Delaunay三角剖分在放射治疗计划轮廓线重建中的应用

靶器官与关键器官二维轮廓线序列的三维重建,是三维放射治疗计划系统（3 dimension therapy planning system,3D-TPS）的重要组成部分,它能帮助计划者以任意视角获取病人内部组织和病变体的大小、位置、形状等三维空间信息.本文在回顾3D Delaunay三角剖分的定义、性质和基本算法的基础上,运用可视化类库Visualization Toolkit（VTK）中封装的3D Delaunay类,编程实现了脊柱和肿瘤二维轮廓线序列的三维重建.结果表明,Delaunay三角剖分方法具有稳定、耗时少、内存占用量小等优点,对轮廓线点集的数据三维分布没有特殊限制等优点.     

基于FCM算法与互信息量的图像自动分割

传统的阈值分割算法只考虑到图像的灰度信息,而忽略了灰度的空间分布以及分割后图像与原图像之间的关系。本文从分割图像与原图像的内在联系出发,提出了一种新的基于FCM算法与互信息量技术相结合的分割算法,即FCM-MI算法。首先利用FCM算法确定全局阈值作为初值,以互信息量为目标函数,在小范围内计算分割图像与原图像的互信息量,互互信息量达到最大时的阈值即为最优值。对大量医学图像和车牌图像进行的实验结果表明,本算法所得到的目标图像的边界特征保持完好,虚假目标信息大大降低,图像边界细腻、连续且定位性能好。     

基于模糊马尔可夫场的脑部MR图像分割算法

在传统马尔可夫场模型的基础上,建立了模糊马尔可夫场模型。通过对模型的分析得出图像像素对不同类的隶属度计算公式,提出了一种高效、无监督的图像分割算法,从而实现了对脑部MR图像的精确分割。通过对模拟脑部MR图像和临床脑部MR图像分割实验,表明新算法比传统的基于马尔可夫场的图像分割算法和模糊C-均值等图像分割算法有更精确的图像分割能力。     

Geometry of 2D components

A computer program is presented that has been developed to describe the 2D geometry of turned and milled components. The main feature of the program is its ability to accept geometrical elements that are not completely defined by their own data. Such elements are processed with the help of information supplied for the neighbouring elements.     

菌蚀型功能材料的合成与生物降解

设计与合成一种菌蚀型功能材料,探讨在模拟结肠环境下,材料降解性能与化学结构关系.用对甲基丙烯酰胺偶氮苯(BMAAB)为偶联剂,以偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,以甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为共单体,合成聚甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯-甲基丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸甲酯[P(HEMA-MAA-MMA)]无规偶氮聚合物.用紫外、红外、核磁共振手段进行化学结构测定.测定该材料溶胀性能,建立体外厌氧条件下模拟结肠环境模型,用GPC凝胶色谱法、DSC差热分析法与SEM 扫描电镜法.比较聚合物降解前后分子量、热性能与形态变化.试验结果表明, 材料溶胀指数Q随材料中HEMA-MAA含量增加而增大.材料在模拟结构内容液环境中,降解程度与材料中亲水组分含量直接相关.该材料具有菌蚀功能,有望作为结肠靶向给药系统载体.     

Isolation and characterization of Listeria monocytogenes in Chinese food obtained from the central area of China

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from Chinese food, including frozen dumplings, flavored raw meat, roasted meat, braised meat, and a cold vegetable dish with sauce. A total of 900 food samples were collected from supermarkets, open-air markets, and delicatessens in three large cities in the central area of China to examine the presence of L. monocytogenes; 21 (2.3%) of the samples were positive for this pathogen. Among the different samples, braised meat showed the highest L. monocytogenes detection rate (4.4%). Samples obtained from delicatessens showed a much higher L. monocytogenes contamination rate (8.3%) than those from open-air markets (6.7%) or supermarkets (0%). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis indicated that the 21 bacterial isolates belonged to 12 ST subgroups. ST5 was the largest and contained 7 isolates (33.3%); it was followed by ST474, ST121 and ST9 (each containing 2 isolates [10.5%]). Antibiotic susceptibility analysis showed that the 21 L. monocytogenes isolates were thoroughly resistant to cefoxitin but highly susceptible to doxycycline and ciprofloxacin. The presence of 10 virulence genes was evaluated by PCR, which showed that inlA, inlC, inlJ, prfA, hlyA, and plcB were present in all isolates and that inlB, actA, plcA and iap were present in 71.4–90.5% of the isolates. This study provides a useful reference for risk assessment and control of L. monocytogenes contamination in Chinese food and for the treatment of clinical listeriosis.