A new system design for the preparation of copper/activated carbon catalyst by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition method

A metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique was used to prepare heterogeneous metallic catalyst supported on activated carbon. A new system design was built to achieve higher metal loading within a shorter preparation time. In the optimization of system parameters, higher metal loading can be achieved by using longer deposition time, optimum carrier gas flow rate, higher operating temperature of either evaporation zone or a deposition zone or a smaller amount of porous support. Several techniques were carried out to characterize the catalyst such as physisorption, X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma—optical emission spectroscopy and scanning electronic microscopy assisted with the Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). It was found that the BET specific surface area and total adsorption volume of the prepared catalysts were reduced after metal deposition, due to the formation of the deposited copper onto the porous media both externally and internally. The morphology of the cylindrical Cu/AC was analyzed by SEM-EDX. The results show that the metal was deposited with a reasonably uniform distribution onto the inner part of the porous support.     

舰船装备多级链路设计与实现

在远程控制领域中,网络化控制技术已经比较成熟,但在舰船通信装备控制网络中,需要具有串行和从属关系的多级链路的控制应用。利用初始会话协议(Session Initiation Protocol,SIP)可以方便地建立起多级链路,SIP协议自带的状态机组足以应付复杂的多级链路控制;同时在链路建立的情况下,SIP协议中的信息方法(INFO)可以方便地传输、交换私有控制信息和反馈信息,实现舰船通信装备的多级链路控制。     

地椒叶腺毛发育的扫描电镜观察

利用扫描电子显微镜对地椒不同发育时期叶表面的腺毛进行了观察,结果表明:地椒叶的腺毛有两种类型,头状腺毛和盾状腺毛.头状腺毛由1个基细胞、1个柄细胞和1个头部分泌细胞组成;盾状腺毛由1个基细胞、1个柄细胞和12个头部分泌细胞组成,4个在中央,8个在边缘;两种腺毛均在芽中已经发育完成,发育过程中,头状腺毛几乎没有很大变化,...     

一种面向嵌入式软件体系结构的形式化建模方法

为了解决MARTE（Modeling and Analysis of Real Time and Embedded systems）在建立嵌入式软件模型时不够精确的问题,结合Object-Z和PTA（Probabilistic Timed Automation）的优点,本文提出了一种集成的形式化建模方法--PTA-OZ.该方法不仅能够对嵌入式软件模型的静态语义和动态语义进行精确描述,而且通过模型转换规则,能够将MARTE模型转换为PTA-OZ模型.并对模型转换的语义一致性进行了验证,证明本文方法在转换过程能够保持结构语义和行为语义的一致性.最后通过实例模型描述从嵌入式软件建模到属性检验的过程.     

Microencapsulation and controlled release of α-tocopherol by complex coacervation between pea protein and tragacanth gum: A comparative study with arabic and tara gums

The ability of pea protein isolates (PPI) to form complex coacervates with tragacanth gum (TRAG) was used for the microencapsulation of α-tocopherol mixture with pH-dependent release properties. The microcapsules were compared to three other models: PPI alone, PPI and gum arabic (PPI-GAC, known to form microcapsules of complex coacervates), and PPI and tara gum (PPI-TARA, non-ionic polysaccharides). The behaviors of the complex coacervates and microcapsules were studied according to the protein/polysaccharide mixture and protein/polysaccharide ratio. The formation of complex coacervates from the PPI-TRAG and PPI-GAC mixtures impacted the particle size of the liquid suspensions and microcapsules, the efficiency of encapsulation and the active release profile. An interesting gastroprotective behavior was identified for the PPI-TRAG mixture at the 1:1 ratio in simulated digestion media. Overall, the results showed the ability of PPI associated with polysaccharides to form microcapsules with a pH-dependent release behavior, that is promising in the field of gastroprotective microencapsulation.     

Effect of heat-shock protein B7 on oxidative stress in adipocytes from preruminant calves

Dairy cows with ketosis display excessive lipolysis in adipose tissue. Heat-shock protein B7 (HSPB7), a small heat-shock protein, plays important roles in mediating cytoprotective responses to oxidative stress in rodent adipose tissue. Accordingly, it is assumed that HSPB7 may also play important roles in the antioxidant response in adipose tissue of ketotic cows. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate (1) the redox state of adipose tissue in ketotic cows and (2) the role and mechanism of HSPB7 on the regulation of oxidative stress in adipocytes from preruminant calves. An in vivo study consisting of 15 healthy and 15 clinically ketotic cows was performed to harvest subcutaneous adipose tissue and blood samples. In addition, adipocytes isolated from calves were treated with different concentrations of H₂O₂ (0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, or 200 μM) for 2 h, transfected with adenovirus-mediated overexpression of HSPB7 for 48 h, or transfected with small interfering RNA of HSPB7 for 48 h followed by exposure to H₂O₂ (200 μM) for 2 h. Serum concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate were greater in cows with clinical ketosis, whereas serum concentration of glucose was lower. Compared with healthy cows, the malondialdehyde content was greater but the activity of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase was lower in adipose tissue of clinically ketotic cows. The abundance of HSPB7 and nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (NFE2L2) was greater in adipose tissue of clinically ketotic cows. In vitro, H₂O₂ treatment induced the overproduction of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, and inhibited the activity of antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in adipocytes from preruminant calves. The low concentration of H₂O₂ (12.5, 25, and 50 μM) increased the abundance of HSPB7 and NFE2L2, but high concentrations of H₂O₂ (100 or 200 μM) reduced the abundance of HSPB7 and NFE2L2. The overexpression of HSPB7 improved the H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress in adipocytes via increasing the abundance of NFE2L2 and its downstream target genes heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1) and NADH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). Knockdown of HSPB7 markedly inhibited the expression of NFE2L2, HMOX1, and NQO1 and further exacerbated H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress. Overall, these results indicate that activation of the HSPB7-NFE2L2 pathway increases cellular antioxidant capacity, thereby alleviating oxidative stress in bovine adipocytes.     

《食品环境监测》课程教学改革初探

食品环境监测是一门以农产品和食品生产环境为对象,以分析化学和管理科学为理论基础,研究食品环境的基本性质、变化规律和监测技术的应用技术课程,是食品科学与环境科学交叉形成的一门新学科。笔者根据食品环境监测课程的特点,从实际出发,对食品环境监测课程的教学改革进行初步探讨,从调动学生的积极性、教学方法、教学内容等方面进行了教学改革。     

海洋细菌来源几丁质酶的研究进展

海洋环境中有总量巨大的几丁质资源,细菌为主的海洋微生物能用产生的几丁质酶将长链几丁质水解为可利用单体,从而海洋维持碳氮循环的平衡,具有重要的生态意义。同时,工业上利用几丁质酶制备N-乙酰-D-氨基葡萄糖和几丁寡糖具有较大应用价值。迄今为止,研究者已鉴定了30多种海洋细菌所产的几丁质酶。本文着重介绍海洋几丁质的结构和来源、几丁质酶的作用方式和海洋细菌来源几丁质酶的催化性质,并且分析了几丁质酶在农业、医药和食品领域的应用。几丁质酶有望成为一种新型的工业酶制剂。     

可拆装PE-RT低温热管蓄冷装置及其使用碳氢制冷剂的蓄冷效果

基于热管技术,设计并制作了一套低成本、可快速拆装的PE-RT热管蓄冷装置,用高密度聚乙烯(PE-RT)导热塑料管替代紫铜管作为热管管材,用新型碳氢制冷剂HCR22作为热管循环工质,以蓄冷量为指标,研究了2种材质热管组在不同充液率和不同换热面积比时的蓄冷效果。试验结果表明:与同管径、同结构尺寸的铜质热管组相同,PE-RT热管组的最佳充液率也是33%,最佳充液时,PE-RT热管组的最优换热面积比同样是2.81;热管组蓄冷72h,PE-RT热管组和铜质热管组的储水槽水温分别降低13.52,15.30℃,PE-RT热管组的蓄冷量为铜质热管组的88.37%。该研究为PE-RT低温热管的推广和应用提供依据。