic properties of a liquid in experiments with a torsion viscosimeter

The results of a numerical solution of the problem of vibrations of a torsion viscosimeter filled with an incompressible viscoplastic liquid are presented. It has been shown that in the vicinity of the rotation axis there appears a dead zone, whose boundary changes in the process of vibrations. The influence of plastic properties of the liquid on the characteristics of viscosimeter vibrations has been determined. A method for identifying viscoplastic properties by the observed parameters of vibrations is proposed. __________ Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 80, No. 1, pp. 124–127, January–February, 2007.     

1/f noise and self-organized criticality in crisis regimes of heat and mass transfer

Thermal fluctuations under the transition from nucleate to film boiling of water on a wire heater and fluctuations of jet form during an outflow of superheated liquid from a pressure vessel were experimentally investigated. It has been found that power spectrum of the fluctuations has got a low frequency component corresponding to a 1/f law (flicker noise).The effect given is connected with the occurrence of nonequilibrium phase transitions in the systems: a crisis of heat transfer under the transition from nucleate to film boiling and a crisis of a flow in boiling-up of superheated liquid jet.     

Transport properties of Nd1.85Ce0.15 δ single crystals: The narrow-band model

The anisotropy of the resistivity and thermoelectric power (TEP)S of Nd_1.85Ce_0.15CuO_4?δ single crystal (T _c =17 K) has been investigated. In the temperature rangeT _c <T<300 K the ratioρ _c/ρ_ab≈10⁴ and the dependencesρ _ab (T) andρ _c (T) change from quadratic to linear atT～200 K. The dependencesS _ab (T) andS _c (T) reach a maximum atT>T _c and then decrease almost linearly with increasing temperature, changing sign from positive to negative nearT～ 150 K. The features of the resistivity and TEP temperature dependences (the lawρ∝T ² changing toρ∝T, the change in the sign of S with temperature, and the low TEP anisotropy at largeρ anisotropy) have been interpreted in the framework of the narrow-band model.     

Many-body effects and electron tunneling in metal-insulator-p-type semiconductor structures

Investigation of the tunneling conductivity σ _d(V) of structures made on a highly doped, narrow-gap p-type semiconductor HgCdTe reveals an abrupt increase in this quantity at voltages corresponding to the start of tunneling into the conduction band. It is shown that the observed functions σ _d(V) cannot be described in the framework of a model based on single-particle tunneling. It is proposed that the abrupt increase in σ _d(V) is attributable to tunneling into exciton states. Fiz. Tekh. Poluprovodn. 32, 1069–1072 (September 1998)     

Interaction Between a Drying Agent and Particles Dispersed by an Airstream Atomizer Inside a Drying Chamber

Results of an experimental study of the aerodynamics and spray density distribution of a liquid dispersed by an airstream atomizer inside a drying chamber. Velocity components of the drying agent and their radial distributions as a function of the distance from the spray plane are determined. Relationships for the distribution of dispersed liquid inside the drying chamber are derived. Interactions between the drying agent and the product in the drying chamber are analyzed.