采用加权协方差矩阵描述子的OCR识别方法

传统光学字符识别（Optical Character Recognition,OCR）方法一般只提取图像亮度特征,在图像退化较严重时识别准确率不高。针对这一问题,提出一种新的扫描字符特征提取方法。除各通道亮度外,还提取像素位置、亮度的一阶导、二阶导等特征构成特征图像,并根据各个特征对图像的贡献程度进行加权处理。计算以当前像素为中心的局部区域特征图像块的协方差矩阵作为当前像素的描述子,然后在黎曼空间对字符实施分类。实验结果表明,采用典型的结构化分类器时,该特征提取方法对字符识别的准确率高于传统方法,表现出较强的鲁棒性。     

Curvelet变换的多波段遥感图像融合研究

提出一种基于Curvelet变换的多波段遥感图像融合算法。Curvelet变换具有比小波变换更好的边缘表达,因而更适合图像的融合处理。采用具有多尺度、多方向特点的Curvelet变换对多波段遥感图像像进行分解。对于低频系数采用平均融合算法,根据高频子图边缘分布差异,对于方向高频系数采用区域边缘检测和区域谱熵算法实现多波段遥感图像的融合处理。实验结果表明,提出的算法与传统算法相比在保留原始图像边缘和纹理信息同时,可以有效地取得较好的融合视觉效果。     

一种人脸皮肤图像诊断方法

在皮肤病诊断、化妆品功效判定和皮肤评价中都需要精确地检测和提取色斑、皱纹和毛孔。在人脸皮肤图像中截取一块矩形区域,设计了一个滤波器组对该区域图像进行诊断。该滤波器组包括一个小波同态滤波器和一个ε-滤波器组。一方面,把区域图像用小波同态滤波器滤波,进而检测出色斑。另一方面,把区域图像用ε-滤波器组滤波,进而检测出皱纹和毛孔。结合它们各自的特点和一些形态学图像处理算法分别对它们进行了提取。根据实验结果进行了分析,验证了方法的准确性。     

图像重建中的非常稀疏循环矩阵

测量矩阵是压缩传感理论的关键要素之一。针对目前大部分工作中所用的高斯等随机测量矩阵独立随机变元过多,不利于物理实现的问题,引入稀疏带状和稀疏列的概念,形成稀疏带状随机、托普利兹和循环矩阵以及稀疏列随机、循环矩阵,随机变元个数减少约三分之一。采用通用的模拟实验方法,验证此类稀疏矩阵对于真实图像的重建效果及对0-1信号的成功重建概率均与随机高斯矩阵相当。     

Multi-layered adsorption of 3Y–ZrO2 nanoparticles on polystyrene microsphere

Multi-layered adsorption of 3Y–ZrO₂ nanoparticles on polystyrene (PS) microsphere using layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly technique was investigated. By employing sodium poly (acrylic acid) (PAANa) and polyethylenimine (PEI) to modify the zeta potential of the powders, the heterocoagulation takes place between the coating powders and microspheres substrate and the zirconia coating on the surface of polystyrene spheres was successfully formed. Dense, uniform multi-layered zirconia can be obtained on the surface of polystyrene spheres and the thickness of zirconia coating increased by repeating the coating process. The diameter of the spheres expands to 1.5 μm after the first coating and 1.65 μm after the third coating comparing with the original polystyrene spheres with diameter of 1.4 μm.     

一种新型光伏电站高压电缆施工装置的研发

文章根据现阶段生产任务的需要,立足现有的电缆施工方式及方法,研制出一种新型的用于光伏电站的高压电缆施工装置,并提出三种方案进行定性定量分析,选取最佳方案并对最佳方案进行细化确定基本结构。在现有工程中进行技术推广,并跟踪使用效果,证明新装置提高了施工效率,降低了施工成本,效益显著。     

The effects of PVP surfactant in the direct and indirect hydrothermal synthesis processes of ceria nanostructures

CeO₂ nanostructures with completely different morphologies were successfully prepared using the same cerium source and mineralizer through the direct and indirect hydrothermal methods with different introducing strategies of PVP surfactant. The CeO₂ nanostructures tend to form the morphologies of nano-flowers and nano-cubes through the indirect and direct hydrothermal methods, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses revealed that both as-prepared nanostructures are composed of CeO₂ with a standard fluorite structure. The different synthesis mechanisms and corresponding chemical evolutions of the as-prepared CeO₂ nanostructures are discussed based on the different introducing strategies of PVP surfactant in the direct and indirect hydrothermal processes. Investigation of the UV-shielding ability of both CeO₂ nanostructures suggested that the UV absorbance of the nano-flowers is much higher than that of the nano-cubes.     

A compilation of patents related to mechanical metrology standards and high-precision measurement of mechanical quantities

The paper aims to provide a source of information regarding the measurement of physical quantities, specifically those related to mechanical metrology. Since there is a lack of literature reviews referencing patents as a way of gathering useful information, we performed a systematic search for patents that could solve practical problems in this field. The methodology used focused on one of the most comprehensive patent database, Orbit.com, covering about 70,000,000 documents. This text gives a quick look at the fundamentals of the measurement literature and then points out the state-of-the-art concerning patents in the area of study. Additionally, data analysis shows the trends in the last five decades of patents about the subject. In total, 5686 documents are found and we compiled 10 examples of relevant patents for the quantities Length, Temperature and Mass, making this article a source of information for both scientific and non-scientific metrology community.     

Power grand composite curves shaping for adaptive energy management of hybrid microgrids

This work proposes a systematic approach for the adaptive identification and implementation of efficient power management strategies (PMS) in the course of operation of hybrid renewable energy microgrids. The approach is based on the temporal evolution of the system power grand composite curve (PGCC), which is adaptively shaped on-line and within short-term time intervals to form a sequence of decisions indicating the instant and duration of activation of different subsystems. It builds on from previous work where the potential for system performance enhancement could not be exploited through pre-specified PMS identified off-line. More specifically, it involves a stored energy targeting step that exploits the PGCC to identify the desired operational profile of an accumulator during a prediction horizon in order to satisfy the system operating goals. The identified energy targets are subsequently enforced through a sequence of control actions that enable the exact matching of the PGCC hence resulting in a new PMS. The method is elaborated graphically for multiple potential operating goals and is supported by a formal mathematical model that captures system structural and temporal characteristics. It is implemented on an actual hybrid microgrid considering multiple RES-based energy generation and storage options for expected and unexpected weather conditions.     

Valorization of Eucalyptus wood by glycerol-organosolv pretreatment within the biorefinery concept: An integrated and intensified approach

The efficient utilization of lignocellulosic biomass and the reduction of production cost are mandatory to attain a cost-effective lignocellulose-to-ethanol process. The selection of suitable pretreatment that allows an effective fractionation of biomass and the use of pretreated material at high-solid loadings on saccharification and fermentation (SSF) processes are considered promising strategies for that purpose. Eucalyptus globulus wood was fractionated by organosolv process at 200 °C for 69 min using 56% of glycerol-water. A 99% of cellulose remained in pretreated biomass and 65% of lignin was solubilized. Precipitated lignin was characterized for chemical composition and thermal behavior, showing similar features to commercial lignin. In order to produce lignocellulosic ethanol at high-gravity, a full factory design was carried to assess the liquid to solid ratio (3–9 g/g) and enzyme to solid ratio (8–16 FPU/g) on SSF of delignified Eucalyptus. High ethanol concentration (94 g/L) corresponding to 77% of conversion at 16FPU/g and LSR = 3 g/g using an industrial and thermotolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain was successfully produced from pretreated biomass. Process integration of a suitable pretreatment, which allows for whole biomass valorization, with intensified saccharification-fermentation stages was shown to be feasible strategy for the co-production of high ethanol titers, oligosaccharides and lignin paving the way for cost-effective Eucalyptus biorefinery.