印染废水生物脱色研究进展

介绍了我国印染废水处理中常规生物脱色处理技术（好氧处理技术、厌氧处理技术和厌氧—好氧处理技术）的发展,并阐述了印染废水处理中新型生物脱色处理技术的研究进展。     

Formation of novel mesoporous TiC microspheres through a sol–gel and carbothermal reduction process

Novel mesoporous TiC microspheres with uniform size are synthesized via a sol–gel combined carbothermal reduction process. A microfluidic aerosol nozzle was used to produce droplets which were subsequently dried into gel microspheres under different conditions. The influence of drying temperatures and sol aging time on the diameters of obtained gel microspheres was investigated. The spherical morphology of TiC spheres can be maintained after a two-step heat treatment. Moreover, the TiC microspheres exhibit a high surface area of 267 m²/g and consist of 30–50 nm nano TiC grains and 4.5 nm pores. This unique nanostructure is directly formed from the carbothermal reduction of non-porous and template-free titania/carbon spheres.     

Quantitative relationships between intermolecular interaction and damping parameters of irganox‐1035/NBR hybrids: A combination of experiments,molecular dynamics simulations,and linear regression analyses

The damping mechanism of phenol(3,5‐bis(1,1‐dimethylethyl)‐4‐hydroxybenzenepropanoic acid thiodi‐2,1‐ethanediyl ester, abbreviated as Irganox‐1035)/nitrile‐butadiene rubber hybrids was studied by combining experiments, computer simulations, and linear regression analyses. Four important damping parameters [loss peak (tan δ_max), effective loss area (TA), glass transition temperature (T_g), and effective temperature region (ΔT)], were obtained by dynamic mechanical thermal analyses. Three intermolecular interaction parameters [the number of intermolecular hydrogen bonds (N_HBs), binding energy (E_binding), and fractional free volume (FFV)], were calculated by molecular dynamics simulations. Using linear regression analyses, the quantitative relationships between the intermolecular interaction and damping parameters were investigated. Linear and significant relationships between intermolecular interactions (N_HBs and E_binding) and damping parameters (tan δ_max and TA) (R² > 0.9; P < 0.001) were noted; FFV showed moderate linear correlations with damping parameters (R² < 0.9; P < 0.05); only E_binding showed strong correlations with T_g and ΔT (R² > 0.9; P < 0.001). Besides, after nondimensionalization, multivariate linear fitting equations based on intermolecular interaction parameters were developed to accurately predict damping parameters (R² > 0.98, P < 0.001). These studies were expected to provide the useful information in understanding the damping mechanism and to attempt a quantitative tool for designing high damping materials. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46202.     

物化/厌氧水解/生物强化脱色处理印染废水

介绍了某印染废水工程实例,针对该工程废水的特点,设计采用物化沉淀—厌氧水解—生物接触氧化—曝气生物滤池组合工艺进行处理。在好氧生化阶段接种强化脱色菌,强化生物脱色效果。运行结果表明,进水CODCr为1 500 mg/L、BOD5为350 mg/L、色度为1 000倍时,处理出水水质为CODCr≤80 mg/L、BOD5≤25 mg/L、色度≤40倍,优于《纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准》(GB 4287—1992)的一级排放标准要求。     

Effect of thermal stresses on the microstructure of the continuous cooling TiAl alloys

A series of continuous cooling tests were performed on TiAl alloys using a Gleeble3500 machine to investigate the effect of thermal stresses on the microstructure. The results show that macroscopic thermal stresses promote correlated nucleation of γ lamellae. The trend of the dominance of one twin-group γ variants in local regions is weakened, and the γ/γ interfaces tend to be true twin and pseudotwin boundaries rather than 120° rotational faults under macroscopic thermal stresses. Meanwhile, thermal-induced deformation generated under the effect of both microscopic and macroscopic thermal stresses results in numerous low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) and dislocations. The LAGBs and dislocations distribute heterogeneously among lamellar colonies and phases. No mechanical twins are observed due to the low strain and low strain rate characteristics of the thermal-induced deformation. These findings could shed light on understanding and preventing the cracking of TiAl components during cooling process.     

控冷工艺对热轧双相钢盘条组织和性能的影响

通过840℃精轧后空冷到760℃然后淬水(工艺1)和850℃精轧后在保温罩中缓冷到760℃然后风冷(工艺2)两种工艺轧制ER70s-6钢盘条,并分析了其盘条的组织和性能。结果表明,工艺1生产的盘条横截面表层和内部组织不均匀,内部含20.7%成条带状分布的马氏体,其抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为725、382MPa和16.5%;工艺2生产的盘条组织较均匀,含11.5%马氏体,其抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为608、338MPa和31.3%。双相钢中马氏体含量高对强度有利,但其成条带状分布对塑性不利。     

Tensile performance and crack propagation of coated woven fabrics under multiaxial loads

The tensile performance of coated woven fabrics under multiaxial loads is examined in the present study. Two groups of experiments were conducted to investigate the influences of the configuration of the fabric specimen and the loading speed on the multiaxial tensile properties of the fabrics. The configuration of the specimen for the multiaxial tensile tests is identified as gear‐shape with large arm widths. A loading speed of lower than 20 mm/min is suggested to obtain the tensile properties of the coated woven fabrics under multiaxial loads. The tensile performances of coated woven fabrics under uni‐, bi‐, and multiaxial loads were compared. We found that the tensile performances under bi‐ and multiaxial loads are much better than those under uniaxial loads. Therefore, for the application of the coated woven fabrics in lightweight structures, biaxial or multiaxial loading conditions will be necessary. Experiments on the specimens with an initial crack in the center under multiaxial loads show that, by comparison with other loading directions, the tensile properties in warp direction of the coated woven fabrics play an important role in the failure performance and crack propagation under multiaxial loads. To eliminate the dependence on the mechanical properties in warp direction, the balance of the two principle directions of coated woven fabrics should be improved. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

抗菌中空涤纶性能的测试及其在非织造布上的应用

通过测试,研究了抗菌中空涤纶的形态结构,摩擦性能、机械性能、卷曲性能、导电、导湿性能和透气性能。指出抗菌中空涤纶是一种新型环保抗菌纤维,其特有的物理化学性能及功能性,决定了产品服用性能良好,产品繁多,在开发非织造布产品上的前景将十分看好。     

CuSnTiNi钎料真空钎焊金刚石

采用两种不同比例CuSnTiNi混合单质金属粉,对金刚石在1 040℃保温5 min进行了真空钎焊试验.利用SEM,EDS及XRD对金刚石焊后界面微结构和钎料的微观组织进行了测试分析.结果表明,适合钎焊金刚石的活性成分为BCu70Sn15Ti10Ni5（质量分数,%）,该钎料能够在钎焊时首先合金化,在金刚石表面形成了断续的TiC,实现了金刚石的高强度连接,金刚石的热损伤较小,钎料组织由α-Cu固溶体、δ-Cu₃₁Sn₈等相组成,该钎料显微硬度为130~180 HV0.1,比CuSnTi有较高的硬度.