Simulation and inversion of ultrasonic pitch-catch through-tubing well logging with an array of receivers

Current methods for ultrasonic pitch-catch well logging use two receivers to log the bonded material outside a single casing. For two casings separated by a fluid, we find by simulation that increasing the number of receivers provides a better picture of the effect of the bonded material outside the second casing. Inverting simulated measurements with five receivers, using a simulated annealing algorithm and a simple forward model, we find for a subset of simulations that we can estimate the impedance of the material outside the outer casing.     

A Bayesian approach for sparse flaw detection from noisy signals for ultrasonic NDT

Ultrasonic pulse-echo methods for flaw detection have been widely employed as an effective strategy for nondestructive evaluation, and flaw detection plays an important role due to its ability to detect localized damage in structures. In practice, flaw damage typically occurs in a few areas in the material, resulting in only a few echoes that exist in a received signal, which motivates us to detect flaws using sparse representation methods. In this study, the noisy signal is modelled by a linear combination of modulated Gaussian pulses, which form an over-complete dictionary. The over-complete dictionary is designed such that the sparseness of the representation is expected. A robust sparse Bayesian learning framework is employed with the goal of enforcing model sparseness and reducing the source of ill-conditioning in the inversion problem for flaw detection. Useful information, including the range of frequency and bandwidth parameters of the flaw echoes, is also estimated. Based on this information, we propose a post-processing scheme for structure noise elimination and flaw detection. The capability of the proposed method is quantitatively evaluated by simulation studies and is further validated by the experimental data.     

Beam shaping to enhance zero group velocity Lamb mode generation in a composite plate and nondestructive testing application

Zero group velocity (ZGV) Lamb modes have already shown their potential in nondestructive testing applications as they are sensitive to the sample structural characteristics. In this paper, we first consider an aluminum sample to validate a method based on the beam shaping of the generation laser. This method is proven to enhance ZGV Lamb modes in aluminum, and then advantageously applied to a composite material plate. Finally, based on the proposed method, scanning the sample over healthy and flawed zones demonstrates the ability to detect subsurface flaws.     

Enhanced Ferroelectric Phase Stability and High Temperature Piezoelectricity in PN Ceramics via Multisite Co‐Doping

The tungsten bronze‐type lead metaniobate (PbNb₂O₆, PN) is a promising material for high‐temperature piezoelectric devices, while its application is limited by the difficulty in fabrication. In this study, the microstructure and electrical properties of Ca‐doped PN and Ca, Mn‐co‐doped PN ceramics sintered at different temperatures were investigated. Doping promoted the formation of the originally metastable ferroelectric orthorhombic phase. This might be partly attributed to the increased lattice distortion of the orthorhombic phase in the doped samples compared to that reported for pure PN. However, in single A‐site Ca‐doped PN the ferroelectric orthorhombic structure showed a low stability and started to transform to paraelectric phase far below 300°C, resulting in unstable high temperature piezoelectric properties. Interestingly, such a phase transition was completely depressed by A‐site Ca and multisite Mn‐co‐doping, which also improved the piezoelectric performance (d₃₃ = 71 pC/N) and thermal stability in both structure and piezoelectricity. The better stability and performance of the co‐doped samples were explained by the improved sintering behavior and poling efficiency as well as its ability to occupy different sites in the TTB lattice.     

声相关计程仪检测技术

声相关计程仪(Acoustic Correlation Log,ACL)检测技术用于对ACL在陆上进行功能检测。阐述了检测技术原理、检测方案以及检测平台的设计与实现。采用声呐阵对接检测的方案,可以连续对ACL完成一系列的检测。为了对70k Hz ACL进行功能检测,使用快速多通道并行的A/D、D/A模块,基于运行在PXI控制器的WINDOWS平台,开发了微软基础类库(Microsoft Foundation Classes,MFC)框架下的检测软件,搭建了完整有效的可视化检测平台。该检测平台可以完成对70 k Hz ACL的在载体功能检测,包括发射通道检测、接收通道检测以及串口输出检测等主要功能检测。检测平台使用便捷,性能稳健。经实验室测试证明,检测方案具备可行性,检测平台具有实用性。     

PEAQ在扬声器异常音检测中的应用

扬声器异常音作为产品音质好坏的一种具体表现形式,其检测问题也属于音质评价的一方面。故本文借鉴国际电信联盟推荐的音频质量感知评价算法PEAQ(Perceptual Evaluation of Audio Quality)的实现原理,将其中的人耳听觉模型应用在扬声器的异常音检测中。取标准扬声器样品的声信号作为参考信号,待测扬声器的声信号作为待测信号,两个信号通过人耳听觉模型逐帧处理后,计算得到信号感知差异曲线,用以区分异常音样品。人耳听觉模型包括了中外耳频率加权、听觉滤波器分组、添加内部噪声以及掩蔽效应模拟。将本文所述方法与人工听音以及国际通用的高阶谐波检测扬声器异常音的方法做了比较,实验室检测结果验证了该方法的可行性。     

基于共生特性的G.729A基音调制信息隐藏的检测

提出了一种G.729A自适应码本分组基音调制信息隐藏的检测算法.对语音码流的分析发现,通过基音预测进行信息隐藏将改变相邻语音帧中基音周期估计值的共生特性.通过量化这种共生特性,并经过PCA(Principal Component Analysis,主成分分析)降维获得对隐写检测敏感的特征向量.最后基于特征向量和SVM (Support Vector Machine,支持向量机)构建隐写检测器.对不同语音样本数据集的检测表明,当语音长度在2s及以上时,检测正确率均超过96%.此检测算法是一种有效的压缩域信息隐藏检测方法.     

基于脉冲响应的厅堂响度评价参量

【摘要】：厅堂响度是厅堂音质的重要参量。基于厅堂脉冲响应能量的强度因子G作为厅堂响度客观评价参量,由于未考虑人耳的听觉特性与主观响度不一致。本文基于Moore时变响度模型计算了厅堂脉冲响应的响度,以厅堂脉冲响应的最大响度值作为厅堂响度参量,并分析了其在实际厅堂中的分布。     

一种改进的扬声器异常音快速检测方法

扬声器生产过程中,所有厂商都希望在装配流水线上快速生产出高质量的扬声器产品。扬声器的“异常音(Rub Buzz)”检测显得格外重要,目前生产厂家仍然以主观听音为主——依赖扫频仪,通过人工纯音检听进行判断,导致“异常音(Rub Buzz)”的判断标准因人而异的局面未能改善。虽然国内外也生产出一些异常音检测设备,但是检测速度慢、误判率高、价格昂贵等致命缺陷,至今扬声器生产厂家仍然将这一具有先进性的客观判断测量设备拒之门外。