A new experimental simulation method for the development of non-renewable hydrogen energy—Oil and gas resources

At present, the proportion of tight oil in non-renewable hydrogen energy is increasing. According to an initial exploration and attemptable practice on the exploration of tight oil, it is found that the cost can be controlled effectively and positive effects are achieved. But this technique cannot make sure the proppants filled uniformly in the long fracture. Several researches on the proppants migration experiment devices and factors influencing on proppant setting are reviewed and a new set of experimental device to simulate the laws of proppants setting in long fracture is developed. This device can simulate the main factors influencing proppants setting performance. It analyzes several factors such as wall filtration, construction displacement, sand concentration, proppant size and density, viscosity of fracturing fluid is used to rank the influencing degree of every factor. Considering the effects of mutual interference between proppants, width of fracture, rough fracture surface and fracture surface filtration during the proppants setting progress, the mathematical model of proppant setting is modified by adding sand concentration correction factor, wall effect correction factor and filtration correction factor. The experimental data verify the accuracy of the settlement model is established using the data getting from experiment.     

Research on the dynamic characteristics of a turbine flow meter

In the hardware-in-loop simulation of aero-engine control system where the real fuel regulator is engaged, it's crucial to measure the real-time flow rate. In view of this, a flow meter with high precision and fast response is important. In this paper, modeling and experiments are conducted to verify the dynamic characteristics of a turbine flow meter (TFM). For the modeling part, driving torque and resistance torques are analyzed to derive the kinetic equation of TFM. Simulation with the kinetic equation shows good dynamic performance of TFM. In experiments, a workbench is designed to generate step-type flow and sine-type flow for identification in time domain and frequency domain. Results show that the settling time for TFM is no more than 100 ms and its band-with is over 4.61 Hz. Compared with the settling time of a main fuel valve and the band-width of a main fuel control loop, that is, 1.2 s and 2 Hz respectively, TFM is considered to be adaptive to measure the fuel of aero-engine.     

Analyzing the effects of reaction temperature on photo-thermo chemical synergetic catalytic water splitting under full-spectrum solar irradiation: An experimental and thermodynamic investigation

Photocatalysts currently in use are only able to utilize very small part of the solar spectrum that arrives at the earth's surface (mainly ultraviolet light). Most of the photons that are not absorbed by the photocatalysts are converted to heat. However, there is no consensus on the effect of reaction temperature on photo-thermo chemical synergetic catalysis, which has been studied herein using experimental investigations combined with thermodynamic analysis. An elaborate photo-thermo chemical reaction test rig was initially designed and set up that can test experimental variable while the other influence factors were kept constant. The effects of ultrasonic and operation temperature on Pt/TiO₂ particle cluster distribution during the photo-thermo chemical synergetic catalytic water splitting process were analyzed by an upright microscope for the first time. The results indicated that the H₂ production rate varies with reaction temperature, and 55 °C is the optimum temperature for the photo-thermo chemical synergetic catalytic water splitting process studied here. A maximum H₂ production rate of 11.934 mmol/(h g) could be achieved using a classical Pt/TiO₂ catalyst, when operating under the optimum reaction conditions.     

基于DSMC-CFD方法的气固两相流冲蚀预测研究

目的 研究气固两相流中固体颗粒间碰撞对冲蚀的影响。方法 使用Eulerian-Lagrangian方法,将气相作为连续相,通过Navier-Stokes方程求解,颗粒平移运动由离散相模型（DPM）求解。颗粒间碰撞运动采用直接模拟蒙特卡罗（DSMC）方法进行模拟,用少量采样颗粒代替真实颗粒计算颗粒间碰撞,碰撞的发生条件通过修正的Nanbu方法判定,碰撞过程遵循颗粒间碰撞动力学模型,采用Grant-Tabakoff随机颗粒-壁面碰撞反弹模型,计算颗粒与壁面的碰撞运动。将颗粒运动信息导入5种不同的冲蚀模型,并将计算与未计算颗粒间碰撞的冲蚀预测模拟结果与实验数据进行对比。结果 颗粒间碰撞位置主要分布在90°弯头外拱侧的颗粒高浓度区,随着颗粒质量流量的增大,颗粒碰撞次数增加,且直管段中碰撞次数占比增大。随着入口速度的增大,颗粒碰撞次数减少。使用DSMC-CFD方法计算的最大冲蚀位置沿弯管外拱轴线向高角度方向偏移,且数值比忽略颗粒间碰撞的CFD方法约低5%~15%,总冲蚀率则两者区别不大。结论 引入DSMC方法计算颗粒间的碰撞,可以节省大量算力。弯管处发生颗粒间碰撞,DSMC-CFD冲蚀预测方法更符合实际,使用DSMC-CFD方法的Oka模型与实验测得值最贴近。     

三乙醇胺与烯胺混合胺液脱碳性能及配比优选实验研究

胺法脱碳以其脱除效果好、能耗低等优点在天然气预处理中得到广泛应用。目前国内外普遍采用以甲基二乙醇胺为主体的复配胺液为吸收剂,为适应寻找经济、高效的新型吸收剂的需求,本文选取同为叔胺的三乙醇胺(TEA)为主体进行实验研究,在TEA反应机理的研究基础上,添加二乙烯三胺/三乙烯四胺(DETA/TETA)进行混合胺液的吸收解吸性能分析,对比优选出综合表现较好的混合胺液,考察其不同配比下吸收、解吸及贴近实际生产的循环利用效果,完成配比优选研究。结果表明:添加烯胺后,可大大提高吸收性能,但会降低解吸效果;TEA+DETA吸收和解吸性能优于TEA+TETA;TEA+DETA的优选配比为2.0/1.0和2.4/0.6;经循环实验验证,2mol/L TEA+1mol/L DETA综合效果最佳。     

MDEA复配胺液脱除天然气中H2S性能

为了研究以N-甲基二乙醇胺（MDEA）为主体的MDEA+一乙醇胺（MEA）和MDEA+二乙烯三胺（DETA）两种配方混合胺液脱除H₂S性能,给工业中天然气脱硫配方提供参考和基础数据。利用小型反应釜进行吸收实验,使用单一MDEA胺液进行了工艺参数的筛选,同时考察吸收温度、吸收压力、再生温度对胺液脱除H₂S性能影响,得出升高吸收温度、吸收压力均可在一定程度内提升MDEA胺液的H₂S吸收效果,但当吸收温度过高时会降低胺液的H₂S吸收效果,吸收压力过高会造成脱硫成本的增加,筛选出最优吸收温度50℃,吸收压力5MPa,解吸油浴温度125℃。在优选出的实验工艺参数条件下进行不同添加剂对MDEA胺液脱除H₂S性能影响研究,考察不同配比的MDEA+DETA混合胺液和MDEA+MEA混合胺液脱除天然气中H₂S吸收及解吸性能。通过分析不同配比胺液的吸收负荷、吸收速率及解吸率等指标得出,MDEA单一胺液中添加二乙烯三胺（DETA）、一乙醇胺（MEA）胺液均可提升其H₂S吸收性能但并不利于胺液H₂S解吸性能的提升。性能较优配方为2.4mol/L MDEA+0.6mol/L MEA、2.4mol/L MDEA+0.6mol/L DETA混合胺液。     

The improved CO2 capture system with heat recovery based on absorption heat transformer and flash evaporator

Absorption heat transformer (AHT) and flash evaporator (FE) are used to reduce the heat consumption of CO₂ capture processes and an AHT–FE-aided capture system is proposed. Analyses are carried out to verify the effectiveness in reducing heat consumption. Compared with the base CO₂ capture system of 3000 t/d CO₂ capture capacity from a 660 MW coal-fired power unit, the AHT–FE-aided capture system reduces the heat consumption from 3.873 GJ/tCO₂ to 3.772 GJ/tCO₂, and the corresponding energy saving is 2.62%. The economic analysis shows that the annual profit would be 2.94 million RMB Yuan. The payback period of the AHT–FE-aided capture system is approximately 2.4 years. Therefore, the AHT–FE-aided capture system is both economically and technically feasible for improving the CO₂ capture energy performance.