乙丙嵌段共聚物相对分子质量及链结构对PP/EPR共混体系结构与性能的影响

设计合成了一系列不同相对分子质量和乙烯平均序列长度的乙丙嵌段共聚物（EP）,并将其作为聚丙烯（PP）/二元乙丙橡胶（EPR）共混体系的增容剂,考察了EP用量、相对分子质量及乙烯平均序列长度对共混体系性能及分散相形态演变的影响。结果表明,EP增容PP/EPR体系时存在最佳添加量,少量EP的加入可有效提高PP/EPR共混体系的抗冲击性能,并对分散相尺寸及形态起到良好的调控作用;同时,EP的相对分子质量越大对共混体系的冲击性能提高越明显,EP的组成与EPR越接近,对共混体系的增容效果越明显。     

Industrial waste silica-alumina gel recycling: Low-temperature synthesis of mullite whiskers for mass production

The increasing demand for mullite whisker-reinforced, toughened ceramic materials and mullite raw materials that meet industrial requirements has prompted the search for new and alternative sources, as well as effective technologies to obtain the target products. In this work, mullite whiskers of high purity were synthesized by a vapor-liquid–solid (V-L-S) process using industrial waste silica-alumina gel and Al₂(SO₄)₃·18H₂O as raw materials, with AlF₃·3H₂O and Na₂SO₄ as additives. The effects of sintering temperatures on the mullitization reactions and mullite morphology were investigated by XRD, TG-DTA, SEM and so forth. The results suggest that the introduction of AlF₃·3H₂O and Na₂SO₄ alters the mullitization reaction path, which leads to an initial mullitization reaction temperature of 720 °C. The SEM results demonstrate that mullite whiskers transformed from secondary growth to anisotropic growth when the sintering temperature was increased from 720 °C to 825 °C. By analyzing the experimental results, the mechanism of AlF₃·3H₂O-assisted growth of mullite whiskers with Na₂SO₄ as the liquid phase template is proposed based on the “dissolution-precipitation” process. Herein, a novel and feasible solution for the recycling of silica-rich industrial waste is proposed, which offers new and simple insights into the high value-added recycling of industrial waste, which provides new ideas for the actual mass production of mullite whiskers.     

乳液聚合法制备聚合物/石墨烯复合材料研究进展

综述了近些年来使用乳液聚合法制备聚合物/石墨烯复合材料的国内外研究现状,详细阐述了制备聚合物/石墨烯复合材料的乳液聚合方法,总结了乳液聚合法中聚合物的种类和石墨烯的改性方法以及复合材料的性能改善,并对乳液聚合法制备聚合物/石墨烯复合材料的应用领域和研究方向进行了展望。     

电沉积法回收废催化剂镍

研究了电沉积法回收工业废催化剂镍的可能性，通过实验确定最佳工艺条件，实验结果表明，该方法工艺简单，经济效益好，是一种有效的回收工业废催化剂镍的新方法。     

聚丙烯汽车保险杠专用料的开发进展

介绍了国内外PP汽车保险杠及专用料的发展状况，综述了我国改性聚丙烯(PP)汽车保险杠专用料的性能和研究应用情况，并探讨了改性PP的今后的发展前景。     

层状结构氧化石墨烯/聚丙烯接枝磺化苯乙烯/聚苯胺复合抗静电剂的制备及应用

以苯胺、聚丙烯接枝磺化苯乙烯、氧化石墨烯为反应原料,以盐酸为掺杂剂,通过苯胺原位聚合及大分子反应制备了氧化石墨烯/聚丙烯接枝磺化苯乙烯/聚苯胺（GO/PP-g-SPS/PANI）层状结构的复合材料。研究了复合材料的体积电阻率及反应物配比对复合材料体积电阻的影响。分别采用FTIR、XPS对复合材料进行了结构分析,并采用SEM对复合材料结构形貌进行了表征,同时研究了将其添加到PP中的抗静电性能。研究结果表明： GO/PP-g-SPS/PANI制备最佳配比为质量比m_PP-g-SPS∶m_GO∶m_ANI=30∶15∶1时,材料体积电阻率最小为120Ω·mm。添加到PP中导电逾渗阈值为0.7%（质量分数）,PP材料的体积电阻率达到最低值4.5×10¹⁰Ω·mm,比纯PP降低了6个数量级,拉伸强度提高了2.8MPa。SEM形貌图表明GO/PP-g-SPS/PANI以GO为骨架表面层状蜂窝结构,聚合物大分子镶嵌在GO片层间,与PP共混物界面具有良好的相容性。     

聚苯胺/聚丙烯酸(酯)复合材料制备方法研究进展

聚苯胺/聚丙烯酸(酯)复合材料具有良好的可加工性、成膜性、附着力、电学性能以及防腐蚀性能。本文回顾了国内外在聚苯胺/聚丙烯酸(酯)混合复合材料和聚苯胺/聚丙烯酸(酯)聚合复合材料等方面的研究工作, 介绍了各种聚苯胺/聚丙烯酸(酯)复合材料的制备方法、性能及应用, 并比较了这些制备方法的优缺点。分析结果表明:混合复合法工艺简单、易于控制、适用范围广;聚合复合法将聚苯胺和聚丙烯酸(酯)在分子水平上结合, 使聚苯胺和聚丙烯酸(酯)的优异性能得以综合发挥;而互穿网络聚合法通过网络互穿实现了两种差别较大的分子链的强制相溶。提出在分子水平上的复合是聚苯胺/聚丙烯酸(酯)复合材料研究的主要发展方向。     

Improvement in thermal shock resistance of gadolinium zirconate coating by addition of nanostructured yttria partially-stabilized zirconia

Gadolinium zirconate (Gd₂Zr₂O₇, GZ) as one of the promising thermal barrier coating materials for high-temperature application in gas turbine was toughened by nanostructured 3 mol% yttria partially-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) incorporation. The fracture toughness of the composite of 90 mol% GZ-10 mol% YSZ (GZ–YSZ) was increased by about 60% relative to the monolithic GZ. Both the GZ and GZ–YSZ composite coatings were deposited by atmospheric plasma spraying on Ni-base superalloys and then thermal-shock tested under the same conditions. The thermal-shock lifetime of GZ–YSZ composite coating was improved, which is believed to be mainly attributed to the enhancement of fracture toughness by the addition of YSZ. In addition, the failure mechanisms of the thermal-shock tested GZ–YSZ composite coatings were discussed.     

双模板作用下3DOM ZnO/ZrO2-TiO2（P123）的制备及表征

同时在聚苯乙烯(PS)微球和三嵌段共聚物EO20PO70EO20(P123)双模板剂作用下,经溶胶-凝胶及煅烧后处理的方法制备了三维有序大孔(3DOM)复合材料ZnO/ZrO2-TiO2(P123)。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶-红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜配合X射线能量色散谱仪(SEM-EDS)和N2吸附-脱附测定等测试手段对其元素组成、晶型结构、表面形貌以及表面物理化学性质等进行了表征。结果显示,经PS微球和P123双模板处理后的复合材料3DOM ZnO/ZrO2-TiO2(P123)主要晶型结构为锐钛矿,同时,三维空间的大孔结构排列规则、整齐而有序,其大孔平均直径约为100 nm,且复合材料的BET比表面积高达202.8 m2/g,大孔孔壁的介孔孔径分布也更加均一。     

Study on cross-linking agent of a novel one-component API adhesive

The high reactivity and toxicity of isocyanates do not allow their storage and use in one-component system aqueous polymer isocyanate adhesives. Blocked isocyanates are a solution to protect the isocyanate groups by blocking with suitable blocking agent. In order to obtain eco-friendly systems and eliminate the effect of the organic solvents on environment, the blocked isocyanates can be dispersed in water by using external emulsifier by incorporating hydrophilic groups into the backbone. In this work, a series of waterborne blocked polyisocyanate dispersions were prepared by anionic modified process, using polyaryl polyisocyanate (PAPI), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP), and dimethylol propionic acid. Particle sizes were measured and compared by laser particle sizer and scanning electron microscopy. The structures of aqueous dispersions were characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR, and ¹³C NMR, and results confirmed that the –NCO groups are effectively blocked by –OH groups. Thermal property was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry; then, kinetic parameters, ΔE, and n were deduced. It was found that the deblocking temperature of aqueous dispersion is about 55?°C. Hydrophilicity was characterized by measuring the water contact angles. The experimental results showed that the contact angle of solvent-borne solution is 68.6°, while that of aqueous dispersion is only 25.2°, which indicated that the hydrophilicity of waterborne TCP-blocked PAPI increases for the introduced hydrophilic group compared with solvent-borne TCP-blocked PAPI. The compressive shear strength was tested to evaluate wood bonding performance of the adhesive.