全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6461篇 |
免费 | 520篇 |
国内免费 | 133篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 46篇 |
综合类 | 423篇 |
化学工业 | 1320篇 |
金属工艺 | 156篇 |
机械仪表 | 68篇 |
建筑科学 | 684篇 |
矿业工程 | 844篇 |
能源动力 | 1043篇 |
轻工业 | 194篇 |
水利工程 | 453篇 |
石油天然气 | 74篇 |
武器工业 | 1篇 |
无线电 | 77篇 |
一般工业技术 | 711篇 |
冶金工业 | 362篇 |
原子能技术 | 39篇 |
自动化技术 | 619篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 34篇 |
2023年 | 304篇 |
2022年 | 338篇 |
2021年 | 314篇 |
2020年 | 407篇 |
2019年 | 437篇 |
2018年 | 196篇 |
2017年 | 227篇 |
2016年 | 386篇 |
2015年 | 317篇 |
2014年 | 453篇 |
2013年 | 464篇 |
2012年 | 359篇 |
2011年 | 308篇 |
2010年 | 308篇 |
2009年 | 312篇 |
2008年 | 114篇 |
2007年 | 245篇 |
2006年 | 239篇 |
2005年 | 133篇 |
2004年 | 78篇 |
2003年 | 103篇 |
2002年 | 135篇 |
2001年 | 117篇 |
2000年 | 67篇 |
1999年 | 78篇 |
1998年 | 70篇 |
1997年 | 28篇 |
1996年 | 70篇 |
1995年 | 48篇 |
1994年 | 39篇 |
1993年 | 23篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1991年 | 31篇 |
1990年 | 22篇 |
1989年 | 17篇 |
1988年 | 46篇 |
1987年 | 127篇 |
1986年 | 105篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有7114条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
Juan D. Manrique Mohamed Al-Hussein Avi Telyas Geoff Funston 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2007,133(3):208-216
This paper focuses on the procedure utilized in the construction of tilt-up irregular concrete panels that are constructed on-site using concrete slabs and wooden formwork. The case study required high-quality concrete finishing. The erection and installation procedure called for a maximum panel-to-panel joint tolerance of 1.27?cm (0.5?in.), often 90° joints between panels. To meet precision requirements, the casting slabs were leveled and flattened with laser screed technology and smoothed with chemical solutions. To ensure that the final result met expectations, a mock-up model was built using different types of materials and to simulate site constraints. The architectural design is a composition of precast concrete panels like “Lego” pieces assembled similarly to a jigsaw puzzle. The unique construction process required a state-of-the-art analysis to produce the set quality. Quality conditions as set by the owner included creating a smooth concrete surface on all panels while avoiding damages and reducing equipment and material costs. The proposed methodology is described through its implementation on the case study, which is also described in this paper. 相似文献
32.
《Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical》2006,113(1):398-409
In this paper we demonstrate a new method for microfabricating PDMS devices that controls vapour diffusion, thereby reducing water loss at elevated temperatures and greatly increasing the reliability of the PCR. In the past, the vapour and liquid diffusion properties of the PDMS material in microfluidic devices have impaired performance. We show that this water loss is primarily due to vapour diffusion from the PDMS biochip and by implanting a polyethylene vapour barrier layer in the PDMS, the overall fluid loss was almost eliminated (reduced by a factor of 3). We have also developed a procedure to ensure irreversible bonding between the PDMS and the implant. With this improved microfabrication method we demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of performing small volume PCR genetic amplification (i.e. with less than 2 μl of PCR sample) within a PDMS–glass hybrid biochip. Diaphragm pumps and pinch-off valves were integrated in the system and these enabled fluid retention during the amplification stage and will facilitate higher levels of on-chip automation. 相似文献
33.
《Synthetic Metals》2006,156(11-13):779-783
In order to exploit mechanical flexibility of organic-based electronic devices, conducting polymer anodes, such as polyaniline or poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy)-thiophene-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS), have been extensively studied. Along with the use of solution based processing techniques, conducting polymers can simplify the device fabrication procedure and yield themselves easily to printing techniques. In this paper, we present the results of utilizing desktop inkjet printer as a tool for direct printing and patterning of conducting polymer. Design of printable patterns and adjustment of printing parameters can be performed using any software such as Power Point. PEDOT-PSS suspension can be loaded into an inkjet cartridge and deposited on a given substrate in any designed pattern. The gray-scale color scheme can be employed to control the layer thickness and sheet resistivity of the inkjet printed layers. These layers are then used as anodes in organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs). 相似文献
34.
Guanghui Wang Lei Huang Rong Yu Nansheng Deng 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2008,83(5):601-608
BACKGROUND: Endocrine disruptors in the aquatic environment and their potential adverse effects are currently issues of concern. One of these endocrine disruptors is 2,2‐bis(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methylphenyl)propane (BPP). In this work the molecular recognition interaction of BPP with β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) was studied using IR spectroscopy and steady state fluorescence spectroscopy, and the photocatalytic degradation behaviour of BPP based on molecular recognition interaction was investigated in a TiO2/UV–visible (λmax = 365 nm) system. This might provide a new method for the treatment of some organic pollutants in wastewater. RESULTS: β‐CD reacts with BPP to form a 1:1 inclusion complex, the formation constant of which is 4.94 × 103 L mol?1. The photodegradation rate constant of BPP after molecular recognition by β‐CD showed a 1.42‐fold increase in the TiO2/UV–visible (λmax = 365 nm) system. The photodegradation of BPP depended on the concentration of β‐CD, the pH value, the gaseous medium and the initial concentration of BPP. The photodegradation efficiency of BPP with molecular recognition was higher than that without molecular recognition. After 100 min of irradiation the mineralisation efficiency of BPP after molecular recognition by β‐CD reached 94.8%, whereas the mineralisation efficiency of BPP before molecular recognition by β‐CD was only 40.6%. CONCLUSION: The photocatalytic degradation of BPP after molecular recognition by β‐CD can be enhanced in the TiO2/UV‐visible (λmax = 365 nm) system. This enhancement is dependent on the enhancement of the adsorption of BPP, the moderate inclusion depth of BPP in the β‐CD cavity and the increase in the frontier electron density of BPP after molecular recognition. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
35.
《Environmental Modelling & Software》2007,22(10):1488-1497
A Laplace transform representation is used to describe the changes in atmospheric CO2 in response to emissions. The formalism gives an explicit representation of generic relations that are less clear when model results are presented as numerical integrations with particular parameter values. In particular, the Laplace transform formalism clarifies some issues involved in inversion of ice-core data and analysis of geosequestration. The airborne fraction is expressed as the emission growth rate multiplied by the Laplace transform of the atmospheric response function, evaluated at the growth rate. This representation emphasises that historical data only capture carbon cycle dynamics over a limited range of time-scales. The Laplace transform formalism provides a basis for expressing uncertainties in the response function in terms of the Padé–Laplace transformation used for fitting sums of exponentials. 相似文献
36.
《Cement and Concrete Composites》2007,29(1):13-21
There are ∼6700 million tons of perlite reserves in the world and two thirds of this amount takes place in Turkey. Although perlite possesses pozzolanic properties, it has not been so far used in producing blended cements. This study focuses on the use of natural perlites in blended cement production. For this purpose, after examining the suitability of the perlites as pozzolans and their ease of grindability, 16 types of blended cements having 320 m2/kg or 370 m2/kg Blaine fineness were produced by using 20% or 30% perlite additions. Production of the blended cements were accomplished either by intergrinding or separate grinding. The performance of the cements was evaluated by conducting the following tests: particle size distribution by laser diffraction, normal consistency, setting time, soundness and compressive strength. The results showed that perlites possess sufficient pozzolanic characteristics to be used in production of blended cement. 相似文献
37.
《Composites Science and Technology》2007,67(7-8):1611-1616
High-modulus aramid fiber was exposed to energetic (5 eV) atomic oxygen, which simulates the space environment in low Earth orbit. It was found that Young’s modulus and tensile strength decreased significantly due to the atomic oxygen exposures. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the decomposition of amid group occured at the exposed surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the diameter of the fiber was not influenced so much by the attack of atomic oxygen, but the exposed fiber became an extremely rough surface. The change in mechanical properties has been explained by the formation of surface texture that is characteristic to the high-energy atomic oxygen collisions. 相似文献
38.
Cleyo Harris Travis O. Brenden Chris S. Vandergoot Matthew D. Faust Seth J. Herbst Charles C. Krueger 《Journal of Great Lakes research》2021,47(1):48-58
Infrequent captures of invasive, non-native grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) have occurred in Lake Erie over the last 30+ years, with recent evidence suggesting wild reproduction in the lake’s western basin (WB) is occurring. Information on grass carp movements in the Laurentian Great Lakes is lacking, but an improved understanding of large-scale movements and potential areas of aggregation will help inform control strategies and risk assessment if grass carp spread to other parts of Lake Erie and other Great Lakes. Twenty-three grass carp captured in Lake Erie’s WB were implanted with acoustic transmitters and released. Movements were monitored with acoustic receivers deployed throughout Lake Erie and elsewhere in the Great Lakes. Grass carp dispersed up to 236 km, with approximately 25% of fish dispersing greater than 100 km from their release location. Mean daily movements ranged from <0.01 to 2.49 km/day, with the highest daily averages occurring in the spring and summer. The Sandusky, Detroit, and Maumee Rivers, and Plum Creek were the most heavily used WB tributaries. Seventeen percent of grass carp moved into Lake Erie’s central or eastern basins, although all fish eventually returned to the WB. One fish emigrated from Lake Erie through the Huron-Erie Corridor and into Lake Huron. Based on our results, past assessments may have underestimated the potential for grass carp to spread in the Great Lakes. We recommend focusing grass carp control efforts on Sandusky River and Plum Creek given their high use by tagged fish, and secondarily on Maumee and Detroit Rivers. 相似文献
39.
Ceilidh Mackie Jana Levison Andrew Binns Ivan O'Halloran 《Journal of Great Lakes research》2021,47(1):145-159
Nutrient export from agricultural land to surface waters is a significant environmental concern within the Great Lakes Basin (GLB). A field-based watershed-scale study was completed to investigate spatial and temporal variations of phosphorus and nitrate to assess nutrient transport pathways and groundwater-surface water interactions in an agriculturally dominated clay plain system. This was conducted in the 127 km2 Upper Parkhill Watershed, near Lake Huron in southwestern Ontario, Canada. Data collection occurred from June 2018 to May 2019 via continuous sensor deployment and discrete sampling of stream water, groundwater, hyporheic zone, and tile drainage water. Samples were analyzed for various nutrient species (total, total dissolved, soluble reactive, and particulate phosphorus, and nitrate-N) to examine the hydrological dynamics of principal transport pathways of agriculturally-derived nutrients. Total phosphorus and nitrate concentrations in stream water ranged from 0.007 to 0.324 mg/L and 0.32 to 13.13 mg NO3?-N/L, respectively. Tile drainage water total phosphorous concentrations varied from 0.006 to 0.066 mg/L. Groundwater total dissolved phosphorus concentrations ranged from <0.003 to 0.085 mg/L. Transport of phosphorus through tile drainage was observed to be greater than through groundwater over the study period. No distinct relationship was observed between nutrient concentrations in the hyporheic zone and the vertical hydraulic gradient within this zone in the studied stream reach. Preliminary correlations were discerned between water quality observations and recognized land management practices. Given the elevated stream nutrient concentrations, these results are consequential for the continual improvement of strategies and programs devised to conserve water resources within the GLB. 相似文献
40.
The physical, chemical, and biological dynamics under changing atmospheric conditions of Laguna Lake, Philippines were analyzed from intensive observations. Diel measurements were conducted for 48 continuous hours for both dry and wet tropical seasons in addition to fine resolution long-term monitoring. Results revealed significant vertical and diel variations of lake variables in spite of a shallow water depth (2.5 m) caused by the intense surface heating from solar irradiance (~800 W m?2) and accentuated by the lake's high turbidity (16–32 ftu). Late afternoon land-lake breeze (~5–7 m s?1) regularly breaks daytime thermal stratification, and convective cooling at night maintains isothermal condition until dawn of the next day. The stratified condition demonstrated a wind-driven, density-induced 2-layer current pattern with a windward moving epilimnion (~4 folds faster) and a compensating hypolimnetic flow in the general lake circulation direction. Laguna Lake was observed to have a dominating diel cycle but also undergoes significant seasonal limnological variations brought primarily by climate, hydrology, and its interaction with the adjacent sea. Significantly correlated variations of pH, chlorophyll-a and DO in the dry season were indicative of the higher biological activity associated with the intrusion of polluted waters from Metro Manila. The non-occurrence of thermal over-turn was observed to be regularly followed by bottom hypoxic conditions (2–4 mg L?1), indicative of the eutrophic condition of the lake and the importance of diel wind-induced mixing in the bottom supply of DO. Laguna Lake was found to be predominantly net heterotrophic (GPP:R < 1, NEP < 0). 相似文献