Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Zn–Cu–Sr ternary system

Zn–Cu–Sr alloys play a crucial role in the development of biodegradable implant materials based on zinc. The current study aimed to investigate the phase equilibria of the Zn–Cu–Sr ternary system in the Cu–Zn-rich region, through experimental analysis. For this purpose, fifteen and fourteen samples were respectively prepared and equilibrated at 350 and 400 °C, to determine the isothermal sections. The equilibrated alloys were then subjected to various analytical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometry analysis (EDS), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and powder X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The analysis revealed the presence of five three-phase equilibria and ten two-phase equilibria in the two isothermal sections. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to investigate the phase transformation temperature with constant values of 8 at. % Sr and 30 at. % Cu. The obtained experimental results were used to perform a thermodynamic assessment of the Zn–Cu–Sr system especial in Zn-rich region using the calculation of phase diagrams (CALPHAD) method. The modified quasi-chemical model (MQM) was used to model the liquid solution, while the compound energy formalism (CEF) was used to represent Gibbs free energies of the solid phases. The present obtained thermodynamic parameters were found to accurately reproduce the experimentally measured phase relationships in the Zn–Cu–Sr ternary system.     

Phase equilibria and microstructure development in Mg-rich Mg-Gd-Sr alloys: Experiments and CALPHAD assessment

Mg-Sr alloys are promising to fabricate orthopedic implants. The alloying of rare earth elements such as Gd may improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of Mg-Sr alloys. The information on the phase diagram and the microstructure development are required to design chemical composition and microstructure of Gd alloyed Mg-Sr alloys. The phase equilibria and the microstructure development in Mg-rich Mg-Gd-Sr alloys (Gd, Sr < 30 at. %) are experimentally investigated via phase identification, chemical analysis, and microstructure observation with respect to the annealed ternary alloys. The onset temperatures of liquid formation are measured by differential scanning calorimetry. A thermodynamic database of the Mg-rich Mg–Gd–Sr ternary system is developed for the first time via CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagram) approach assisted by First-Principles calculations. The thermodynamic calculations with the developed database enable a well reproduction of the experimental findings and the physical-metallurgical understanding of the microstructure formation in solidification and annealing.     

Rationally Designed Anti-Glare Panel Arrays as Highway Wind Energy Harvester

The anti-glare panels along highways can block the dazzling lights of opposing vehicles at night, playing an important role in the highway safety. Inspired by the highway anti-glare panels, wind energy harvesting triboelectric nanogenerator (AG-TENG) arrays to properly capture energy from highway moving vehicles is developed. A single AG-TENG installation module can achieve a high power density of 0.2 Wm⁻² at a wind speed of 3 m s⁻¹. This wind speed is too low to drive conventional wind energy harvesting equipment. The performance of the AG-TENG shows no degradation after 80 h of continuous operation (1 440 000 times). Thus, with the rational consideration and features, the system can generate enough power to drive internet of things (IoT) devices and environmental sensors, as well as offer wireless alarming and radio frequency identification vehicle monitoring. This study provides a promising strategy to properly harvest wind energy on highways using existing infrastructures under the condition of even no natural wind, showing broad application prospects in distributed environmental monitoring, intelligent highways, and the IoT.     

网络钓鱼攻击分析和防范探讨

网络钓鱼攻击诱导用户访问虚假网站窃取用户姓名、账号、密码等敏感信息进而侵犯用户经济利益和隐私信息,影响极为恶劣。文章探讨了网络钓鱼攻击的方法、方式、检测技术、危害和预防措施,旨在为预防网络钓鱼攻击提供参考。     

过渡金属离子掺杂对磷酸铁锂性能的影响

以碳酸锂、草酸亚铁、磷酸二氢铵、葡萄糖为原料,添加不同的过渡金属乙酸盐(乙酸锰、乙酸钴、乙酸镍、乙酸锌),在氩气保护下采用高温固相法制备LiFePO_4/C复合材料。采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、同步热分析、恒电流充放电、电化学阻抗、循环伏安等方法研究掺杂金属离子及掺杂量对LiFePO_4/C晶体结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明,LiFe_(0.9)M_(0.1)PO_4/C(M=Mn、Co、Ni、Zn)样品的晶体结构均与橄榄石型LiFePO_4相同。掺杂过渡金属阳离子可以提高LiFePO_4/C的还原电位,降低氧化电位,缩小氧化还原峰间距,提高化学反应的可逆性。掺杂后的样品在5C下的放电性能较好,以LiFe0.9Ni0.1PO4/C的放电容量最高,达到89mAh/g。     

复合受剪钢纤维再生混凝土破坏机理及强度计算

为研究钢纤维再生混凝土在复合受剪状态下的力学性能,以取代率、法向应力和钢纤维掺量为变化参数,设计了102个标准立方体试件进行复合受剪试验。观察了钢纤维再生混凝土在直剪、压剪作用下的破坏形态,获取了其在直剪、压剪作用下的全过程剪切应力-位移曲线,深入分析了取代率、法向应力和钢纤维掺量对钢纤维再生混凝土剪切强度、峰值位移的影响规律。结果表明：随着法向应力的增大,剪切强度逐渐增大;随着取代率的增加,掺量为0%的钢纤维再生混凝土剪切强度随之减小,掺量为1%的钢纤维再生混凝土剪切强度先增大后减小;与掺量为0%的钢纤维再生混凝土相比,掺量为1%的钢纤维再生混凝土平均剪切强度提高了10.77%;提出了剪切强度公式,所得计算值与试验值吻合良好。     

考虑边界排水时间效应的软土一维非线性固结近似解答

为了考虑实际工程中,土层边界的排水性状是一个随时间连续变化的过程,基于经典的非线性压缩和非线性渗透关系,研究考虑排水边界时间效应时固结系数随时间变化的土体一维非线性固结问题。通过分离变量法和Laplace变换技术,获得该固结问题的近似解答;再将该文解退化并与既有差分解答进行对比,从而验证近似解答正确性。基于所得解,探讨了压缩指数与渗透指数比值Cc/Ck、最终有效应力与初始有效应力比值Nq及界面参数α、β对土体固结特性的影响。结果表明：在连续排水条件下,土体内的不排水对称面的位置与界面参数有关,并且随时间会发生变化;当Cc/Ck>1时,在固结前期,土体的沉降速率随着Nq值的增大而增大,而在固结后期则相反。排水边界的界面参数取值对反映边界排水速率影响很大,因此工程中计算地基固结速率时有必要确定界面参数取值。     

一种改进的基于二元统计的HMM分词算法

中文分词是中文信息处理的基础。基于二元统计的HMM中文分词算法表现良好,但也存在易将包含常用介、副词的词进行误拆分的问题。改进的分词算法运用逆向最大匹配的思想,在计算粗分集权重的过程中,考虑了分词的词长及词序对正确切分的有利影响。该算法首先计算出二元统计粗分模型有向边的权值,然后根据词长修定权值,最后运用最短路径法求出分词结果。实验结果表明,该算法有效的解决了过分拆分的问题,分词效果良好。     

A novel hybrid feature selection method for microarray data analysis

Recently, many methods have been proposed for microarray data analysis. One of the challenges for microarray applications is to select a proper number of the most relevant genes for data analysis. In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid method for feature selection in microarray data analysis. This method first uses a genetic algorithm with dynamic parameter setting (GADP) to generate a number of subsets of genes and to rank the genes according to their occurrence frequencies in the gene subsets. Then, this method uses the χ²-test for homogeneity to select a proper number of the top-ranked genes for data analysis. We use the support vector machine (SVM) to verify the efficiency of the selected genes. Six different microarray datasets are used to compare the performance of the GADP method with the existing methods. The experimental results show that the GADP method is better than the existing methods in terms of the number of selected genes and the prediction accuracy.     

Nutch中网页排序效果的改进方法

Nutch是一个Java实现的开源搜索引擎。针对目前Nutch对中文进行单字切分且没有实现PageRank计算的缺点,改进PageRank算法,设计并实现基于MapReduce的PageRank计算方法,对Nutch中文分词进行改进,加入JE中文分词器。实验结果表明,改进后的Nutch具有更高的查询结果准确率和中文网页排序效果。