信息可视化和可视分析:挑战与机遇——北戴河信息可视化战略研讨会总结报告

由天津大学软件学院发起并召集,东北大学秦皇岛分校和燕山大学承办的信息可视化战略研讨会于2012年6月9～10日在北戴河成功举行.本文总结了此次会议的讨论内容和达成的共识,对当前信息可视化和可视分析领域的挑战和国际上这方面的研究方向做了大致的分析,并对今后信息可视化和可视分析的大方向提出一些建议,以及对具体行动提出一系列倡议.     

成像型激光探测系统中光斑精确定位方法研究

为了在探测图像中实现对激光光斑的精确定位,进而达到系统对激光光源精确定向的目的,引入了亚像素检测的算法.并针对小同大小的光斑分别采用了重心法和基于空问矩的综介检测方法.进行了理论分析和实验验证.取得了小同光强下光斑坐标均值和均方差数据。结果表明.这种方法在扩展检测动态范围的基础上可以使激光光斑定位精度达到在0.2个像素以内。这一结果对保证系统对激光源的精确定向是有帮助的。     

Bimetallic Phosphide Heterostructure Coupled with Ultrathin Carbon Layer Boosting Overall Alkaline Water and Seawater Splitting

Seawater electrolysis is promising for green hydrogen production but hindered by the sluggish reaction kinetics of both cathode and anode, as well as the detrimental chlorine chemistry environment. Herein, a self-supported bimetallic phosphide heterostructure electrode strongly coupled with an ultrathin carbon layer on Fe foam (C@CoP-FeP/FF) is constructed. When used as an electrode for the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER/OER) in simulated seawater, the C@CoP-FeP/FF electrode shows overpotentials of 192 mV and 297 mV at 100 mA cm⁻², respectively. Moreover, the C@CoP-FeP/FF electrode enables the overall simulated seawater splitting at the cell voltage of 1.73 V to achieve 100 mA cm⁻², and operate stably during 100 h. The superior overall water and seawater splitting properties can be ascribed to the integrated architecture of CoP-FeP heterostructure, strongly coupled carbon protective layer, and self-supported porous current collector. The unique composites can not only provide enriched active sites, ensure prominent intrinsic activity, but also accelerate the electron transfer and mass diffusion. This work confirms the feasibility of an integration strategy for the manufacturing of a promising bifunctional electrode for water and seawater splitting.     

柴油机气缸内辐射传热模型研究历程与展望

综述了国内外内燃机气缸内辐射理论研究的进展，阐述了目前研究的难点和关键总是指出作为气缸内传热的一种重要途径，气缸内辐射传热的研究工作需要进一步深入和加强。     

计及通信失效的输电系统信息物理协同恢复策略

为应对输电系统信息物理复合故障,提出了一种计及通信系统失效的信息物理协同恢复策略.首先,基于发电机、电力线路与负荷的故障特性,综合考虑了系统频率、节点电压、线路容量等安全约束,构建了物理系统的恢复模型.然后,提出了一种基于通信网络拓扑的信息系统恢复策略.接着,考虑信息系统故障给发电机出力调节、电力线路投运以及负荷恢复可...     

基站价值评估模型的应用研究

新建站的价值评估和效益分析一直是困扰运营商网络建设的难题，相比传统基于覆盖、投诉等维度建立的评估方法，从成本、收入、相邻基站负荷、区域业务发展潜力等维度，构建了一种全新的基站价值评估模型，给出了评估模型的具体指标构成、指标权重和计算方法。最后，对模型的适用场景给出了建议，并且举例说明了实际的应用方法。     

紫菜联合美多芭的抗帕金森作用及其对肠道菌群的影响

该研究旨在探讨紫菜联合美多芭的抗帕金森（Parkinson’s Disease，PD）作用及其对肠道菌群的影响。以48只C57BL/6J小鼠为研究对象，随机分为4组：正常对照组、帕金森模型组、美多芭治疗组和紫菜联合美多芭治疗组。以添加5%（m/m）紫菜的饲料对PD小鼠干预2周后，进行行为学测试、免疫组化分析、免疫印迹分析、炎症因子测定；利用Illumina平台对小鼠肠道细菌的DNA片段进行双端测序。结果表明，相较于单独使用美多芭，紫菜联合美多芭治疗可以显著改善PD小鼠的脑功能，其中黑质中神经元的数量、酪氨酸羟化酶（TH）的表达量分别增加了46.95%、52.91%，α-突触核蛋白（α-syn）的表达量减少了34.56%；显著降低了IL-1β的含量，改善其炎症水平。16S rRNA结果表明，紫菜联合美多芭治疗组小鼠肠道菌群的丰富度提升、多样性增加；Firmicutes/ Bacteroidota的比值降低了71.59%；与抗炎水平相关的Muribaculaceae、Akkermansia菌属显著富集，而Blautia、Helicobacter等炎症相关菌属相对丰度明显下降。相较于单独服用美多芭，紫菜联合治疗后，其调节肠道菌群、减轻炎症的效果更佳，抗帕金森作用更显著。     

Interlayer Spacing Regulation by Single-Atom Indiumδ+–N4 on Carbon Nitride for Boosting CO2/CO Photo-Conversion

Simultaneous optimization on bulk photogenerated-carrier separation and surface atomic arrangement of catalyst is crucial for reactivity of CO₂ photo-reduction. Rare studies capture the detail that, better than in-plane regulation, interlayer-spacing regulation may significantly influence the carrier transport of the bulk-catalyst thereby affecting its CO₂ photo-reduction in g-C₃N₄. Herein, through a single atom-assisted thermal-polymerization process, single-atom In-bonded N-atom (In^δ+–N₄) in the (002) crystal planes of g-C₃N₄ is originally constructed. This In^δ+–N₄ reduces the (002) interplanar spacing of g-C₃N₄ by electrostatic adsorption, which significantly enhances the separation of bulk carriers and greatly promotes the reactivity of CO₂ photoreduction. The CO₂ photo-conversion performance of this resulted single-atom In modified g-C₃N₄ is significantly superior to other single atom loaded carbon nitride catalysts. Moreover, the In^δ+–N₄ enhances the CO₂ adsorption on g-C₃N₄, reduces the *COOH formation energy, and optimizes the reaction path. It achieves a remarkable 398.87 µmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹ yield rate, 0.21% apparent quantum efficiency, and nearly 100% selectivity for CO without any cocatalyst or sacrificial agent. Through d₍₀₀₂₎ modulation of carbon nitride by single In atom, this study provides a ground-breaking insight for reactivity enhancement from a double-gain view of bulk structural control and surface atomic arrangement for CO₂-reduction photocatalysts.     

Atomically Structured Metal-Organic Frameworks: A Powerful Chemical Path for Noble Metal-Based Electrocatalysts

Noble metal-based electrocatalysts (NMECs), particularly those with active sites at the nano or atomic level, are indispensable in heterogeneous catalysis, which has attracted considerable research interests, especially in the energy communities. Due to the enormous inherent merits, such as ultrahigh surface area, tunable atomic structure, and diverse chemical tailorability, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been proposed as ideal candidates for creating efficient and programmable NMECs. In this review, from an interdisciplinary opinion,the recent progresses on the synthetic principles and catalytic site design protocols for the atomically structured MOFs and their derivatives are comprehensively discussed. Particularly, it is dedicated to summarizing the modulation strategies on creating the catalytic centers and bond microenvironments of MOFs-based NMECs, including the single-atom, dual-atom, cluster, and nanoparticle engineering. Furthermore, the critical mechanisms of how the structures of MOFs-based NMECs affect the corresponding electrochemical behaviors is outlined and disclose the critical essences for their future applications. Finally, the current developments, challenges, and perspectives for engineering the atomically structured MOFs-based NMECs are discussed to inspire the broad utilization of MOFs-based NMECs-equipped catalysts in energy conversion, which offers cutting-edge guidance for future prosperity in developing efficient NMECs.     

黑龙江省经济波动的模糊聚类分析

省区经济作为中国经济系统中的一个子系统，其波动是中国经济波动的大背景下发生的。没有充分发了解中国经济波动的成因机理，将很难透彻底释省区的经济波动问题。分析了中国经济波动机理，在此基础上，利用模糊数学聚类分析模型对黑龙江省近十几年来的经济波动进行聚类，结合该省具体的方针、政策分析波动成因，总结以往经验，认为１９９４年省委七届三中全会提出的全省经济发展总体思路是行之有效的，根据１９９８年以来经济形势的