In Situ Hydroxyapatite Synthesis Enhances Biocompatibility of PVA/HA Hydrogels

Bone tissue engineering tries to simulate natural behavior of hard tissues. This study aimed to produce scaffolds based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and hyaluronic acid (HA) with hydroxyapatite (HAp) incorporated in two different ways, by in situ synthesis and physical mixing of pre-prepared HAp. In situ synthesis resulted in calcium deficient form of HAp with lower crystallinity. The proliferation of human osteoblast-like cells MG-63 proved to be better in the scaffolds with in situ synthesized HAp compared to those with physically mixed pre-prepared HAp. For scaffolds with PVA/HA/HAp ratio 3:1:2, there was significantly higher initial adhesion (p = 0.0440), as well as the proliferation in the following days (p < 0.001). It seemed to be advantageous improve the properties of the scaffold by in situ synthesizing of HAp directly in the organic matrix.     

Biomimetic synthesis of hierarchical crystalline hydroxyapatite fibers in large-scale

Crystalline hierarchical hydroxyapatite [Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂, HAp)] fibers were successfully synthesized via a biomimetic route by using cotton cloth as a natural bio-template. The effects of pH value, aging time, ultrasonic cleaning time, and calcination temperature on the purity and morphology of the resulting hydroxyapatite (HAp) were monitored by scanning election microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and infrared spectrophotometer (IR) to obtain an optimized reaction condition, namely, pH 9, ultrasonic cleaning for 1 min, aging for 24 h, and calcination at 600 °C for 4 h. We found that the natural cellulose could not only control the morphology of HAp but also lower its phase transformation temperature. The impact of this method lies in its low cost and successful production of large-scale patterning of three-dimensional hierarchical HAp fibers.     

CKY-200型土工离心机主机电气系统研制

土工离心机是离心模型试验的重要设备,可为离心模型试验提供过载环境平台。论述了CKY-200型土工离心机主机电气系统的工作原理、基本配置及实现方法。电气系统由拖动系统、静态数采系统、摄影系统、摄像系统、动平衡系统等组成。拖动系统采用全数字直流调速方式,系统对外电网波动、负载变化和其它扰动能进行快速补偿;影响离心机运行安全的参数均进入启动联锁电路,其采用PLC控制,使得检测点与控制点集中,便于故障检测及维修,主控柜布线更加简洁;转速测量与控制采用了光电编码器,保证了转速的测量精度和系统的调节精度,其中“跟踪与保持”功能的设置,有利于离心机长时间运行;数据采集方面,测量传感器与采集模块之间采用多种方式对接,为使用者提供了灵活的接线方式;摄影系统采用定点高速闪光摄影方式。测试结果表明：该离心机的调速精度高;数据采集性能稳定、可靠;能够稳定可靠地拍摄离心模型的动态清晰、完整图像;能实时监测不平衡力,根据不平衡力大小可执行相应的控制策略;安全保护措施完善;48 h满载无故障可靠运行。     

MIMO随机振动试验频响估计中激励和响应的同步方法

频响函数估计是多输入多输出随机振动试验控制算法中的必要环节。在振动环境试验中,通常不采集振动台的实际激励信号,而用实测的响应信号和计算机内存中的激励信号来进行系统频响函数估计。由于计算机内存中的激励信号与实际振动台上的激励信号之间在相位上存在着差异,从而导致实测的响应信号和计算机内存中的激励信号不同步。这给系统频响函数的估计带来了较大困难。为此,根据线性系统中激励和响应之间的关系,结合随机减量法,提出了一种二次相关法用于系统频响函数的估计。用该方法进行频响函数估计只需要采集响应信号。在三轴振动台上进行了对比试验,结果验证了本文所提出的二次相关法的正确性。     

惯性边界下带钢的非线性振动分析

根据连轧机轧制过程中带钢与轧辊的运动机理,将相邻两机架间的带钢简化为轴向运动的Euler梁,轧辊简化为定轴转动的惯性元件,建立Euler梁在惯性边界下的非线性振动力学模型。基于哈密顿原理建立轴向运动Euler梁的纵向和横向非线性振动微分方程,利用Kantorovich时间平均法简化运动方程和边界条件,并采用修正迭代法求解运动方程。最后通过数值计算获得了Euler梁非线性振动的幅频响应曲线,并讨论惯性边界条件下的轴向运动速度、长度和轧辊的转动惯量对Euler梁振动特性的影响。研究结果可为控制和分析连轧过程中带钢垂直振动提供重要的理论参考。     

高抗冲聚苯乙烯多处银纹化RVE模拟

通过在代表性体积胞元(RVE)中嵌入内聚力面,建立了基于连续损伤力学的高抗冲聚苯乙烯多处银纹化细观机理模型。采用Quads准则作为内聚力面失效判据,引入材料刚度退化模型,利用非线性有限元方法研究了在单向拉伸载荷下高抗冲聚苯乙烯中银纹的萌生、生长和断裂过程及其规律。数值分析结果与实验中观察到的现象吻合较好,表明了本模型描述的内聚力面模拟银纹化过程的合理性。     

高抗冲聚苯乙烯银纹化渐进损伤三维模拟

针对高抗冲聚苯乙烯,本文建立了细观单胞结构三维模型,引入周期性边界条件,采用非线性有限元法,研究了在单向拉伸载荷下银纹化损伤过程。采用最大主应力准则作为银纹化损伤判据,通过受损单元积分点刚度矩阵的折减实现材料力学性能的退化,运用材料的应力-应变曲线预测了其力学性能。数值结果与相关文献模拟结果吻合,表明本文损伤预测三维模型的合理有效性。     

Dependence of carbon dioxide sorption on the petrographic composition of bituminous coals from the Czech part of the Upper Silesian Basin, Czech Republic

The effect of the rank and of the maceral composition of bituminous coal on carbon dioxide sorption capacity was studied on the basis of samples from two coal mines (Darkov, ?SM) from the Czech part of the Upper Silesian Basin. The samples from the two mines cover a small but very significant section of coalification within the transition zone between high-volatile bituminous A coal and medium-volatile bituminous coal, where porosity and sorption properties pass through their minima. The coal porous system was characterized by the micropore volume evaluated using the sorption isotherm of carbon dioxide and the volumes of meso-, macro- and coarse pores were determined by high-pressure mercury porosimetry. The micropore fraction in the coal porous system ranged between 53% and 75%. It was particularly high in coals with high vitrinite content, namely collotelinite, and also in coals with high inertinite content. The carbon dioxide sorption capacity was determined from the carbon dioxide sorption isotherms measured using a gravimetric sorption analyzer at 298 K until a relative pressure of 0.015 p/p_s, and was interpreted by characteristic parameters of the Dubinin and Langmuir equations. It was found that the adsorbed amount of CO₂ in the ?SM coal increases with the content of vitrinite and collotelinite, whereas no increase or only a slight increase was observed for the Darkov coal. The tendency of adsorption capacity to depend on maceral composition, and also to some extent on coalification, observed for the ?SM coal, may be related to higher microporosity due to the coalification process or oxidative processes leading to the formation of pseudovitrinite.     

Transition zone studies of new-to-old concrete with different binders

The weak transition zone between new and old concrete controls many properties of repaired concrete. The transition zone between aggregates and cement pastes of normal concrete has been studied by a number of researchers. But to date, there is little information available about the interfacial zone between new and old concrete. In this paper, major properties of the transition zone between new and old concrete with different binders were studied by using both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The bond strength was also investigated. The test results show that the binder is a vital factor, which affects the morphology (size and shape), mineralogy and the microstructure of the transition zone in repaired concrete.