Establishment-level occupational safety analytics: Challenges and opportunities

In occupational safety and health, big data and analytics show promise for the prediction and prevention of workplace injuries. Advances in computing power and analytical methods have allowed companies to reveal insights from the “big” data that previously would have gone undetected. Despite the promise, occupational safety has lagged behind other industries, such as supply chain management and healthcare, in terms of exploiting the potential of analytics and much of the data collected by organizations goes unanalyzed. The purpose of the present paper is to argue for the broader application of establishment-level safety analytics. This is accomplished by defining the terms, describing previous research, outlining the necessary components required, and describing knowledge gaps and future directions. The knowledge gaps and future directions for research in establishment-level analytics are categorized into readiness for analytics, analytics methods, technology integration, data culture, and impact of analytics.     

聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-3-羟基戊酸酯)/聚碳酸亚丙酯复合支架的构建与表征

分别采用反应性和非反应性熔融共混方法结合粒子沥滤技术以及碱处理技术构建不同质量比的聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-3-羟基戊酸酯)(PHBV)/聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)复合支架,通过表征支架的表面形态、孔隙率大小和体外降解性能,发现反应性共混法可显著改善支架的相容性和界面粘接。非反应性熔融共混法构建的支架孔隙率高于反应性共混法构建的复合支架。随着PPC含量的升高,复合支架的孔隙率升高。当PHBV/PPC质量比达50/50时,支架在PBS缓冲液中降解最快,反应性共混法构建的支架亲水性高于非反应性共混法,碱处理技术可显著改善复合支架的亲水性。这对功能重建的体内研究和临床实践具有潜在的理论价值和应用前景。     

酶促速熟过程中腐乳成分及微观结构的分析

通过研究酶促腐乳在成熟过程中的色度、蛋白质水解程度、微观结构的变化,分析添加酶制剂促熟对腐乳品质及微观结构的影响．利用扫描电子显微镜研究酶促速熟过程中腐乳的微观结构变化,通过电泳分析腐乳的蛋白质水解情况,采用中红外扫描研究酶促腐乳的成分,并与利民红方腐乳（对照样）进行对比．结果表明,酶促速熟腐乳的颜色、微观结构、蛋白水解度以及组成成分均与传统工艺生产的利民红方腐乳（对照样）基本相同,证明腐乳的加酶促进其成熟方法的可行性．     

重组质粒pMG36e-nisI-gfp在乳酸菌中的应用

本研究将带有nisI和咖（绿色荧光蛋白）基因的乳酸菌表达载体pMG36e-nisI-gfp转化至乳酸菌中,观察其在宿主内的稳定性．对重组菌进行了菌体形态、传代培养、质粒验证等研究,考察了该质粒的稳定性．结果显示：重组菌在不含抗生素的培养基中连续传代20代后,质粒丢失率低;菌体大小和形态基本不变;质粒经HindⅢ酶切后大小不变;GFP在第0、5、10、15和20代宿主菌中都可以表达,表达量没有明显差别,在SDS-PAGE中的带型一致;初步的动物实验验证了该质粒作为遗传标记的应用效果．说明该质粒在宿主菌中具有良好的稳定性．     

链霉菌TD-1代谢产物对饲料中污染霉菌的抑制作用及稳定性

采用对峙培养法,检测分离于土壤中的链霉菌TD-1代谢产物对饲料中污染霉菌构巢曲霉（Aspergillus nidulans）、纯绿青霉（Penicillium verrucosum）、赭曲霉（Aspergillus ochraceus）、黄曲霉（Aspergillus flavus）、黑曲霉（Aspergillus niger）、米曲霉（Aspergillus oryzae）、茄腐镰刀菌（Fusarium solani）、桔青霉（Penicillum citrinum）、串珠镰刀菌（Fusarium moniliforme）的抑菌活性,结果表明：TD-1菌株代谢产物对以上霉菌具有较强的抑制作用,抑菌带宽度为10 mm左右.通过TD-1菌株的代谢过程曲线发现,该菌株发酵至第6 d抑菌率达90%左右.稳定性试验结果显示：该菌株所产生的活性物质具有较好的耐热性、耐酸碱性、抗紫外辐射能力.     

超声处理对鲢鱼肉肌原纤维蛋白性质的影响

以鲢鱼为原料,研究了超声处理对鲢鱼肉肌原纤维蛋白性质的影响．结果表明：经超声处理后,肌原纤维蛋白的溶解度、起泡性及泡沫稳定性、乳化性及乳化稳定性、热稳定性均随超声时间的延长先提高后下降,且随超声频率的增大而提高．超声处理15min后,与未经超声处理的蛋白相比,80kHz作用下的蛋白溶解度提高了37．59％,起泡性和泡沫稳定性分别提高了59．16％和56．09％,乳化性和乳化稳定性分别提高了51．11％和53．84％,热稳定性提高了32．59％．经超声处理后,鲢鱼肉肌原纤维蛋白的性质可以得到有效的改善．     

Characterisation of chickpea flour‐based gluten‐free batters and muffins with added biopolymers: rheological,physical and sensory properties

Chickpea flour (CF)‐based muffin formulations were made with CF alone and with added biopolymers [whey protein (WP), xanthan gum (XG) and inulin (INL)] to evaluate their suitability to be a wheat flour (WF) substitute in muffins. Structural characteristics of the batters and muffins were studied by means of rheometry, microscopy, physicochemical properties, and texture and sensory analysis. Partial replacement of CF with XG, alone (at 0.5 and 1%) or blended with either WP or INL, significantly increased the batter viscoelasticity as denser matrices developed; moreover, the muffins with XG added at 1% had similar hardness to wheat gluten muffins. The replacement of WF decreased the springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness, resilience and specific volume of the muffin. However, baked muffins with added XG also showed higher sensory sponginess and moisture associated with numerous air bubbles in the batter and were perceived to be easier to swallow and to have better general appearance.     

Impact of cryoconcentration on casein micelle size distribution,micelles inter-distance,and flow behavior of skim milk during refrigerated storage

Cryoconcentration combined with a cascade effect was used to concentrate skim milk up to 25.12% total dry matter. Size, shape, and inter-micellar distance of casein micelles were characterized by ZetasizerNano-ZS, transmission electron microscopy, and ImageJ analyses. Flow properties of the cryoconcentrated skim milk were evaluated during 5 weeks of storage under refrigerated condition at 4 °C. Milk color was also evaluated according to the L*, a*, and b* system. The cryoconcentrated skim milk obtained after three cryoconcentration cycles was characterized by a monomodal distribution of its micelles with a tendency to smaller casein micelles. Approximately 60% of the total micellar volume was occupied by the casein micelles with a size of 100–200 nm, less than 18% of the volume with a size of 50–100 nm and only less than 1% was occupied by micelles with a size > 350 nm. This result shows that cryoconcentration changed the distribution of the mean size of the casein micelles to smaller units. No significant difference was observed on the inter-micellar distance. Cryoconcentration significantly improved the color of skim milk by increasing the L* value up to 67 which was similar to that of whole milk. Transition from a Newtonian to a non-Newtonian behavior was observed from the fourth week storage with a slight increase of casein micelle size.Industrial relevanceA concentration procedure of skim milk based on a complete block cryoconcentration technique was proposed. Application of this sub-zero technology permitted the concentration of skim milk total dry matter up to 25%. The casein micelle size was positively affected by moving the major part of the micelles toward the smaller size, whereas the inter-micellar distance was not affected. This new knowledge can be exploited in milk-based products to enhance the product stability. The cryoconcentrated skim milk color was positively affected since its L* value, which represents the milk whiteness, was significantly improved. The flow behavior of the cryoconcentrated milk was of Newtonian type up to 4 weeks of storage at 4 °C. The generated knowledge in this study can be easily used by the milk processing industry in order to make stable milk product with high dry matter content without adding milk powder, which negatively affects the product sensory properties (floury consistency).     

The analysis of trans fatty acid profiles in deep frying palm oil and chicken fillets with an improved gas chromatography method

An improved gas chromatography method for the simultaneous separation of 52 fatty acids (FAs) has been developed. For both oleic acid and linoleic acid, a good resolution was achieved for their positional and geometrical (cis/trans) isomers. This method was validated to be precise, accurate and sensitive. With this method, the FAs profiles in palm oil and chicken fillets were analyzed. In general, small changes were observed in the composition of FAs and formation of trans isomers after 8 h frying at the temperature lower than 200 °C. However, with extreme deep-frying process, the thermal degradation and TFAs formation in frying oil increased in direct proportion to frying temperature and time. Moreover, the FAs composition of fried chicken fillets was found to be mostly in correspondence with that of the frying oil, which might be due to the oil absorption or interaction between the frying oils and frying materials.     

《食品营养强化剂使用标准》实施跟踪评价

目的调查食品企业对GB 14880—2012《食品营养强化剂使用标准》的满意度及标准实施对企业的影响。方法 2014年通过问卷调查的方式在全国25个省针对强化食品生产企业相关人员开展调查,共回收有效问卷686份,采用描述性分析、卡方检验等进行统计学分析。结果 686位受访者对标准知晓率为87.61%(601/686),以5分为满分,对标准可操作性平均得分为4.325分;合理性平均得分为4.293分;92.15%(552/599)食品企业为新标准实施采取了相应措施,新标准实施对食品企业起到了正向的推动作用,同时增加了检验成本。结论食品企业对GB 14880—2012《食品营养强化剂使用标准》的知晓率及满意度较高,标准实施推动了食品企业的正向发展,同时带来了一定执行成本。