涡轮桨变速搅拌槽内湍流混合的实验研究

以NaCl颗粒在水中的溶解为例,对湍流状态下周期性变速旋转的（改变桨叶转向或速度大小,分别称为周期性换向搅拌和周期性依时搅拌）Rushton桨搅拌槽内的混合特性进行了实验研究,并与稳速搅拌进行了对比。实验过程中测量了不同搅拌模式、不同桨叶安装高度时颗粒的溶解时间,结果证明,搅拌槽底部的流型对NaCl的溶解有重要影响;桨叶安装高度对溶解速度的影响不大,周期性依时搅拌时的溶解时间比稳速搅拌时稍短,而周期性换向搅拌则能明显加快溶解速度,提高混合效率。     

Mold deformation in soft UV-nanoimprint lithography

UV-nanoimprint lithography (UV-NIL) using a soft mold is a promising technique with low cost and high throughput for producing the submicron scale large-area patterns. However, the deformations of the soft mold during imprinting process which can cause serious consequences have to be understood for the practical application of the process. This paper investigated the deformation of the soft mold by theoretical analyses, numerical simulations, and experimental studies. We simulated the mold deformation using a simplified model and finite element method. The simulation and the related experimental results agree well with each other. Through the investigation, the mechanism and affected factors of the mold deformation are revealed, and some useful conclusions have been achieved. These results will be valuable in optimizing the imprinting process conditions and mold design for improving the quality of transferred patterns.     

A synthetical development approach for rehabilitation assistive smart product–service systems: A case study

Digital transformation (DT), the combination of information, computing, communication and connectivity technologies, which has triggered an effective upgrade of different aspects of market strategy, customer experience etc. Nowadays, rehabilitation assistive devices (RADs) are evolving to be more digital, intelligent and personalized. Digitalization and servitization have fostered to an emerging business model—the smart product–service system (Smart PSS). Therefore, DT of the RADs’ industry advocates not only the design of products and functions, the more important is the management of service processes and resource integration. With the increase in the elderly and disabled population, the requirement for RADs is becoming more urgent. However, research on Smart PSS for RAD is still limited. The rehabilitation assistive smart product–service systems (RASPSS) was introduced into the development of RADs based on the “Design and Management of DT” strategy through the service design of assistive devices and user requirements analysis. Further, an integrated design of RAD and Smart PSS has been created, a development method of RASPSS proposed, the theoretical model of the Smart PSS based on RADs built. To specify the service framework, this case study discusses the development of a home rehabilitation assistive system for femoral stem fracture patients. This paper evaluates the usability of the system, the results of which prove usability and effectiveness of the RASPSS development method. The RASPSS development model is designed to meet needs of stakeholders, improve the user rehabilitation experience, promote the service innovation of Smart PSS, bring certain market benefits of rehabilitation aids and create social value.     

Review:Mg and Its Alloy——Scope, Future Perspectives and Recent Advancements in Welding and Processing

镁/镁合金焊接与加工的最新进展与未来展望

Sachin Kumar,武传松

（山东大学 材料科学与工程学院,济南 250061）

中文说明：

该文非常详细地综述了镁及镁合金的生产、加工及焊接的研究现状。尤其是在镁合金焊接部分,作者比较详细地阐述了熔化焊、激光焊、固相焊及钎焊等方法在镁合金焊接中的研究现状、存在问题与发展动向。该文对于镁合金焊接研究人员具有重要的参考价值。

关键词：镁;镁合金;加工;焊接;连接;最新进展

     

ＴＢＭ隧道下穿市政桥梁施工变形规律研究

针对ＴＢＭ不同角度下穿既有结构,对既有结构产生的扰动问题,依托青岛地铁１号线海泊桥站到小村庄站区间ＴＢＭ隧道下穿市政桥梁工程,利用ＦＬＡＣ３Ｄ数值模拟分析软件与现场施工监测相结合的方法,建立相应的三维地质力学模型,研究双线ＴＢＭ隧道施工对既有桥梁结构的受力特征与变形规律,揭示ＴＢＭ隧道下穿市政桥梁施工变形规律。计算结果表明:ＴＢＭ下穿会导致既有桥面板向上隆起,左线隧道开挖引起的桥面板隆起值要远远大于右线开挖;当左线隧道开挖到桥梁跨中时,桥头与桥尾隆起量最大,最大值约４．６３ｍｍ;新建隧道下穿既有结构尽量采用小角度下穿,避免既有结构发生大变形。     

基于NASA观测数据的风电出力时空分布及波动特性分析

为克服实际风电场运行数据难以获取的问题,提出一种基于历史风速的风资源评估方法。首先,基于美国NASA(National aeronautics and space administration)数据中心获取风速数据,并利用假想风电机组模型转化为风机出力时间序列;然后,通过对时间序列的统计分析,计算期望、半载概率等指标评估风电出力的时空分布特性;最后,通过计算风电出力方差和分析相邻峰谷点差值概率分布规律分析风电出力的波动特性。所提方法能够同时考虑风资源自然特性和风电机组特性,且能对风电波动特性提供定量描述。利用所提方法对山东省风资源的评估结果表明:山东省可利用风能资源随地区、季节和昼夜的变化呈现出明显规律。     

砂土地基上圆形浅基础三维破坏包络面的理论研究

对砂土地基上圆形浅基础在竖向荷载V 、水平荷载 H 及力矩 M 复合加载条件下的承载力进行了系统的三维有限元分析。在分析中,砂土假定为纯摩擦材料,遵循基于 Mohr-Coulomb 破坏准则的理想弹塑性本构关系。首先,对圆形浅基础的竖向承载力进行了有限元计算,并与滑移线解法进行了对比,两种方法所得结果比较吻合。进而探讨了砂土内摩擦角对于基础在 V-H 、V-M荷载平面与V-H-M 三维荷载空间内的破坏包络轨迹的影响。计算结果表明,与不排水情况下软黏土地基上基础破坏包络面相比,砂土地基上圆形浅基础的破坏包络面形状有较大差异,但V-H 和V-M 平面内的破坏包络面形状仍具有较好的归一化特性。基于有限元计算结果,建立了圆形浅基础在V-H-M 三维荷载空间内的破坏包络面方程,该方程可用来合理评价复合加载条件下砂土地基上圆形浅基础的整体稳定性。     

离散时间H∞性能下界研究方法

为了缩小二分法求解最优H∞性能的搜索范围,降低搜索代价,采用状态空间分析法,提出了一种获取H∞性能下界的方法．与一般方法不同,根据此方法所得的下界仅跟H₂ Riccati方程的解有关,而不被卷入该Riccati方程的计算．因此,下界的获取简单．不仅如此,该方法还能揭示最优性能与H∞性能(包括最优控制与H∞控制,最优估计与H∞估计)间的区别和联系、分析多扰动通道对H∞性能的影响以及可预演扰动的有效利用对H∞性能的改善．     

Surface resistivity of carbonaceous fiber/PTFE antistatic coatings

Abstract： PAN （Polyacrylonitrile）-based carbonaceous fibers were prepared at the heat treatment temperature （HTT） range of 650 to 900 ℃. The relationships among HTT, carbon content and volume resistivity of the carbonaceous fibers were investigated. The carbonaceous fibers/PTFE （Polytetrafluoroethylene） antistatic coatings were prepared by the spraying technology and the effects of carbonaceous fibers and pigments on surface resistivity of the coatings were systematically discussed. Micrographs provide insight into the antistatic mechanism of the coating. The results show that carbon content of the carbonaceous fibers increases from 68.8% to 74.8% （mass fraction） and the volume resistivity decreases drastically from 1.94× 10^-3 to 8.27× 10 ^-2.cm. The surface resistivity of the antistatic coating is adjustable between 10^5 and 10^8Ω2 to fit the different antistatic materials. Static is dissipated by a conductive network of short fibers and the tunneling effect between the neighboring fibers and conductive pigments. Conductive pigments make the conductive network more perfect and improve the antistatic ability, but insulating pigments acting as barriers for the formation of conductive channel increases the surface resistivity of the coatings. The influence of pigments on the surface resistivity drops gradually with the decrease of the carbonaceous fibers volume resistivity.     

车辆—路面空间耦合振动模型及其动力响应分析

为准确模拟行驶车辆作用下刚性路面的动力响应,建立车辆—路面空间耦合振动精细化分析模型。车辆采用质点—弹簧—阻尼器空间整车模型,混凝土刚性路面采用弹性地基板有限元模型,采用改进的谐波叠加法考虑路面平整度的三维空间分布,利用车轮和路面的位移协调方程将车辆振动和路面振动联立求解。实例分析表明,所建立的车—路耦合振动模型能够真实地反映车辆和路面间的空间几何耦合关系和力学耦合关系;在三维路面不平度的激励下,车辆和路面的动态响应均表现出明显的空间分布特性;与瞬态动力分析方法相比,利用考虑路面不平度空间分布的车—路耦合振动模型对混凝土路面进行车辆动力响应分析时,路面弯沉和板底应力有明显增大。