灵芝多糖对CCl_4诱导的急性肝损伤小鼠的抗炎和保肝活性

目的:研究灵芝多糖对CCl_4诱导的急性肝损伤模型小鼠的抗炎和保肝作用,并探讨其可能机理。方法:小鼠随机均分为6组,即空白对照组,急性肝损伤模型组(体积分数0.1%的CCl_4溶液,20 m L/(kg·d)),灵芝多糖低、中、高剂量组(50、100、150 mg/(kg·d),以体质量计,下同)、联苯双酯组(100 mg/(kg·d))。1周后测定小鼠的体质量、肝质量和肝指数;测定血清中谷丙转氨酶(alanine transferase,ALT)和谷草转氨酶(aspartate transferase,AST)活力及总胆红素(total bilirubin,TBIL)水平;测定肝组织中丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)和还原型谷胱甘肽(glutathione-SH,GSH)水平及一氧化氮合酶(nitric oxide synthase,NOS)活力;测定血清及肝组织炎性因子白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-1β、IL-18、IL-6及肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor,TNF)-α水平;Western blot法测定肝组织中NOD样受体3(NOD-like receptor 3,NLRP3)、凋亡相关微粒蛋白(apoptosisassociated speck-like protein containing CARD,ASC)及胱冬肽酶-1(caspase-1)蛋白表达水平。结果:与空白对照组相比,CCl_4显著提高急性肝损伤模型组小鼠的肝质量和肝指数(P0.05),提高血清ALT和AST活力及TBIL水平,表明造模成功,并且提高IL-1β、IL-18、IL-6、TNF-α水平,提高肝组织MDA、IL-1β水平及NOS活力,提高肝组织NLRP3、ASC及caspase-1的蛋白表达水平,显著降低肝组织GSH水平(P0.05)。与模型组相比,灵芝多糖及联苯双酯显著降低小鼠肝质量和肝指数(P0.05)、降低血清ALT和AST活力及TBIL、IL-1β、IL-18、IL-6、TNF-α水平,降低肝组织MDA、IL-1β水平及NOS活力,下调肝组织NLRP3、ASC及caspase-1的蛋白表达水平,改善肝组织形态学病变,显著提高肝组织GSH水平(P0.05)。结论:灵芝多糖对CCl_4所致急性肝损伤小鼠具有抗炎和保肝作用,其机制可能与抑制自由基脂质过氧化、抑制炎性因子活化及NOS活性有关。     

In-situ construction of Mn–Fe mixed oxides nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide with superior lithium storage property

In this paper, porous Mn₃O₄–Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles with highly uniform composition are in-situ anchored on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets by a simple cyanometallic framework template method. Thanks to the synergistic effects between the porous Mn₃O₄–Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and the well-conductive rGO nanosheets, the Mn₃O₄–Fe₃O₄/rGO composites present superior electrochemical lithium storage performances with a great reversible capacity of 1013 mAh g^?1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g^?1, satisfactory rate capability of 510 mAh g^?1 at 3.0 A g^?1, and eminent long-term cycle stability of 804 mAh g^?1 after 500 cycles at 0.5 A g^?1. It is demonstrated that the rGO can not only act as a conducting matrix, but also buffer the volume expansion and avoid the aggregation of the Mn₃O₄–Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles during charging-discharging. The work provides a simple strategy for designing and fabricating advanced multi-component metal oxide-based anodes for high-performance lithium-ion battery.     

Two novel Co(II)-based coordination polymers with hms and pcu nets: syntheses,structures and properties

Two new Co(II)-based coordination polymers, [Co(HL)(H₂O)₂] (1) and [Co(HL)(bpy)]·H₂O (2) (H₃L = 5-((4-carboxyphenoxy)methyl)benzene-1,3-dioic acid, bpy = 4,4′-bipyridine), have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. The two compounds have been characterized by single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction analyses, infrared analyses, elemental analyses and thermogravimetric analyses. Compound 1 shows a 3D 2-fold interpenetrating hms framework, whereas compound 2 reveals a typical 3D pcu net. The UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra of compounds 1 and 2 have been investigated. Moreover, the magnetic susceptibilities of compounds 1 and 2 have been studied.     

新型稀土超分子发光配合物的合成及其性质研究

利用配体桥联[Ru(bpy)2]2+和Ln(TTA)3单元合成稳定的双核配合物,并通过元素分析、红外光谱和荧光进行了性质表征.     

谈三本《化工原理》的教学方法

结合三本学生的特点和《化工原理》课程的重要性和专业性,从上好绪论课、精炼教学内容入手,运用探究式、类比式、启发式、归纳式、互动式等教学方法,调动学生的学习兴趣,激发学生的潜能,师生共同努力提高了化工原理课程的教学效果。     

Shifting mechanisms in the initial stage of dye photodegradation by hollow TiO2 nanospheres

Hollow TiO₂ (HT) sphere aggregates were prepared using carbon spheres as templates. The photocatalytic activity of HT was determined by degradation of two nitrogen-containing dyes, methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO). The adsorption isotherms and the photocatalytic degradation kinetics of the two dyes were studied and compared using different concentrations of dyes for the pure, isopropanol-added, and KI-added systems. Isopropanol was used as a OH^? radical scavenger, while KI was added as a valance band hole scavenger. The results showed that the reaction mechanism of the photocatalytic process of MB was first governed by OH^? radicals, and then by valence band holes, whereas holes played a major role in the whole photodegradation process of MO. The photocatalytic adsorption constant K _V has a positive correlation with the reaction constant k _ov in all systems. The photodegradation efficiencies of the dyes were discussed considering the surface characteristics of HT and the structure of the dyes with different catalyst loads (0.25–2 g L^?1) and under different pH (3–10) conditions. Compared with solid TiO₂, HT exhibited enhanced performance in photocatalytic degradation of both MB and MO.     

响应面法优化芦蒿叶总黄酮的提取工艺

以芦蒿叶为原料提取黄酮类物质。在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应曲面法研究提取温度、乙醇溶液体积分数、料液比和提取时间对芦蒿叶总黄酮得率的影响,并建立该工艺的二次多项式模型。结果表明:回归模型具有高度显著性,可对芦蒿叶总黄酮得率进行有效分析和合理预测;各因素对得率的影响大小顺序依次为提取时间>乙醇溶液体积分数>料液比>提取温度;有机溶剂回流提取芦蒿叶总黄酮的最佳工艺条件为乙醇溶液体积分数70%、提取温度80℃、料液比1:100(g/mL)、提取时间180min,在此条件下总黄酮得率为6.58%。     

Heterostructure and phase engineering synergistically activated highly efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution in Mo2C/MoS2-rGO hybrids

Heterostructure and phase engineering are effective method to tune the electronic structure of MoS₂, which can activate and boost its intrinsic catalytic activity. Herein, the theoretical calculations reveal that the free energy of H1 adsorption (ΔG_H1) for Mo₂C (−0.65 eV) is lower than MoS₂ (2.05 eV), which is favorable for hydrogen adsorption. Inspired by the theoretical predictions, we develop a facile strategy to prepare nanostructured Mo₂C/MoS₂ dispersed on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) via a hydrothermal preparation and carburization reaction. Since the Mo₂C/MoS₂-rGO nanostructures with great deal of both MoS₂ and Mo₂C edges by heterostructure and phase engineering, which can induce massive active sites for HER on the surface of rGO, the intimate interfacial coupling effect between Mo₂C and MoS₂ can effectively improve the charge transfer rate. The Mo₂C/MoS₂-rGO catalyst exhibits exceptional HER properties, delivering a high turnover frequency (TOF) of 0.209 s⁻¹ at an overpotential of 200 mV in 0.1 M KOH. This work may open a new window for designing NPM electrocatalysts with highly efficient HER property based on earth-abundant materials.     

微波辅助提取红豆蛋白的工艺研究

采用微波辅助提取红豆中蛋白质。在单因素试验的基础上,采用L9(34)正交试验设计,研究pH、微波功率、微波时间和固液比对红豆蛋白提取率的影响。结果表明,在各影响因素中,影响程度依次为:pH>固液比>微波时间>微波功率,微波辅助提取红豆蛋白的最佳工艺条件为:pH 10.0、固液比为1:25、微波时间3 min、微波功率100 W,在此条件下测得红豆蛋白提取率为93.56%。     

PCR法定性检测大豆食用油中转基因成分

针对大豆食用油中核酸含量低且被严重破坏、DNA难以提取的问题,对CTAB法进行优化,有效从食用油中提取到可用于PCR扩增反应的DNA模板。同时定性检测出大豆内源基因lectin,外源调控序列启动子CaMV35S、终止子Nos及目的基因CP4-EPSPS序列,成功建立了基于PCR技术在大豆食用油中快速检测转基因成分的方法。