过氧化氢浓度、载荷和滑动速度对1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢摩擦学行为的影响

未来的航空航天运载火箭需要使用绿色的燃料,使运动件有好的摩擦学性能,当前对其研究的公开报道较少.利用环-块式摩擦磨损试验机对1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢与ZrO2陶瓷摩擦副在质量分数25%,50%和75%的H2O2介质中,于3种滑动速度和3种载荷条件下的摩擦磨损行为进行了研究.通过三维白光共焦显微镜分析了试样磨损表面的形貌和粗糙度.结果表明:在H2O2质中,1Cr18Ni9Ti/ZrO2摩擦的总的趋势是H2O2浓度越高、载荷越大,摩擦系数越小;1Cr18Ni9Ti的磨损随着H2O2浓度的提高、载荷的增大而增大;在高浓度H2O2中1Cr18Ni9Ti与ZrO2摩擦副之间的主要磨损机制是较严重的犁沟型磨损和黏着磨损.     

功能性填料改性聚合物材料的摩擦学研究进展

聚合物材料因其质轻、价廉、耐腐蚀以及优异的自润滑特性而广泛应用于工程机械润滑领域中。加入功能性减摩和增强填料复合改性聚合物树脂可以克服本征型高分子材料的一些固有缺陷,得到低摩擦因数、高耐磨性、高承载力以及耐高温等优异特性的摩擦学复合材料。本文综述了功能性填料如碳基材料、过渡金属硫化物、微胶囊、软金属、陶瓷纳米颗粒、矿物盐以及自润滑高分子对复合材料的减摩抗磨效果及机理。同时,力学性能是保证聚合物材料服役性能和使役寿命的关键参数,也会对材料的摩擦学性能带来显著影响。本文还重点论述了纳米颗粒和纤维等填料对复合材料的增强和增韧机理。最后,展望了功能性填料对力学性能与摩擦学性能的协效作用,以及计算机模拟在复合材料摩擦学中应用的发展趋势。     

无溶剂环氧涂料的制备及涂层性能研究

为提高环氧涂料在受力和形变等动态环境下的性能,通过对环氧树脂和固化剂等基础材料的筛选、涂膜柔韧性能的改善和防腐蚀底漆配方的设计,研制一款无溶剂环氧树脂工业防腐蚀涂料。选取黏度较低的J51型环氧树脂以及与其成膜性好且漆膜力学性能优异的WH-31型环氧固化剂作为主要成膜物质,通过环氧活性稀释剂(SM80)进行增韧,当SM80与环氧树脂比例为1:7时,涂层柔韧性可达1mm且与碳钢板拉拔附着力可达12MPa。在此基础上进行无溶剂环氧铁红底漆研制,得到施工方便、力学性能优异、耐水性良好、耐碱性良好,耐盐雾可达1000h的工业防腐蚀底漆。     

控锻控冷工艺对GCr15轴承钢力学性能的影响

探究不同控锻控冷热处理工艺对GCr15钢力学性能的影响,测试了它的回火稳定性、冲击性能、滚动接触疲劳寿命。结果表明,采用控锻控冷工艺可提高试样的抗回火稳定性,冲击性能提高50%以上,接触疲劳寿命提高40%以上。     

超声表面滚压技术及其组合工艺现状

概述了USRP在磨损、疲劳以及腐蚀领域的防护现状,并对其防护机理进行了讨论。同时归纳了USRP技术存在的问题,比如当表面强化层的塑性变形程度达到一定的极限时,不仅很难进一步提高材料性能,继续加工更会导致起皱、开裂等表面缺陷的产生,最终致使材料性能恶化。在此基础上,重点综述了组合USRP工艺的研究进展,并按照组合工艺中USRP技术的时间顺序,分为前端组合(超声滚压–等离子渗技术、超声滚压–物理气相沉积技术、超声滚压–微弧氧化技术等)、后端组合(热处理–超声滚压技术、激光冲击–超声滚压技术、激光熔覆–超声滚压技术、激光选区熔化–超声滚压技术等)以及同步复合工艺(电脉冲辅助超声滚压技术、温度场辅助超声滚压技术等)。最后,就USRP技术及其组合工艺进一步的研究和发展方向进行了展望,为USRP后续研究及应用提供技术参考。     

AISI316奥氏体不锈钢低温渗碳层的组织及耐蚀性

为了提高奥氏体不锈钢的表面硬度并保持其良好的耐蚀性,采用自主开发的低温渗碳工艺对AISI316奥氏体不锈钢进行渗碳处理。运用金相显微镜和显微硬度计表征了渗碳强化层组织,通过电化学试验检测了渗碳强化层的耐蚀性。结果表明:渗碳温度越高,渗碳强化层表面硬度越高,耐蚀性越差;经过470℃低温渗碳处理的AISI316奥氏体不锈钢表面硬度从原来的300 HV0.25 N增加到800～1 000 HV0.25 N,有效硬化层达36.1μm,而其耐蚀性保持不变。     

WFLC-11钴基合金激光熔覆层组织及性能评价

对自主开发的WFLC-11激光熔覆专用钴基合金粉末激光熔覆层与Stellite-6合金等离子喷焊层的组织与性能进行了比较研究。结果表明，激光熔覆层组织细小、均匀，致密性好，高温硬度更高，其显微硬度、耐腐蚀性能、抗擦伤性能优于Sellite-6合金等离子喷焊层。     

Tribological properties of AlCoCrFeNiCu high-entropy alloy in hydrogen peroxide solution and in oil lubricant

Pin-on-disc tests to investigate the tribological behavior of AlCoCrFeNiCu high-entropy alloy under lubrication conditions with 90% hydrogen peroxide solution and lubricant oil, respectively, were performed. The study demonstrates that the AlCoCrFeNiCu high-entropy alloy lubricated correspondingly with lubricant of 90% hydrogen peroxide solution (hereafter termed hydrogen peroxide lubricant) and lubricant oil significantly improves its friction and wear-resistance properties. Results showed that the friction coefficient, after a grinding stage, of the rubbing pair was lower than that with normal lubricant oil. The AlCoCrFeNiCu alloy in the lubricant with 90% hydrogen peroxide solution and lubricant oil exhibits a high resistance to wear. Analysis of the worn surface revealed that the AlCoCrFeNiCu high-entropy alloy lubricated with the hydrogen peroxide lubricant exhibited signs of inhomogeneous polishing oxidation and abrasive wear, with the wear mechanism changing with sliding distance, while the rubbing pair in normal lubricant oil is mainly dominated by abrasive wear.     

基体偏压对PEMFC不锈钢双极板Cr-N改性涂层性能的影响

目的 提高SS316L双极板的耐腐蚀性与导电性。方法 使用脉冲直流磁控溅射技术,改变基体负偏压,于SS316L双极板上制备了Cr-N薄膜。通过扫描电子显微镜、XRD衍射仪、电子探针分析仪对薄膜的成分和结构进行了检测分析。通过接触电阻测试、电化学腐蚀测试和接触角测试表征了薄膜的导电性、耐腐蚀性和疏水性。结果 薄膜的结构主要由Cr和Cr₂N组成,各组试样的成分相近。随着沉积过程中基体负偏压的增大,薄膜结构更加致密。镀膜试样的耐腐蚀性均好于基材SS316L,基体负偏压为400 V时,测得试样的腐蚀电流密度最低,为3.49×10^-7 A/cm²。镀膜试样的导电性均好于基材SS316L,基体为负偏压200 V时,双极板的导电性最好,表面接触电阻为8.02 mΩ·cm²。基体负偏压继续增大,双极板的接触电阻会有所下降。结论 随着沉积偏压的增加,薄膜中的N含量略有增加。薄膜沉积对SS316L双极板的导电性、耐腐蚀性和疏水性有明显的提高,较于基材自腐蚀电位提升了411 mV,腐蚀电流密度下降了2个数量级。沉积时较高...     

Evolution of friction-induced microstructure of SUS 304 meta-stable austenitic stainless steel and its influence on wear behavior

The microstructure evolution of the worn surface and sub-surface layer of SUS 304 austenitic stainless steel (ASS) disc against Al₂O₃ ceramic ball were studied on the basis of the tribological behaviors in the tests performed using a Cameron-Plint TE67 pin-on-disc tester. The microstructure after friction test was observed by optical and scanning electron microscope. The possible phase transformation of meta-stable austenite to martensite was detected by X-ray diffractometer. Results showed that friction-induced deformation led to finer grain at the subsurface beneath the worn surface. Furthermore, white layer was observed on some worn surface layers after higher normal loads. Transformed martensite from the austenite appeared on the worn surface under both low and high normal-loading conditions. Absence of transformed martensite was detected at the site about 25 μm below the worn surface although the grains at the site were still intensive and fine. In addition, the specific wear rate of SUS 304 stainless steel specimens was measured, and the possible reasons affecting the wear behavior were analyzed and discussed.