家庭滚筒洗涤对牛仔织物风格的影响

为探究PhahrOmeter织物评价系统在不同洗涤次数下牛仔面料的手感风格特征,选取100%棉、100%莱赛尔纤维、莫代尔/棉/麻3种牛仔面料试样,通过模拟穿用过程中的家庭滚筒洗涤方式,进行0次、10次、20次、30次不同次数水洗并分别进行手感风格值测试,运用灰色关联法分析计算手感因子与织物手感值之间的关系。结果表明:织物硬挺度是影响织物手感风格表现趋势的主要因素,织物的柔软度和硬挺度呈反比关系,织物柔软度随着水洗次数增加其对应的测试数值减小,光滑度则呈相反趋势,即水洗次数越多,测试数值越大,织物越柔软;测试中,相近平方米质量和厚度的纯棉牛仔和莫代尔/棉/麻混纺风格最接近,莫代尔纤维改善了牛仔面料的手感值和硬挺度。     

关节型机械手的结构创新设计

分析了关节型机械手的总体要求,进行了机构设计,确定了驱动方式,研究并解决了全关节型机械手关节结构设计的关键技术,重点介绍了机身、肩关节、肘关节、小臂、手腕及抓手关节的结构创新设计思路和方法。     

不锈钢压力传感器管座

文章介绍了不锈钢压力传感器管座的关键技术和工艺,对管座设计和工艺过程中易出现的难题进行了分析并给出了实现方法及其结果。这种管座在抵御10000PSI的高压下仍能保证高可靠的密封性能,因而适用性特别强。     

Application of different surrogate models on the optimization of centrifugal pump

An optimization process for impellers was carried out based on numerical simulation, Latin hypercube sampling (LHS), surrogate model and Genetic algorithm (GA) to improve the efficiency of residual heat removal pump. The commercial software ANSYS CFX 14.5 was utilized to solve the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations by using the Shear stress transport turbulence model. The impeller blade parameters, which contain the blade inlet incidence angle Δβ, blade wrap angle φ, and blade outlet angle β ₂, were designed by random sample points according to the LHS method. The efficiency predicted under the design flow rate was selected as the objective function. The best combination of parameters was obtained by calculating the surrogate model with the GA. Meanwhile, the prediction accuracies of three surrogate models, namely, Response surface model (RSM), Kriging model, and Radial basis neural network (RBNN), were compared. Results showed that the calculated findings agree with the experimental performance results of the original pump. The RSF model predicted the highest efficiency, while the RBNN had the highest prediction accuracy. Compared with the simulated efficiency of the original pump, the optimization increased efficiency by 8.34% under the design point. Finally, the internal flow fields were analyzed to understand the mechanism of efficiency improvement. The optimization process, including the comparison of the surrogate models, can provide reference for the optimization design of other pumps.     

500kV主变B相瓦斯保护跳闸事件分析

在500kV主变充电过程中,由于瓦斯继电器接点瞬时闭合导致5031开关跳闸。瓦斯保护是主变油箱内绕组短路故障及异常的主保护,安全可靠的运行是其必要条件。文中通过现场调查分析,逐一排除导致5031开关跳闸的可能性,并从主变充电时较大的励磁涌流使线圈收缩和舒展产生油流涌动,分析瓦斯继电器的动作机构得出重瓦斯接点闭合的3个条件以及在油流涌动时带动下浮球摆动是重瓦斯接点闭合的最大可能性入手．解释这次5031开关跳闸事件的原因。     

3种不同钢管混凝土本构关系模型研究

对韩林海,Susantha,Saenz 3种钢管混凝土核心混凝土的单轴应力-应变关系做了介绍,对采用不同混凝土强度等级、不同径厚比(宽厚比)的圆钢管(方钢管)混凝土的应力-应变关系作了分析,并对3种不同本构关系作了对比分析研究.结果表明:对于相同等级的混凝土,径厚比(宽厚比)越小,钢管对核心混凝土的约束效应越好,即核心混凝土强度提高越大;Saenz模型的延性好于其他两种模型,应力峰值较大;3种模型中,圆钢管对混凝土的约束效应明显好于方钢管.     

Structure Identification of Triacylglycerols in the Seed Oil of Momordica Charantia L. Var. Abbreviata Ser.

Triacylglycerols (TGs) in the seed oil of Momordica charantia L. var. abbreviata Ser. (MCV) were separated by non-aqueous reversed-phase (NARP)-HPLC. Many of the TGs contain two different fatty acyl chains, such as palmitic (P), stearic (S), oleic (O), linoleic (L), and conjugated linolenic acid (CLn). Seven pairs of AAB/ABA-type TGs might present in the seed oil of MCV, namely CLnCLnP/CLnPCLn, CLnCLnS/CLnSCLn, CLnCLnO/CLnOCLn, CLnCLnL/CLnLCLn, SSCLn/SCLnS, OOCLn/OCLnO and LLCLn/LCLnL. The positional isomers of a AAB/ABA-type TGs pair yielded mass spectra showing a significant difference in relative abundance ratios of the fragment ions [AA]⁺ to [AB]⁺, which were produced by preferred losses of the fatty acid from the 1/3-position compared to the 2-position of the glycerol backbone. The precise stereospecific structures of the predominant regioisomers of TGs in AAB/ABA pairs were identified by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI-MS) according to the special relative abundance ratios of the fragment ions [AA]⁺ to [AB]⁺. TGs with CLn occupying the sn-2 position in seven pairs of AAB/ABA might be major constituents of the oil, such as CLnCLnS, LCLnL, CLnCLnP, and so on. Some of the TGs which were isolated and collected as fractions from the seed oil of MCV by NARP-HPLC were further analyzed by ¹³C-NMR. ¹³C-NMR data of type-AAA TGs containing α-eleostearic acyl have been complemented.     

PVC中增塑剂迁移和抽出问题

讨论了聚氯乙烯（PVC）中增塑剂抽出和迁移的危害性和基本原理,重点介绍了影响增塑剂抽出和迁移的主要因素,如：增塑剂相对分子质量和分子结构、环境温度、增塑剂含量、介质和时间。归纳总结了各种能有效抑制PVC中增塑剂抽出及迁移问题的解决办法及研究成果,主要为添加聚酯增塑剂、添加纳米粒子、使用离子液体、表面改性、表面交联、表面喷涂防护涂层等。     

溴系阻燃剂的50年

综述了溴系阻燃剂（BFR）的发展历程,重点讨论了近20年来发生的与BFR密切相关的一些重大事件,包括二噁英问题,欧盟对BFR的危害性评估（主要是十溴二苯醚（DBDPO）、四溴双酚A（TBBPA）和六溴环十二烷（HBCD）最新评估结果）,与BFR有关的环保法规（RoHS指令及REACH）,RoHS指令对DBDPO的豁免及此豁免的被否决,RoHS指令的修订等）,可能会影响BFR的有关新阻燃标准,如欧盟将在建材行业实行的统一阻燃分类方法和测试标准及中国的强制性国家标准GB 20286-2006,阻燃剂的无卤化等。分析了使用BFR的安全性及对BFR应采取的减排和监控措施（如VECAP）,并展望了BFR的发展前景。     

浅议国产轿车面漆用树脂与国外同类产品的差距及改进对策

以轿车面漆用羟基丙烯酸树脂为例,从涂膜的光泽、丰满度、鲜映性和防腐性能等方面探讨了国产轿车面漆用树脂与进口同类产品的差距,并相应提出了改进对策。