钙对生物质/塑料混合物共热解特性及动力学的影响

为了探究Ca2+对生物质/塑料混合物热解的影响,采用热重分析法研究了Ca2+浸渍酸洗玉米秸秆(ACS)/高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)混合物(AHM)的热解特性.结果表明,Ca2+的添加,使得AHM的初始分解温度以及第一失重峰对应温度均有所降低;此外,由于Ca2+的添加,AHM的第二失重峰对应温度基本不变,最大失重速率有所增...     

2K-H型人字齿周转轮系的免组装设计与成型

为了解决人字齿周转轮系加工、装配的难题,提出利用3D打印技术制造免组装人字齿周转轮系的新工艺。通过理论推导,建立变位系数、齿侧间隙与齿轮基本参数之间的关系。利用建立的关系式,对行星轮进行负变位,设计具有微量齿侧间隙的2K-H型人字齿周转轮系。利用熔融沉积成型实验平台使设计的人字齿周转轮系成型,成型后的人字齿周转轮系齿轮啮合传动正常,设计、制作相应辅件,将其装配成减速步进电机。结果表明,通过合适的间隙设计,可以利用3D打印技术实现人字齿周转轮系的免组装制造,为小尺寸、一体式人字齿周转轮系个性化定制提供了一种具有工业应用前景的全新解决方案。     

源自螺旋藻渣枯草芽孢杆菌发酵抗菌肽SP-AP-1和伊枯草菌素对金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌机制对比研究

目的:研究枯草芽孢杆菌发酵螺旋藻渣的发酵液中分离出的抗菌肽SP-AP-1和伊枯草菌素对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌机理.方法:采用紫外分光光度法、邻硝基苯-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷法和原子吸收光谱法研究抗菌肽对金黄色葡萄球菌细胞膜通透性的影响;采用考马斯亮蓝法、十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和琼脂糖凝胶电泳考察抗菌肽对金黄色葡...     

三角网格曲面共形参数化研究综述

曲面参数化是计算机图形学和计算机辅助设计中的一个重要问题,有着广泛的应用背景.曲面参数化旨在谋求从三维曲面到某参数区域变换过程中某些内蕴几何量(例如边长、角度、面积)的变形最小化.保角参数化前后保持曲面局部形状,又称作共形参数化.本文针对三角网格曲面,介绍了共形参数化领域的研究现状.根据目标参数域的不同,主要讨论了平面...     

Performance characteristics of the roller-gap particle classifier

An investigation was made of the performance characteristics of a classifier in which particles fall through the gap between a pair of counter-rotating rollers with diverging axes, located in a plane inclined to the horizontal. Particles travel downhill between the rollers until the gap exceeds the least dimension of the particle, which then falls into one of a series of adjacent bins placed directly beneath the gap. A critical feed rate was found which, if exceeded, results in an error in the measured size distribution of the particles in the direction of the larger sizes. The critical feed rate was found to be a function of mean particle size and particle density, and of the angle of inclination of the rollers.     

基于16S rRNA的徽派腊肉加工过程中微生物群落结构分析

为探究徽派腊肉加工过程中的微生物群落演替规律,采用高通量测序技术对不同加工阶段的徽派腊肉中微生物16S rRNA进行V3～V4区测序,比较不同加工阶段(鲜肉、腌制中期、腌制结束、成熟中期、成熟结束)腊肉中细菌群落结构组成及多样性差异.结果表明:5个加工阶段分别获得80155、80116、80174、80114、8017...     

高寒草原地区安格斯和西门塔尔母牛血液及肌内脂肪酸组成特性

随机采集48 月龄安格斯和西门塔尔母牛各37 头血液样品以及用于肉质分析的各5 头母牛背最长肌肉样。样品经过前处理和甲酯化后,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪测定脂肪酸组成和含量,对血液和肌内脂肪酸组成特性进行分析。结果表明：安格斯和西门塔尔母牛血液和肌内脂肪中均测得36 种脂肪酸,样品中均含有51%以上的高含量饱和脂肪酸（saturated fatty acids,SFA）,且具有以棕榈酸和硬脂酸为主的组成特点,二者总含量分别约占血液和肌内脂肪SFA的92%和89%;不饱和脂肪酸（unsaturated fatty acids,UFA）中油酸相对含量最高,其次为亚油酸;血液和肌内脂肪的油酸含量均约占单不饱和脂肪酸总量的87%,UFA中各主要脂肪酸组成在血液中有显著性差异,而在肌内脂肪中无显著性差异;血液和肌内脂肪中n-6/n-3 PUFA均符合联合国粮农组织（United Nations Food Agriculture Organization,FAO）推荐比例（5～10）,血液中P/S高于世界卫生组织（World Health Organization,WHO）推荐标准（≥0.4）。综上所述,高寒草原饲养的纯种安格斯和西门塔尔母牛血液和肌内脂肪酸组成特性相似,UFA符合FAO和WHO理想比值及推荐标准,具有较高的营养价值。     

Foodborne enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli: Identification and enumeration on nitrocellulose membrane by enzyme immunoassay

A solid-phase enzyme immunoassay capable of direct enumeration of Escherichia coli that produce heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) has been developed. Pure or mixed cultures of bacteria or artificially contaminated foods were plated on nitrocellulose membranes placed on semisynthetic agar containing lincomycin. After overnight growth, the colonies were lysed in situ and were reacted with rabbit antiserum to LT. The presence of rabbit IgG in a colony was detected by goat antirabbit IgG peroxidase conjugate. Results of 71 strains tested by this method were in complete accord with LT assays performed by the mouse Y-1 adrenal cells. Three foods, namely, oysters, raw milk and Brie cheese, containing 2 × 10⁶, 1.3 × 10⁵ and 3.9 × 10⁶ total plate count, respectively, were artificially contaminated with known levels of toxigenic E. coli. Upon analysis of membrane filters on which a range of 1 × 10³ to 10⁴ cells was deposited, 1 to 10 LT⁺E. coli could be enumerated with a recovery greater than 85%. The test on foods can be completed in approximately 30 h. The test is sensitive enough to visualize 1 ng of pure LT contained in 1 mm² area of the membrane.