Applying global sensitivity analysis to the modelling of flow and water quality in sewers

While several approaches for global sensitivity analysis (GSA) have been proposed in literature, only few applications exist in urban drainage modelling. This contribution discusses two GSA methods applied to a sewer flow and sewer water quality model: Standardised Regression Coefficients (SRCs) using Monte-Carlo simulation as well as the Morris Screening method. For selected model variables we evaluate how the sensitivities are influenced by the choice of the rainfall event. The aims are to i) compare both methods concerning the similarity of results and their applicability, ii) discuss the implications for factor fixing (identifying non-influential parameters) and factor prioritisation (identifying important parameters) and iii) rank the important parameters for the investigated model. It was shown that both methods lead to similar results for the hydraulic model. Parameter interactions and non-linearity were identified for the water quality model and the parameter ranking differs between the methods. For the investigated model the results allow a sound choice of output variables and rainfall events in view of detailed uncertainty analysis or model calibration. We advocate the simultaneous use of both methods for a first model assessment as they allow answering both factor fixing and factor prioritisation at low computational cost.     

Applicability of cement-based grout for ground heat exchanger considering heating-cooling cycles

The applicability of cement grout (or cement-based grout) has been considered as an alternative to bentonite grout commonly used to backfill closed-loop vertical ground heat exchangers. In a geothermal heat pump system, repeated heating-cooling cycles may cause adverse effects on the integrity of cement grout in the ground heat exchanger. To account for the temperature cycling effect, the strength degradation of cement grout due to temperature cycling has been examined by measuring the unconfined compressio...     

水泥加固软土的强度特征及微观结构分析

利用化学分析、电镜扫描分析和无侧限抗压强度等实验,研究了天然软土、室内的水泥土样品宏观及微观特征,得出结论:由于水泥的掺入,使土体易于压实,孔隙体积减小,且能生长出纤维状矿物,使密实度提高,从而提高土的强度.并且从微观分析研究了水泥土加固软土的作用机理,从微观角度解释了水泥土宏观强度特征及微观结构变化之间的关系.     

260 t转炉用双角度六孔氧枪的射流特性研究

通过CFD数值模拟研究了260 t转炉用双角度氧枪的倾角变化对射流偏移程度和融合距离的影响,比较了双角度六孔氧枪在喷孔倾角12°-15°～14°-17°下的射流特性,明确了双角度氧枪的射流偏移系数A。研究结果表明：对于双角度六孔氧枪的两股不同射流,倾角越大,射流偏移程度和融合距离越大;与射流偏移程度相比,喷孔倾角对融合距离的影响占主导地位;一组倾角相同时,另外一组倾角越大,融合距离越大,偏移程度越小,聚并现象发生得越晚,射流偏移系数A的变化范围在(3.38～4.12)×10^-3。     

共振柱试验机试验误差分析

针对常规土类试验和刚性试件试验,建立了固定-自由式共振柱试验机的动剪切模量误差、应变误差和阻尼比误差计算公式,得到了几种主要影响因素和其对试验误差影响程度的定量认识.分析发现:试件动剪切模量相对误差与测试频率本身标准值无关;试件类型的不同对动剪切模量相对误差的影响可忽略不计;对于常规试验,频率的相对误差和高度的相对误差对动剪切模量相对误差影响较大,同比条件下是其他参数的两倍;对于刚性试验,频率的相对误差和修正值的相对误差对动剪切模量相对误差影响较大;应变相对误差与试件类型无关,测试频率相对误差的影响较其他参数的影响大两倍;阻尼比相对误差是个很敏感的参数,对于常规试验小应变时误差较难控制,对于刚性试验误差控制难度更大.     

浅析IDS在局域网中的作用

信息化社会中,网络的重要性和对社会的影响性越来越大.与此同时,网络安全就成了网络发展的关键之所在.防火墙是网络安全的重要一环,但由于其自身机制的缺陷,IDS系统越来越成为对防火墙的必要的、有益的补充.     

An interactive implementation of IBM-PC for processing and simulation of photoacoustic spectrometer data

In this work we report the interfacing of our photoacoustic spectrometer (PAS) to an IBM-PC via the RS232 communication link. Data produced by the PAS system is transmitted, stored and processed by a developed software using Turbo Basic 1·1 and Turbo Pascal 3·0 programming languages. The software can produce many new graphical forms to display the PAS data. Options such as plotting quadrature vs. inphase and PAS signal vs. wave number or locating major peaks allowed us to compute some thin films' parameters accurately. A simulation equation for the PAS signal was developed and tested to calculate thickness of non-conductive thin films electrodeposited on conducting substrates. This equation can also be used to calculate the refractive indices of the thin films if the refractive indices of the substrates are known and vice versa.     

基于Sigma点全局迭代参数卡尔曼滤波的折线型本构模型参数识别

折线型本构模型控制参数少,物理意义明确,但其数学表达式复杂因而识别困难。针对折线型本构模型的参数识别,提出基于Sigma点变换的全局迭代参数卡尔曼滤波算法。所提方法以待识别参数作为状态向量,降低状态向量维度,减少计算量;基于Sigma点卡尔曼滤波避免求解雅克比(Jacobian)矩阵,实现非连续型函数本构模型的参数识别;通过设定目标函数进行全局迭代,以获得最优解。由于非线性系统下一时刻响应与历史路径有关,量测更新时由初始时刻计算到当前时刻。最后,在地震荷载下,将隔震支座系统简化为单自由度双线性模型,将桥墩简化为单自由度Takeda模型,根据该文所提出的方法理念,分别基于无迹卡尔曼滤波(unscented Kalman filter,UKF)、容积卡尔曼滤波(cubature Kalman filter,CKF)和球面单纯形径向容积正交卡尔曼滤波(spherical simplex-radial cubature quadrature Kalman filter,SSRCQKF)采样规则识别折线型本构模型参数。结果表明所提方法能够准确识别非线性参数,同时具有较强的鲁棒性,不同滤波器收敛过程及结果也有所差异。     

重力应激下心血管循环系统建模仿真研究进展

重力应激通过改变血液流体静压对人体心血管循环系统产生不利影响。了解心血管循环系统在不同重力应激下的工作机制,有利于建立合理有效的防护措施。总结了人体心血管循环系统的建模方法,回顾了适用于重力应激下的心血管循环系统模型的发展进程,阐述了重力变化对心血管循环系统影响的研究及应用现状,介绍了作者的研究成果,并指明了未来的研究发展方向。     

单模光纤耦合声发射传感器及其应用研究

根据声发射引起的扰动振动现象.提出采用单模光纤耦合器检测振动的声发射探测技术.单模光纤耦合传感器耦合输出与传感器耦合区长度和振动频率有确定的函数关系.分析和设计了熔锥耦合型单模光纤声发射振动传感器.搭建了相应的等强度悬臂梁振动监测及解调系统,通过与当前使用的压电振动传感器的室内实验,对比测试冲击信号和周期信号,验证了该传感器能有效实现振动扰动的检测.结合岩石试件破裂实验,进一步验证光纤耦合声发射振动传感器是能实现岩石声发射检测的一种新的检测技术方法.光纤耦合振动传感器以其灵敏度高,制作简单,抗干扰能力强,性价比高,使用简单等优点在其他光纤传感器和传统的电类传感器中,具有不可比拟的应用前景.