Multi-objective flexible job shop schedule: Design and evaluation by simulation modeling

Flexible job shop schedule is very important in both fields of combinatorial optimization and production management. In this paper, a simulation model is presented to solve the multi-objective flexible job shop scheduling problem. The proposed model has been coded by Matlab which is a special mathematical computation language. After modeling the pending problem, the model is validated by five representative instances based on practical data. The results obtained from the computational study have shown that the proposed approach is a feasible and effective approach for the multi-objective flexible job shop scheduling problem.     

基于龙伯格观测器的BLDC滑模控制系统仿真研究

针对无刷直流电机（BLDC）负载频繁改变导致电机调速性能差的问题,提出了一种基于负载转矩观测器的速度滑模控制方法。速度环采用滑模变结构控制方法,基于改进指数趋近律设计了速度滑模控制器;同时为了减小负载转矩扰动对电机运行状态的影响,基于龙伯格观测器设计了负载转矩观测器,通过观测器来估计实际的负载转矩并将观测器的输出前馈给速度滑模控制器来抵消负载转矩扰动的影响。为了验证提出方案的有效性,在MATLAB/Simulink仿真环境上搭建了仿真模型并进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明基于负载转矩观测器和速度滑模控制器的无刷直流电机系统有着优异的性能,与传统PI控制相比,抗扰能力强、恢复时间短、转速响应快,证明了提出方案的有效性。     

Sparse identification for ball-screw drives considering position-dependent dynamics and nonlinear friction

Establishing accurate dynamic models in a form that is suitable for integration with model-based control methods, is of great significance for further improving the dynamic motion control precision of ball-screw drives. However, due to the nonlinear time-varying factors such as position-dependent dynamics and nonlinear friction disturbance, it is difficult to model the dynamic characteristics of ball-screw drives accurately, concisely and efficiently. To overcome this challenge, a sparse identification method for ball-screw drives is proposed. Ball-screw drives are modeled as discrete-time linear parameter-varying systems under nonlinear friction disturbance, and two types of dictionary function libraries are designed to represent the position-dependent dynamics and nonlinear friction respectively. After constructing the regression form of the system model, a stepwise sparse regression policy is proposed to solve all the coefficients of dictionary functions. The proposed method is verified in both simulation and real environments. The results both show that by the proposed method, an accurate and linearizable dynamic model of ball-screw drives can be identified only using the data from only one global random excitation experiment covering the working stroke.     

考虑关节柔性的绳驱动空中机械臂关节空间鲁棒控制

空中机械臂在外部环境交互作业方面表现出很强的研究和应用价值,但当前系统位姿控制性能较弱、负载能力不足以及续航时间短的问题严重制约其作业能力的提升.鉴于此,设计一种带有绳驱动机械臂的新型空中机械臂系统,并将引入绳驱动机制带来的柔性效应等价到关节处,建立考虑关节柔性的刚柔耦合动力学模型.首先,针对系统在集总干扰下的关节空间轨迹跟踪控制,采用线性扩张状态观测器对集总干扰进行估计和补偿,并采用超螺旋算子和分数阶非奇异终端滑模以保证系统在到达阶段和滑模阶段均有较好的控制性能;然后,在Lyapunov稳定性框架下验证所设计控制器的稳定性;最后,通过可视化仿真和地面实验对所设计控制器的有效性进行验证.实验结果表明,所设计的鲁棒控制器比其他两种现有的控制器具有更快的响应速度、更强的抗干扰能力以及更高的跟踪精度,能够满足绳驱动空中机械臂的控制需求.     

An improved adaptive genetic algorithm based on hormone modulation mechanism for job-shop scheduling problem

An improved adaptive genetic algorithm (IAGA) for solving the minimum makespan problem of job-shop scheduling problem (JSP) is presented. Though the traditional genetic algorithm (GA) exhibits implicit parallelism and can retain useful redundant information about what is learned from previous searches by its representation in individuals in the population, yet GA may lose solutions and substructures due to the disruptive effects of genetic operators and is not easy to regulate GA’s convergence. The proposed IAGA is inspired from hormone modulation mechanism, and then the adaptive crossover probability and adaptive mutation probability are designed. The proposed IAGA is characterized by simplifying operations, high search precision, overcoming premature phenomenon and slow evolution. The proposed method by employing operation-based encoding is effectively applied to solve a dynamic job-shop scheduling problem (DJSP) and a complicated contrastive experiment of JSP in manufacturing system. Meanwhile, in order to ensure to create a feasible solution, a new method for crossover operation is adopted, named, partheno-genetic operation (PGO). The computational results validate the effectiveness of the proposed IAGA, which can not only find optimal or close-to-optimal solutions but can also obtain both better and more robust results than the existing genetic algorithms reported recently in the literature. By employing IAGA, machines can be used more efficiently, which means that tasks can be allocated appropriately, production efficiency can be improved, and the production cycle can be shortened efficiently.     

基于人工蜂群算法的无人直升机LQG/LTR控制律优化设计

针对无人直升机线性二次型高斯/回路传输恢复(LQG/LTR)飞行控制律设计中加权矩阵的选定问题, 提出一种基于人工蜂群算法优化控制器加权矩阵的方法. 采用LQG/LTR控制方法设计无人直升机的内外环自主飞行控制系统; 利用蜂群算法的全局寻优能力, 通过最小化性能指标对状态反馈控制器进行优化; 在系统噪声和阵风的干扰下, 对该无人直升机飞行控制系统进行轨迹跟踪仿真. 研究结果表明, 该优化设计方法提高了控制器的设计效率, 优化后的控制器的跟踪性能和鲁棒性有了明显提高.     

基于工艺特征约束的改进遗传算法

为提高飞机装配的精度,减小定位的误差,优化具有复杂工艺特征的机身框件的支撑序列.针对优化中工艺特征约束处理问题,建立了工艺特征约束的广义数学模型,从理论角度提出了一种针对此类约束的不可行解修补算法,并基于此算法设计一种改进的遗传算法.使用改进的遗传算法优化某型飞机机身框在可重构柔性工装上的支撑序列,优化过程稳定,最优序列下框的柔性定位误差减小93.08%,保证了飞机装配的精度.理论基础分析和仿真结果分析表明,改进的遗传算法通用性强,适用于各种约束优化问题;收敛速度快且稳定,具备可行性.     

基于WinCC的模块化生产系统监控程序设计

视窗控制中心WinCC（WindowsControlCenter）是西门子推出的一个集成的人机界面（HMI）系统和监控管理系统。以WinCC作为上位机监控软件,设计了监控界面和动作动画,经过系统的组态,通过VB脚本程序实现了模块化生产系统监控程序。系统的实际运行表明程序设计合理,软件操作简单。