不同干燥方式对白玉菇品质的影响

以新鲜白玉菇为原料,通过测定其营养成分、色泽、复水比、感官评定、质构测定以及微观结构测定,研究热风变温干燥,真空冷冻干燥,红外恒温干燥3种干燥方式对其品质的影响。结果表明:相对于热风变温干燥组和红外恒温干燥组,真空冷冻干燥组的白玉菇样品样品营养成分最高,蛋白质和多糖含量分别为221.16mg/g和74.25mg/g。同时,真空冷冻干燥组的复水比、色泽、感官评定和质构特性最好,电镜结果表明真空冷冻干燥组的样品组织结构完整性最好。综合比较,真空冷冻干燥是3种干燥方式中最理想的干燥方式。     

Interface engineering towards low temperature in-situ densification of SOFC

Electrolyte densification, which is often realized by high temperature sintering (i.e. >1000 °C), is an essential process for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). However, it is hard to achieve interfaces with high ionic conductivity because the interfaces between particles would be greatly eliminated during the sintering process. In this study, a novel interface engineering method is designed basing on capillary action to densify the electrolyte and at the meantime achieve ionic conductive interfaces at low temperature. A porous electrolyte layer is found to become dense during fuel cell operation when alkali metal hydroxide (AMH) is added to the NiO anode. The observation of improved open circuit voltage (OCV) indicates gas leakage has been eliminated after AMH modification. Raman images confirm that AMHs can be absorbed into the electrolyte layer when the operating temperature is higher than the melting point of AMH. In addition, using a lithiated metal oxide (i.e. LiNiO₂) as the anode, cell performance is further improved. EIS proves that the existing of AMH in the cell may affect gas diffusion in the electrode, but it significantly reduces ohmic resistance due to better interfacial ionic conductivity of the electrolyte. This in-situ electrolyte densification method not only enables us to simplify fuel cell fabrication process and lower the fabrication temperature but also provides ways for maintaining interface conductivity.     

Rechargeable lithium battery employing a new ambient temperature hybrid polymer electrolyte based on PVK+PVdF–HFP (copolymer)

We describe here for the first time, our recent success in developing an ambient temperature Li⁺ conducting solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) using the concept of polymer alloying upon blending two thermoplastic polymers such as poly(vinylidene) fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVdF–HFP-copolymer) and poly(N-vinylcarbazole), PVK and achieved the room temperature electrolytic conductivity (σ_i) of 0.7×10⁻³ S/cm for a typical composition of PVdF–HFP copolymer/PVK blend mixed with EC/LiBF₄ molar composition. The ionic transference number of 0.49 was deduced from combined ac-impedance and dc polarization method. High-resolution optical microscopic examination revealed the disappearance of characteristic highly porous surface structure of PVdF–HFP matrix upon blending with PVK leading to the formation of resultant PVdF–HFP/PVK blend polymer alloy. The electrochemical stability of the polymer electrolyte membrane thus obtained was found to be stable up to ∼4.7 V versus Li/Li⁺. The new hybrid alloy polymer electrolyte membrane was found to exhibit good interfacial properties against lithium metal and thus, it was found to aid the room temperature operation as electrolytic membrane cum separator in all-solid state rechargeable lithium polymer test cell, LiCo_0.8Ni_0.2O₂/SPE/Li.     

新化合物氟氧虫酰胺悬浮剂高效液相色谱方法的分析

建立新化合物氟氧虫酰胺的高效液相色谱分析方法,使用紫外检测器、C18液相色谱柱,以甲醇和水为流动相,在紫外检测波长250 nm条件下对其进行定性定量分析。结果表明,方法的相对标准偏差为0.27%,回收率在97.1%～105.6%之间,线性相关系数为0.999 8。     

原辅料添加顺序对乳化型香肠品质的影响

对5 种原辅料不同添加顺序生产的乳化型香肠的持水性、质构特性(感官评定和机械测定,其中机械测定包括TPA 压缩和W-B 剪切)和微观结构进行研究。结果表明：按照瘦肉蛋白提取后和脂肪的乳化体混合斩拌,最后拌制调味料、淀粉、剩余冰水的顺序生产的乳化型香肠的持水性、质构特性和微观结构都最好,TPA 压缩法和W-B 剪切测试多重比较结果均呈显著差异性。     

保持图像亮度的改进双直方图均衡算法

基于能保持亮度的双直方图均衡算法,提出了一种改进方法。根据输出图像的熵和输入输出图像的亮度均值差,选择合适的阈值将图像分割成两个子图,分别进行均衡和灰度均匀化处理,使得输出图像的亮度均值和原图接近的同时输出图像的熵尽可能大,并避免了过增强现象的出现。实验结果证明该处理方法能取得较好的增强效果。     

铁掺杂氧化锌纳米晶的制备及光催化性能研究

通过水热法制备了铁掺杂氧化锌纳米晶,采用红外、X射线衍射（XRD）、可见光谱对其进行了表征,并以铁掺杂纳米氧化锌对亚甲基蓝进行催化降解实验来检验其催化降解性能,结果表明当Fe^＋／ZnO纳米晶浓度为1．0mol／L、亚甲基蓝质量浓度为5mg／L、太阳光照射3h时,甲基橙降解效果最好,降解率达90％以上。     

POTDR振动传感系统的数据处理与分析方法

偏振敏感光时域反射仪(POTDR)可用于检测光纤中背向传输瑞利散射信号里由振动引起的偏振态变化信息。立足于将基于偏振敏感光时域反射仪的全分布式振动传感器开发成一个便捷的测量仪器,研究了偏振敏感分布式振动光纤振动传感实验系统的数据处理与分析方法,重点研究了数字平均降噪和小波降噪以提高系统的响应实时性和信噪比。研究上述方法下系统的信噪比、响应时间、振幅分辨率、频率分辨率等参数所能达到的精度。研究结果表明使用时域波形平均的方法和小波降噪的方法均可大幅提高系统信噪比。系统实现了14 km的分布式振动传感,在1.26 s的时间响应下达到1 Hz的频率分辨率,系统信噪比达10 d B。