原位法制备碳纳米管/纳米SiO2改性丙烯酸树脂乳液的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了碳纳米管/纳米SiO2复合粒子,再用硅烷偶联剂KH570对其进行改性。采用原位乳液聚合技术,制备了碳纳米管/纳米SiO2改性的丙烯酸树脂乳液。研究了KH570改性MWCNTs/SiO2的用量对丙烯酸树脂乳液的稳定性、膜的力学性能及热性能的影响。结果表明:碳纳米管/纳米SiO2改性丙烯酸树脂乳液具有良好的稳定性;随着KH570改性MWCNTs/SiO2用量的增加,膜的抗张强度增大,与普通丙烯酸树脂相比,当其用量为0.04%时,抗张强度提高了34.2%,耐水性变好;当其用量为0.04%时,膜的综合性能最好。与普通丙烯酸树脂相比,碳纳米管/纳米SiO2改性丙烯酸树脂膜的耐热性明显提高。     

对位芳纶纤维成纸性能研究

本研究针对芳纶纤维的抄造特性,初步探讨了芳纶纤维的预处理、打浆性能与纤维微观形态对芳纶纸性能的影响。研究表明,芳纶短切纤维用十二烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)预处理后,可以明显改善其分散性能;芳纶浆粕纤维在槽式打浆机中进行打浆处理,在一定范围内,随着打浆度的提升,可以有效提升芳纶纸成纸性能。     

麦草浆碱回收绿液二氧化碳法除硅

针对麦草浆碱回收绿液硅含量高的问题,研究CO2除硅对绿液除硅率、SiO2颗粒粒径及沉降性能的影响。结果表明,除硅率随CO2通入时间的延长而升高,当通气时间为15min,除硅率达99%;温度升高对除硅率影响不大。CO2法除硅,硅颗粒的粒径随通气时间的延长缓慢上升,对应的比表面积减小;温度对硅颗粒的粒径影响较大,硅颗粒粒径随温度的升高明显减小,比表面积显著增大。沉降速度随通气时间的延长而加快,也随温度的升高明显加快;加入硫酸铝有利于硅渣的沉降。     

阴离子垃圾捕集剂对APMP浆成纸性能的影响

探讨聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)和聚合氯化铝(PAC)两种阴离子垃圾捕集剂对APMP浆阳离子需求量的影响,并研究APMP浆配抄文化用纸过程中,两种阴离子垃圾捕集剂与成纸施胶度、抗张指数、撕裂指数、耐破指数和内聚力等物理性能之间的关系。结果表明:PEI和PAC是两种有效的ATC,可有效中和阴离子垃圾的负电荷,但也有一部分被带负电的纤维所吸附。相对而言,PEI的使用效果明显优于PAC,PEI的用量以0.1%～0.2%为宜。PEI和PAC的使用可显著提高AKD的施胶效果,同时在一定程度上改善了纸张的抗张指数、耐破指数、撕裂指数和内聚力。其中,PEI对纸张施胶度和内聚力的改善效果要明显优于PAC,在其他三个强度指标上优势不明显。     

封端型阳离子水性聚氨酯纸张增强剂的制备与应用

通过预聚体分散法制备出封闭交联型阳离子聚氨酯(CBPU)纸张增强剂。探讨了CBPU封闭率、添加量对纸张力学性能的影响,并采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、动态激光光散射(DLS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对CBPU的分子结构、乳液粒径及纸张表面形貌进行了表征。结果表明,增加CBPU封闭率和添加量,能明显提高纸张的强度指标,尤其是湿抗张指数与湿强度。较佳CBPU封闭率与乳液添加量分别为10%及5%(占绝干浆量),此时纸张湿强度可达30·32%。产物分子结构中出现了叔胺基、咪唑环和氨基甲酸酯结构。乳液粒径随着封闭率的增加而增大。电子扫描观察可以看出,经聚氨酯处理后纸页纤维间出现较多丝状与薄膜状物质,从而增强了纤维间的连接。     

基于单片机的皮革压缩性能测量系统设计

介绍了一种基于单片机的皮革压缩性能计算机测控系统。详细介绍了该系统的硬件系统和软件设计,并分析了单片机的主程序和数据采集过程。该系统实现了实时控制,记录和处理皮革压缩过程中的各种参数。该系统具有一定的使用价值。     

食源性晚期糖基化终末产物对人体的健康危害研究进展

食源性晚期糖基化终末产物(Advanced Glycation End Products,AGEs)是指还原糖与蛋白质、核酸和脂质等大分子在非酶条件下发生美拉德反应作用生成的不可逆的共价化合物.研究表明,AGEs与人体的健康有密切联系,参与糖尿病及其并发症、阿尔兹海默症、肠道疾病等多种疾病的发生发展.本文将近年来AGE...     

Temperature-dependent growth of ZnO structures by thermal oxidation of Zn coatings electrodeposited on steel substrates and their photocatalytic activities

In this work, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures were successfully synthesized by thermal oxidation of zinc (Zn) coated steel substrates. Zn coatings were electrodeposited on the mild carbon steel sheet in the sulfate bath by DC current. The zinc coated samples were oxidized in air at distinct annealing temperatures between 400 °C and 800 °C. The phase structure and surface morphology of the ZnO films were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The photocatalytic activity of these ZnO layers was examined by means of decomposition of methylene blue (MB) aqueous solutions under UV lamp irradiation for various duration. The findings illustrated that annealing temperatures had a big effect on the morphology and structure of the ZnO layers. The annealed layers showed significantly enhanced photoactivity activity than the pure Zn layer under UV-irradiation. The sample with ZnO nanostructures oxidized at 800 °C exhibited a better photocatalytic degradation of MB than the other samples. This paper can provide an important contribution to the development of efficient photocatalysts for the solution of the environmental pollution problems.     

Regional microstructural characteristics between the body and glaze of ancient Chinese ceramics

Anorthite crystallization between the body and glaze of ancient ceramics has regional characteristics. According to the microstructural characteristics of the body and glaze, ancient Chinese ceramics can be mainly divided into four types: Yue kiln type, Longquan kiln type, Ding kiln type and Changsha kiln type. Anorthite crystallization is closely related to the elemental composition of the body and glaze. The microstructure of Minhou kiln ceramic chips shows that when the Al₂O₃ content of the body is high, fine feldspar crystals precipitated into the layer of molten glaze in contact with the body surface during firing. This unique microstructure can help identify some ceramics.     

The relationship between enhanced dielectric property and structural distortion in Ca doped Ba2NaNb5O15 tungsten bronze ceramics

The relationship between enhanced dielectric property and structural distortion in tungsten bronze structure ceramics was discussed in this work. The ceramics with the composition of (Ba_1-xCa_x)₂NaNb₅O₁₅ (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) were fabricated via conventional solid-state method. All ceramics were pure without secondary phase and the distinct lattice distortion in structure was testified by Rietveld XRD refinement. Compared with the un-doped composition, the maximum polarization and energy storage density were strongly enhanced according to the ferroelectric property measurements, which were contributed to the distortion of NbO₆ octahedron induced by the variation of ionic radius. The actually pulsed charge-discharge property of x = 0.3 ceramic was tested, whist excellent power density (P_D = 35.106 MV/cm³) and discharge energy density (W_d = 0.29 J/cm³) were obtained at 100 °C under 120 kV/cm, revealing the potential for application of Ba₂NaNb₅O₁₅ system-based ceramics in harsh environment.