品种和地区效应对燕麦β-葡聚糖含量的影响

收集了16种在内蒙古武川和卓资山种植的不同品种的燕麦籽粒,采用刚果红分光光度法测定其β-葡聚糖含量。结果表明:品种对燕麦β-葡聚糖含量有着显著的影响,变幅在4.75%～7.12%,最大差异达2.37个百分点;相同品种不同地区的燕麦其β-葡聚糖含量差异不显著。     

L.casei Zhang对小鼠T淋巴细胞亚群及血清IgG和肠黏膜SIgA的影响

对从内蒙古传统发酵酸马奶中分离筛选的L．casei Zhang对小鼠T淋巴细胞亚群、血清IgG和肠黏膜SIgA的影响进行了研究。结果表明，L．casei Zhang可以显著提高小鼠外周血中CD^3＋、CD^4＋、CD^8＋的比例，优化了CD^4＋／CD^8＋比值．同时L.casei Zhang可以显著增加小鼠血清IgG质量浓度和小鼠肠膝膜SIgA质量浓度。这些结果说明了L．casei Zhang对小鼠的细胞免疫、体液免疫及肠黏膜局部免疫具有调节功能。     

Characterization and adsorption of a Lactobacillus plantarum virulent phage

Bacteriophage infection of lactic acid bacteria is considered one of the biggest worldwide problems in the food industry. Bacteriophages may cause negative effects on the fermentation of various dairy-based products. A virulent bacteriophage was isolated from an abnormal fermentation liquid of Lactobacillus plantarum IMAU10120. The characterization and influence of temperature, pH, divalent cations, and chloramphenicol on the adsorption ability of this phage were evaluated. The results showed that this phage belonged to the Siphoviridae family. It exhibited a burst time of 135 min and a burst size of approximately 215 counts expressed per milliliter per infective center. No significant effect was shown to influence its viability and adsorption at 10 to 37°C. More than 90% of phages exhibited infectivity from pH 5 to 9. Divalent ions and chloramphenicol did not have a significant influence on the adsorption of this phage. The information obtained in this study will enrich the database of lactobacilli virulent phages and provide a basis of information for the control of phages in the food fermentation industry.     

硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶1基因表达对草原安格斯牛血液脂肪酸组成的影响

研究硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶1(stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1,SCD1)基因表达对草原安格斯牛血液脂肪酸组成的影响,采集38头平均体质量(698±34)?kg、48月龄草原安格斯牛血液样品,测定其脂肪酸组成与含量,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应测定SCD1基因表达量,一代测序技术检测SC...     

正向近冰点温度下肉牛骨骼肌主要生化指标变化特性的研究

本文对30头肉牛宰后经电刺激的胴体从背最长肌肉处取样在近冰点温度(1～-1℃)下贮存10d过程中游离Ca2+、ATP、总游离氨基酸、糖原、失水率的变化进行了研究。结果表明,10d中糖原、总游离氨基酸、ATP、失水率的变化几乎是同步的,均在刚宰后的0～1d(24h)中变化明显,第2d(48h)是转折点,而游离Ca2+第3d(72h)是转折点。作出了相应的变化曲线图,对指标间作Pearson相关性分析表明:游离钙与可溶性磷、游离钙与失水率、可溶性磷与失水率、糖原与总游离氨基酸、糖原与可溶性磷之间相关系数均极显著(p<0.01);游离钙与糖原之间相关系数显著(p<0.05);并且得出了相应的相关方程。对牛肉样的五项指标进行综合分析可知:所测定的牛肉样品在宰后约13.5h就进入了僵直起始阶段,而到宰后接近48h僵直达到了最大化。     

沙葱及其提取物对肉羊体脂4-烷基支链脂肪酸沉积与分布的影响

本实验旨在研究沙葱及其提取物对肉羊体脂4-烷基支链脂肪酸沉积与分布的影响.选取3月龄体质量((23.67±3.43) kg)相近、体况良好的健康小尾寒羊公羊60只,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复5只.对照组饲喂基础日粮;实验组以每只羊计,分别在基础日粮中添加沙葱粉10 g/d、沙葱水提物3.4 g/d和沙葱醇提物...     

Development of a non-target metabolomics-based screening method for elucidating metabolic and probiotic potential of bifidobacteria

Traditional in vitro screening assays for identifying probiotics often fail to provide a metabolomic overview of candidate strains. Thus, this work aimed to develop a non-target metabolomics-based method for screening bifidobacteria from a broad perspective. First, methods for extracting intracellular metabolites of bifidobacteria were compared. Methanol extraction with bead mill and sonication was selected as it yielded the highest metabolome signal intensity and coverage. Multivariate analyses revealed obvious differences in the intracellular metabolome between species/strains. Fourteen differential metabolites that have previously been reported to possess probiotic function were identified. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Probio-M8 (M8) had significantly more intracellular lactose than other species/strains but showed lower cell density and viable counts in stationary phase. Adding lactose in the culture medium significantly enhanced the growth of M8 strain but not other tested bifidobacteria. This work provided a new screening method and practical data for selecting potential candidates for further validation.     

谷氨酸棒杆菌合成脂肪酸的研究进展

脂肪酸对于工业以及生物体都具有极其重要的作用。谷氨酸棒杆菌被广泛用于氨基酸、核苷酸以及脂肪酸等高附加值化学品的工业生产。文章结合近年来谷氨酸棒杆菌生产脂肪酸取得的最新成果,综述了脂肪酸微生物合成的代谢途径以及代谢工程进展,并展望了将来的研究方向。     

两种放牧方式对绒山羊肉抗氧化系统的影响

以草场放牧、山地放牧两种方式下的绒山羊背最长肌为实验材料,测定背最长肌的色泽、肌红蛋白含量、 丙二醛含量、氧合肌红蛋白相对含量、高铁肌红蛋白相对含量、抗氧化酶活力和总抗氧化能力等指标并进行比较分 析。结果表明：草场放牧绒山羊肉的红度、过氧化氢酶活力、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力和自由基清除率均显著高于 山地放牧（P＜0.05）;草场放牧绒山羊肉亮度、黄度、高铁肌红蛋白相对含量、丙二醛含量均显著低于山地放牧 （P＜0.05）,但两种放牧方式绒山羊肉的肌红蛋白含量、氧合肌红蛋白相对含量、超氧化物歧化酶活力和总抗氧 化能力没有显著差异（P＞0.05）。在草场放牧条件下,绒山羊能摄食大量绿色牧草,并且有适宜的运动量,增加 了抗氧化酶的活力和肉色稳定性,自由基的产生和清除达到了平衡,从而使其肉品的抗氧化能力高于山地放牧。