A comprehensive review of mung bean proteins: Extraction,characterization, biological potential,techno-functional properties,modifications, and applications

The popularity of plant-based proteins has increased, and mung bean protein (MBP) has gained immense attention due to its high yield, nutritional value, and health benefits. MBP is rich in lysine and has a highly digestible indispensable amino acid score. Dry and wet extractions are used to extract MBP flours and concentrates/isolates, respectively. To enhance the quality of commercial MBP flours, further research is needed to refine the purity of MBPs using dry extraction methods. Furthermore, MBP possesses various biological potential and techno-functional properties, but its use in food systems is limited by some poor functionalities, such as solubility. Physical, biological, and chemical technologies have been used to improve the techno-functional properties of MBP, which has expanded its applications in traditional foods and novel fields, such as microencapsulation, three-dimensional printing, meat analogs, and protein-based films. However, study on each modification technique remains inadequate. Future research should prioritize exploring the impact of these modifications on the biological potential of MBP and its internal mechanisms of action. This review aims to provide ideas and references for future research and the development of MBP processing technology.     

褐藻胶多糖分子修饰酶的研究进展

褐藻胶作为一种线性多糖根据其结构和组成差异具有不同的生理生化特性,在食品、医药和化妆品等领域有着巨大的应用价值和潜力。褐藻胶的这些特性主要通过褐藻胶修饰酶如褐藻胶裂解酶、甘露聚糖C5差向异构酶、褐藻胶乙酰化酶和褐藻胶脱乙酰化酶的作用控制。作者主要概述了褐藻胶修饰酶合成和修饰褐藻胶的作用机理,总结了几种褐藻胶修饰酶的来源、分类、结构、作用方式和研究进程,重点阐述了褐藻胶裂解酶和甘露聚糖C5差向异构酶的相关研究进展,并对相关研究的未来发展提出展望,可为进一步开发和应用褐藻胶及其相关修饰酶提供借鉴和参考。     

基于磁性金属有机框架分离的纳米金比色法检测单核细胞增生李斯特菌

以磁性金属有机框架复合材料作为捕获探针,免疫功能化纳米金作为信号探针,建立一种纳米金比色法快速检测单核细胞增生李斯特菌的方法。结果表明：在最适条件下,单核细胞增生李斯特菌的可视化检出限为1.2×10³ CFU/m L,紫外光谱检测结果在1.2×10¹～1.2×10⁸ CFU/mL范围内有良好的线性关系(Y=0.519-0.043X,R²=0.978),检出限低至0.45 CFU/mL,各浓度梯度的批内变异系数在0.31%～1.30%之间。将单核细胞增生李斯特菌接种到鸡胸肉上进行检测,其加标回收率在91.1%～108.7%之间,变异系数不高于7.4%,且结果与平板计数法一致。本方法具有准确、灵敏、快速等特点,在食源性致病菌检测方面具有较好的应用前景。     

Effect of pulsed electric field on the secondary structure and thermal properties of soy protein isolate

Changes of structure and thermal stability of soy protein isolate after pulsed electric field treatment were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). When the applied pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment intensity was over 35 kV/cm, the amino acid side chain, anti-parallel β-sheets, β-turn as well as β-sheets in soy protein isolate (SPI) secondary structure were significantly changed, which suggested that PEF treatment might be a new processing method for SPI; the dipole moments of some bonds, such as C=O, C–O, and C–O–C were partially polarized, accompanying with complete denaturation of β-conglycinin and glycinin obtained from DSC. Furthermore, self-reassembly from β-turn to α-helix in SPI structure abruptly happened under intense PEF treatment condition, which suggested that the PEF treatment had induced change of the orientation of α-helix dipole moment to stabilize α-helix. This observation implies that PEF treatment technique may be a novel method for preparation of protein nanotube.     

红曲中的MonacolinK及其在黄酒中的应用

主要介绍了Monacolin K的研究历史、理化性质、功能特性、检测方法及其在黄酒生产上的应用与产品开发概况,同时对它的应用前景进行了展望。     

紫甘薯色素抗菌与抗氧化作用研究进展

主要就紫甘薯色素的抗菌与抗氧化活性研究进展进行了综述,涵盖紫甘薯色素的成分与特性、提取与纯化方法、抗菌与抗氧化机理及研究现状,以期为紫甘薯的综合利用拓展方向。     

茶鲜叶和茶花水提液对胆酸盐的结合及其降血脂机理的研究

在体外模拟人体消化环境,研究分析杀青、不杀青茶鲜叶和茶花水提液在体外对各种胆酸盐的结合能力,同时探讨杀青、不杀青茶鲜叶和茶花中的主要功能性成分茶多酚与胆酸盐结合的相关关系。结果表明:杀青茶鲜叶的水提液结合胆酸盐的能力最强,其次是茶花水提液、不杀青茶鲜叶的水提液。结合各种胆酸盐能力与各种水提液的茶多酚含量呈显著性相关关系,结果初步证明茶叶、茶花的功能性成分对人体具有降血脂功能。     

Highly-hydrophobic nanofiber mat for efficient colonic delivery of lactoferrin: Preparation,characterization and release mechanism

Lactoferrin (Lf) is a bioactive protein with varied biological effects. To improve its anti-digestive stability in oral administration, a novel nanocarrier with high hydrophobicity for colonic delivery of Lf was creatively developed by modified coaxial electrospinning. First, a suitable biocompatible solvent, acetic acid, was screened as the mono-solvent for ES100 electrospinning, creating highly-hydrophobic ES100 nanofiber mat (contact angle = 133.8^o). Then, Lf-loaded W/O emulsion was prepared as the core fluid to ensure the successful coaxial electrospinning and generate Lf encapsulated core/shell nanofiber mat (ES@Lf). Lf was demonstrated maintaining structural integrity and anti-colon cancer activity during encapsulation and oral delivery. In vitro assay indicated 92.3% Lf was sustainably released in colon, and its release followed a complex mechanism in which the erosion was dominant. Instead of pH-dependent erosion, the synergistic action through gut microbiota adhesion and their metabolites, especially short-chain fatty acids, was illustrated for disintegration of ES@Lf nanofiber for the first time.     

Changes in polyphenol fractions and bacterial composition after in vitrofermentation of apple peel polyphenol by gut microbiota

The changes in polyphenol fractions after in vitro fermentation of apple peel polyphenol (APP) by gut microbiota as well as the effects of APP on the growth, pH value, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and intestinal flora composition of gut microbiota fermentation were firstly explored in this study. The relative abundance of Lactobacillus in the APP group was 49.55% with an increment of 49.40% compared with the blank group, while that of Bifidobacterium was 13.32%. Moreover, the flora produced 37.093 ± 0.478 mM of SCFAs including acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and valeric acid during the process of fermentation, thus reduced the environmental pH value. In addition, polyphenol fractions in APP were altered by gut microbiota fermentation to some extent, for example, glycosides were hydrolysed to aglycones. These findings suggested APP as a potential prebiotic agent to alleviate the disorder of intestinal flora.     

Effects of high-intensity ultrasound treatment on physiochemical properties of caseins-cyanidin-3-galactoside conjugates

The application of protein-polyphenol complexes is increasing and broadening in recent years. Due to their unique properties, these complexes are attracting increased research interest. In this study, the cyanidin-3-galactoside was grafted to the caseins using free radicles induced by ultrasound. The formation of conjugation between caseins and cyanidin-3-galactoside was confirmed by the decrease in free amino groups and sulfhydryl content. Conjugation with cyanidin-3-galactoside resulted in aggregation of caseins, which also led to increase in particle size, relative fluorescence intensity and random coil. Conjugation also disrupted the hydrogen bonds and decreased the electrostatic repulsion and hydrophobic interactions between caseins. The caseins-cyanidin-3-galactoside conjugate had better emulsifying, gelation properties and lower thermal stability than that of caseins.