基于累计工作量的在线大数据分析作业调度算法

针对Hadoop和Spark等大数据分析系统中无先验知识任务的高效执行问题，设计了基于累计工作量（CRW）的任务调度器CRWScheduler。该调度器根据CRW将任务在低权重队列与高权重队列间切换；在为作业分配资源时，同时考虑到作业所在的队列和其瞬时占用资源量，无需作业先验知识即显著提升系统性能。基于Apache Hadoop YARN实现了CRWScheduler原型，在28个节点的基准测试集群上的实验表明，与YARN的公平调度机制相比，作业流时间（JFT）平均降低21%，其中95百分位的作业流时间（JFT）最多降低了35%，并且在与任务级调度程序协作时可获得进一步的性能提升。     

A user requirements-oriented privacy policy self-adaption scheme in cloud computing

In an ever-changing environment, Software as a Service (SaaS) can rarely protect users’ privacy. Being able to manage and control the privacy is therefore an important goal for SaaS. Once the participant of composite service is substituted, it is unclear whether the composite service satisfy user privacy requirement or not. In this paper, we propose a privacy policies automatic update method to enhance user privacy when a service participant change in the composite service. Firstly, we model the privacy policies and service variation rules. Secondly, according to the service variation rules, the privacy policies are automatically generated through the negotiation between user and service composer. Thirdly, we prove the feasibility and applicability of our method with the experiments. When the service quantity is 50, ratio that the services variations are successfully checked by monitor is 81%. Moreover, ratio that the privacy policies are correctly updated is 93.6%.     

Microstructure evolution and phase transformation of amorphous BCN–SiC composites prepared by two synthetic routes

Two amorphous BCN–SiC composites, sample BSC (BN + SiC + C) and sample BCSA (B₂O₃+C + Si + AlN) were prepared from different raw materials via spark plasma sintering (SPS) for 5 min at 1670 °C under a pressure of 30 MPa. Sample BCSA was found to generally outperform sample BSC, and its relative density (99.13% vs. 97.28%), flexural strength (453.1 MPa vs. 334.5 MPa), Vickers’ hardness (19.15 GPa vs. 16.53 GPa), and fracture toughness (5.21 MPa m^1/2 vs. 3.76 MPa m^1/2). The solid-phase reactions in the binary (sample BSC) and quaternary (sample BCSA) systems were elucidated from X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and thermodynamic calculations. The microstructure of the composites, which were synthesized from two different materials, was also characterized. The grain size and aspect ratio of the lamellar amorphous BCN grains played an important role in improving the mechanical properties of the composites. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) were used to clarify the microstructure of the amorphous phase of BCN and its interfacial area. Based on these results, element diffusion was discussed. The mechanism for the microstructural evolution and phase transformation of the composite were also discussed.     

Scanning tunneling microscopy-based on-machine measurement for diamond fly cutting of micro-structured surfaces

This paper presents a new on-machine measuring system based on scanning tunneling microscope principle, in order to meet the demand for precision form control of fabricated micro-structures. It is compactly established and mounted on a diamond turning machine, capable of on-machine measuring microstructures with steep slopes and size of tens of micrometers, which remains a challenge task to accomplish undistorted measurement even for general off-line metrological methods. Fly cutting with V-tip fly-cutter was first applied in two directions with interval angle of 60° to form the crossed micro V-grooves, and then efficient on-machine measurement was carried out to characterize the machined surface form without ending the proceeding of the subsequent fabrication. By depth compensation of fly cutting in 120° direction through feedback of on-machine measured results, the surface of rectangular pyramid array with diamond-shaped feature was successfully generated. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed measuring system is of significance in the fabrication process, owing to its efficient on-machine characterization capability for generating accurate micro-structured surfaces.     

Logistics service provider selection decision making for healthcare industry based on a novel weighted density-based hierarchical clustering

In recent years, Industry 4.0 makes a significant impact on the manufacturing industry, which enables the business more intelligent and efficient, all while minimizing costs. As known, the logistics concerns in the supply chain always play an important role to a manufacturing company, and decision on the selection of logistics service provider is a key point, especially for healthcare manufacture whose products are the medical devices or equipment of fragility and high cost. Practically there are so many logistics service providers with varieties in service quality, effectiveness, punctuality and reliability, that the manufacturers often encounter the challenge on the provider selection, and healthcare industry is no exception. However, the research on provider selection for healthcare manufacturers is quite limited. In order to help them to make the decision, this paper designs a logistics service provider selection scheme based on a novel weighted density-based hierarchical cluster analysis with integration of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) for healthcare industry. Initially an evaluation index system reflecting the capability of the candidate providers in all aspects is established. To improve the clustering within the scheme, the density concept and the obtained weights are introduced into the traditional hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) to shape a novel Weighted Density-Based HCA (WDBHCA). To validate the feasibility of the scheme, a case study on a specified healthcare industry manufacturer is carried out, and results fulfill the case company’s requirement which shows the feasibility of the proposed provider selection scheme. In addition, this scheme can be applied to the provider selection in other fields, as well.     

温福铁路CX-SUN混凝土外加剂作用机理研究

温福铁路处于东南沿海地区,台湾海峡西岸,许多桥梁位于海水和地下水侵蚀环境,为了确保设计使用年限达到100年以上,针对东南沿海环境温福线铁路桥梁混凝土抗腐蚀,提高耐久性,应用了CX-SUN抗侵蚀外加剂。CX-SUN海工高性能混凝土抗侵蚀外加剂产品,可解决钢筋混凝土因长期遭受地表海水和地下水中各种化学物质的侵蚀破坏而过早丧失服役现象,使混凝土使用年限提高20~30年。     

基于近邻关系的离群约简搜索算法

针对传统离群点检测过程中属性多、维度大等问题,结合粗糙集理论,提出一种基于近邻关系的离群约简搜索算法。利用属性约简技术解决对象不相容的问题,并有效缩减离群搜索的属性空间。计算任意点与其他所有点间的距离和,通过计算基于近邻的加权离群因子来判定离群点,并在通用数据集上进行测试。实验结果表明,该离群检测算法的搜索精度较高。     

Compression of facial images using the K-SVD algorithm

The use of sparse representations in signal and image processing is gradually increasing in the past several years. Obtaining an overcomplete dictionary from a set of signals allows us to represent them as a sparse linear combination of dictionary atoms. Pursuit algorithms are then used for signal decomposition. A recent work introduced the K-SVD algorithm, which is a novel method for training overcomplete dictionaries that lead to sparse signal representation. In this work we propose a new method for compressing facial images, based on the K-SVD algorithm. We train K-SVD dictionaries for predefined image patches, and compress each new image according to these dictionaries. The encoding is based on sparse coding of each image patch using the relevant trained dictionary, and the decoding is a simple reconstruction of the patches by linear combination of atoms. An essential pre-process stage for this method is an image alignment procedure, where several facial features are detected and geometrically warped into a canonical spatial location. We present this new method, analyze its results and compare it to several competing compression techniques.     

以废酸、废碱液制备聚合氯化铁铝的实验研究

以钢厂含铁废酸和铝加工业含铝废碱及废铁屑为原料制备聚合氯化铁铝(PFAC).实验研究了废铁屑加入量等因素对Fe2+溶出率的影响,同时研究了Fe2+的氧化条件.结果表明,在25℃、反应时间为15～20 min、氧化剂氯酸钠加入量等于化学计量值时,Fe2+氧化率可达98.7％以上.用废碱液调整盐基度,PFAC盐基度为20％时,对活性蓝P-3R水溶液的A590去除率可达99.8％；并对PFAC样品进行了红外光谱表征.