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11.
《Fuel》2006,85(14-15):2187-2194
In this present investigation deccan hemp oil, a non-edible vegetable oil is selected for the test on a diesel engine and its suitability as an alternate fuel is examined. The viscosity of deccan hemp oil is reduced first by blending with diesel in 25/75%, 50/50%, 75/25%, 100/0% on volume basis, then analyzed and compared with diesel. Further blends are heated and effect of viscosity on temperature was studied. The performance and emission characteristics of blends are evaluated at variable loads of 0.37, 0.92, 1.48, 2.03, 2.58, 3.13 and 3.68 kW at a constant rated speed of 1500 rpm and results are compared with diesel. The thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), and brake specific energy consumption (BSEC) are well comparable with diesel, and emissions are a little higher for 25% and 50% blends. At rated load, smoke, carbon monoxide (CO), and unburnt hydrocarbon (HC) emissions of 50% blend are higher compared with diesel by 51.74%, 71.42% and 33.3%, respectively. For ascertaining the validity of results obtained, pure deccan hemp oil results are compared with results of jatropha and pongamia oil for similar works available in the literature and were well comparable. From investigation it has been established that, up to 25% of blend of deccan hemp oil without heating and up to 50% blend with preheating can be substituted for diesel engine without any engine modification. 相似文献
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Gan-Ji Huang Wu-Hua Chen 《International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems》2014,12(5):954-962
This paper revisits the problem of designing switched observers for switched linear systems with unknown inputs. By performing a state and output coordinates transformation that decouples the unknown input, a novel piecewise time-varying Lyapunov function is introduced to analyze the stability of the switched error dynamics. Compared with the existing time-invariant Lyapunov function method, the proposed time-varying Lyapunov function method is more suitable to exploit the structural characteristics of switched linear systems. New conditions are derived that guarantee the exponential stability of the switched error dynamics. These conditions are formulated in term of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). By solving a set of LMIs, the switched observers can be designed. Two numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. 相似文献
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分别从长桩和短桩作用机理两方面阐述了长短桩复合地基的作用机理。以刚性长桩和柔性短桩组合成的长短桩复合地基为例,对常用的长短桩复合地基承载力计算方法之面积加权法和分步叠加法进行了介绍和对比分析,得出两种方法计算结果的一致性,并通过工程实例进行了验证。对长短桩复合地基沉降计算方法之复合模量法和增大系数法进行了介绍,分析了两种计算方法产生误差的原因,给出了一个采用增大系数法计算长短桩复合地基沉降的工程实例,工程实例计算结果与实际观测结果较吻合。建议采用增大系数法计算长短桩复合地基沉降时有必要对加固区桩间土模量增大系数进行适当修正,修正系数的取值范围需通过对大量工程实例进行分析后确定。 相似文献
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针对特种污泥PCR-DGGE图谱的优化一直是微生物分子生态学研究的重点.在反硝化抑制硫酸盐还原菌的研究中,研究厌氧硫酸盐还原污泥和反硝化污泥DNA的提取方法,应用通用引物958F/1401R扩增16S rDNA序列,探讨不同的退火温度对DGGE指纹图谱多样性影响,同时采用时间进程法对DGGE图谱进行优化.结果表明,采用PBS洗涤污泥和超声震荡有利于硫酸盐还原污泥DNA提取;采用958F/1401R为引物时,扩增片段大约500 bp,不同的退火温度对DGGE指纹图谱的多样性影响不显著;采用时间进程法可以很好地再现不同电泳阶段对样品的分离效果,最佳变性剂梯度为40%~60%,在130 V电压下,最佳电泳时间为5 h. 相似文献
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Considering the decision-making variables of the capacities of branch roads and the optimization targets of lowering the saturation
of arterial roads and the reconstruction expense of branch roads, the bi-level programming model for reconstructing the branch
roads was set up. The upper level model was for determining the enlarged capacities of the branch roads, and the lower level
model was for calculating the flows of road sections via the user equilibrium traffic assignment method. The genetic algorithm
for solving the bi-level model was designed to obtain the reconstruction capacities of the branch roads. The results show
that by the bi-level model and its algorithm, the optimum scheme of urban branch roads reconstruction can be gained, which
reduces the saturation of arterial roads apparently, and alleviates traffic congestion. In the data analysis the arterial
saturation decreases from 1.100 to 0.996, which verifies the micro-circulation transportation’s function of urban branch road
network.
Foundation item: Project(2006CB705507) supported by the National Basic Research and Development Program of China; Project(20060533036) supported
by the Specialized Research Foundation for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China 相似文献
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对上市公司发布的文本信息披露进行分析是投资者了解公司经营状况、做出投资决策的重要途径,然而人工阅读和分析的方法存在效率低、成本高等问题。人工智能技术的发展则为文本信息的智能分析提供了契机,能够从海量企业文本数据中挖掘有价值的信息,充分发挥数据驱动的优势,大幅度提高分析效率,成为近些年的研究热点。对近十年关于上市公司文本信息披露智能分析的研究工作进行了总结,分别从文本信息披露的事件类型的研究现状、智能分析方法和应用场景三个方面进行了归纳,分析了该领域当前面临的挑战,最后根据现有方法的不足指出了未来可能的研究方向。 相似文献