长沙坝水库除险加固关键技术

长沙坝水库大坝为浆砌石拱坝,经过30多年运行,存在诸多安全问题,需进行除险加固。经过对主要技术问题的计算分析,采取锚固、加厚坝体、灌浆等针对性加固措施后,大坝坝体应力满足规范要求。左右岸不对称变形、右坝肩绕坝渗漏问题已得到较好的控制,消力池及左岸危岩体对大坝安全的威胁也已消除。工程恢复蓄水后,经过近4 a的观测,水库各项监测指标正常,除险加固效果明显,工程安全可靠。     

高喷灌浆在阿海水电站围堰混凝土防渗墙 缺陷处理中的应用

基于高喷灌浆技术在阿海水电站围堰混凝土防渗墙缺陷处理中的应用,首先介绍了在复杂地 层建造混凝土防渗墙时易发生的各类事故及其相关处理措施,然后着重介绍了高喷灌浆技术在阿海水 电站上游围堰混凝土防渗墙缺陷处理中的成功应用。     

南水北调中线工程输水调度初始控制策略研究

南水北调中线工程输水干线由61个节制闸控制水流。根据各渠段内进出流量及渠道内初末状态体积的变化,可以将调度过程中各渠道的流量体积变化归纳为关闭充水、关闭泄水、开启充水、开启泄水4种情况。根据这4种运行情况,分别制定相应的控制策略,确定各节制闸流量调整的起始、结束时刻,最终得出了南水北调中线工程输水调度初始控制策略,满足渠道安全运行要求。     

三峡库区开县消落区水环境治理水位调节坝设计

三峡库区开县水域消落深度大,水位消落期将出现大面积裸露区,严重影响开县新县城及周边生态环境。因此,研究决定采用建设水位调节坝与前置库库周生态建设工程相结合的工程治理措施,以改善开县县城周边的环境。介绍了水位调节坝工程任务与环境影响、总体布置、运行控制措施、大流量泄水闸和鱼道工程设计,以及前置库周边沿岸生态防护林、湿地及多塘系统、敞水区动植物保护措施等生态治理工程建设。工程完工后,开县新县城周边消落区面积得以大幅度减少,并形成优美的人工平湖生态城市景观。     

核电站建设及其岩土工程综述

综述了国内外已建、在建和拟建核电站的信息、特点,以及核电站建设中有关岩土工程的地质勘察、岩土基础、隧道及边坡等施工、水泥基灌浆与锚固、监测技术。综述结果表明:①核电是一种安全、清洁、经济的能源,核燃料资源可供长期使用,已被越来越多的国家所认同;②中国核电站建设蓬勃发展,其使用核技术逐渐与国外先进核电技术同步;③核电站建设所涉及的岩土工程勘测、施工、监测与灌浆加固处理等配套齐全,环境保护凸显。     

Fenton-混凝-吸附柱法处理垃圾渗滤液影响因素研究

文章借鉴国内外的研究成果,以开发出技术可行、经济高效的垃圾渗滤液处理工艺为目标,采用Fenton-混凝-吸附柱联合工艺对渗滤液进行了处理研究。初步探讨了Fenton-混凝-吸附柱联合工艺对渗滤液中的COD和氨氮的去除效果,同时对煤渣再利用的可行性也做了初步摸索。通过实验研究,分析了pH值、投加H2O2/Fe2+、聚合铁投加量等对处理效果的影响,得出COD、氨氮最高去除率对应的反应条件。研究发现Fenton-混凝-吸附柱联合工艺对垃圾渗滤液中污染物的去除效果较好,COD和氨氮的去除率分别可高达80.5%、72.15%,且运行成本低,具有一定的经济可行性。     

On the relationship between stress and elastic strain for porous and fractured rock

Modeling the mechanical deformations of porous and fractured rocks requires a stress–strain relationship. Experience with inherently heterogeneous earth materials suggests that different varieties of Hooke's law should be applied within regions of the rock having significantly different stress–strain behavior. We apply this idea by dividing a rock body conceptually into two distinct parts. The natural strain (volume change divided by rock volume at the current stress state), rather than the engineering strain (volume change divided by the unstressed rock volume), should be used in Hooke's law for accurate modeling of the elastic deformation of that part of the pore volume subject to a relatively large degree of relative deformation (i.e., cracks or fractures). This approach permits the derivation of constitutive relations between stress and a variety of mechanical and/or hydraulic rock properties. We show that the theoretical predictions of this method are generally consistent with empirical expressions (from field data) and also laboratory rock experimental data.     

Correlating thermal dilatation to protective layer formation in fretting wear

This paper studies the effects of the heat dissipation capacity of a rubbing material on wear resistance at high temperatures with a special focus on the dilation of the thermal energy. The results suggest a connection between the transition in wear and the change in the heat dissipatation capacity of the rubbing material. Examination of the wear data suggests that a critical ratio between the effects of the conductivity and those of the effusivity has to be established for favorable wear resistance at elevated temperatures.     

Synthesis and characterization of polyaniline–maleic acid salt

Polyaniline–maleic acid (PANI–MAc) salts have been prepared at various maleic acid concentrations. The salts are characterized by using infrared (IR), UV/VIS Spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and conductivity measurements. Blends of PANI–MAc were made with styrene–butyl acrylate (ST–BuA) copolymer and percolation threshold determined.     

三峡工程库区主要环境地质问题及处置对策

三峡工程库区地质条件较为复杂,存在着塌岸、滑坡崩塌、浸没等7个方面的主要环境地质问题,在移民迁建工程建设过程中还遇到了诸如回填砂地基、人工高边坡等问题。在对主要环境工程地质问题进行综合性概括的基础上,提出了“以人为本、安全第一,以防为主、防治结合,主动介入、效益优先”的处置原则。