寒地特色中小苹果果汁加工酶处理技术研究

以黑龙江省中小型苹果K9、铃铛、黄太平、金红品种为试材,以品种、酶解时间、酶解温度、加酶量作四因素四水平的正交实验,研究适宜加工果汁的苹果品种及酶解工艺。结果表明:品种选择K9,酶解时间4h,酶解温度50℃,加酶量为800U/100g组合的果汁质量指标最佳。此工艺条件下可使出汁率提高41%,可溶性固形物提高9%,总酸提高32%,色值降低82%。其中,影响各项质量指标的主要因素是品种,其次是酶解温度。     

离子液体在Knoevenagel缩合反应工艺中的研究与应用进展

Knoevenagel缩合反应被广泛应用于合成香料、化工原料及药物中间体。离子液体作为反应溶剂,能促使一系列醛、酮与活泼亚甲基化合物的Knoevenagel缩合反应顺利进行。功能化离子液体作为催化剂成功催化Knoevenagel缩合反应,避免了使用额外催化剂。离子液体被认为是环境友好的"绿色"溶剂和"可设计"溶剂,为Knoevenagel缩合反应提供了高效、环保的制备途径。该文综述了离子液体在Knoevenagel缩合反应中的应用进展。     

Preliminary separation and purification of rutin and quercetin from Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold extracts by macroporous resins

In this study, the performances of rutin and quercetin from Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold extracts on five macroporous resins with different physical and chemical properties were investigated. The results of static tests indicated that AB-8 resin was the most appropriate and its adsorption data were well fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. In order to optimize the separation process, different pH values of sample solution, different concentrations and pH values of ethanol solution also have been investigated. Column packed with AB-8 resin was used to perform dynamic adsorption and desorption experiments. After the treatment with AB-8 resin and optimal conditions, the contents of rutin and quercetin in the product were 8.45-fold and 13.14-fold increased with recovery yields of 63.1% and 72.3%, respectively. The results showed that the present method was suitable for large-scale preparation of rutin and quercetin from Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold or other herbal materials.     

1000kV特高压变电构架风荷载特性

利用1000 kV特高压变电构架在均匀流、A类和B类地貌高频底部测力天平风洞试验同步测量的基底弯矩和反力的时程数据,对变电构架整体及节段模型的气动力系数功率谱以及均值、均方根、峰度和偏度等统计特性对比分析,详细考察风向、地貌等因素对风荷载特性的影响规律并探讨不同流场下输电构架整体与节段模型的气动力特性比例关系.研究结果...     

Mesoporous yolk-shell structure Bi2MoO6 microspheres with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity

Mesoporous yolk-shell structure Bi₂MoO₆ (BMO-YS) microspheres were successfully synthesized via a facile solvothermal route in Bi₂MoO₆ precursor solution. The morphology, structure and photocatalytic performance of the BMO-YS in the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption–desorption, UV–vis absorption spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectra, respectively. The as-prepared BMO-YS mainly consists of microspheres with diameters of about 1.5 μm. The photocatalytic studies reveal that the BMO-YS not only exhibits optimum photocatalytic performance, which may be attributed to the excellent charge separation characteristics and the enhanced light absorption offered by its unique yolk-shell structure, but also possesses excellent recyclability for photocatalysis.     

Synthesis of a porphyrinic polymer for highly efficient oxidation of arylalkanes in water

A highly stable covalent-porphyrinic framework Mn-CPF-1 was synthesized by reaction of cyanuric chloride and tetraphenylamine porphyrin (TAPP) and subsequent metallation. Mn-CPF-1 exhibits remarkable catalytic activity and stability on catalytic oxidation of arylalkanes in water under mild conditions, which is much superior to the homogeneous analog Mn-tetraphenylporphyrin (Mn-TPP) under identical conditions.     

负载金属捕获剂改性PAC吸附低温水中低浓度Cr(Ⅵ)特性

针对低温微污染水中(275 K)低浓度Cr(Ⅵ)离子(0.500 mg·L^-1),制备基于表面负载食品级单宁酸为金属捕获剂的改性PAC(TA-PAC),以HNO₃、NaOH氧化改性PAC为对照,研究了TA-PAC的表面物理化学特性和吸附性能,并进行了pH影响和吸附等温线拟合研究。结果表明:TA-PAC的比表面积、总孔容积和表面极性大小最佳。TA-PAC对低温水中Cr(Ⅵ)及总铬的去除效果优于N-PAC和OH-PAC。酸性范围内(pH=3.0~6.0)TA-PAC对Cr(Ⅵ)及总铬的去除率均大于碱性范围(pH=7.0~10.0)。Freundlich 双参数吸附等温式对TA-HNC吸附水中低浓度总铬的吸附等温线拟合效果最好(R²=0.9941)。TA-PAC吸附低温水中低浓度Cr(Ⅵ)是一个极为复杂的过程,主要吸附机理可能包括表面还原作用、酯化/螯合作用和离子交换作用等。     

单嘧磺隆土壤残留12个月对主要后茬作物的安全性

[目的]探讨东北地区谷田施用10%单嘧磺隆WP后对主要后茬作物的安全性。[方法]2010—2011年在黑龙江省采用田间小区试验方法进行了土壤残留12个月对后茬作物影响试验。[结果]按照30、45 g a.i./hm2施用10%单嘧磺隆WP 12个月后,马铃薯、大豆、向日葵、高粱、玉米的出苗不受影响,对作物的株高、鲜质量、产量的影响没有一定规律,与空白对照都差异不显著。[结论]10%单嘧磺隆WP按照推荐剂量15~30 g a.i./hm2使用12个月后可以安全种植马铃薯、大豆、向日葵、高粱、玉米5种后茬作物。     

二聚5，6-二氧代-1，10-邻菲咯啉配合物的合成及结构分析

利用水热反应合成了聚5,6-二氧代-1,10-邻菲咯啉配合物晶体。同时利用X射线单晶衍射对标题化合物进行了表征。晶体数据：单斜晶系,空间群P2（1）／c,a=1．7365（4）nm,b=1．0961（2）nm,c=1．4424nm,β=111．75（3）°,V=2．5501（9）nm3,Dc=1．470mg／m3,Z=4,F（000）=1168,最终残差因子R1=0．0445,wR2=0．1053,对于全部数据R1=0．0915,wR2=0．1198。