RS与FNN集成在焊接缺陷识别中应用

针对焊接图像缺陷识别中提取的特征受噪声干扰比较严重,以及现有的识别算法准确率低的问题,提出了一种粗糙集(RS)和模糊神经网络(FNN)集成的缺陷识别算法.首先使用模糊C-均值聚类算法对样本属性离散化,然后使用RS对离散化后的样本数据进行属性约简得到决策规则,并使用π函数根据聚类的中心和半径对属性进行模糊化,克服RS对噪声敏感问题;根据得到的精简模糊决策规则和模糊逻辑推理确定FNN的结构,使用依赖度和规则的条件覆盖度确定网络的初始参数,考虑到样本中数据的可信度问题,用加权代价函数调整模型参数.仿真实验表明,本算法解决了分类过程中样本数据受到噪声干扰引起的不确定性、FNN结构难以确定的问题,能有效地提高焊缝图像缺陷的识别能力.     

Dielectric and pyroelectric characteristics of the infrared sensitive (Pb1?xSrx)TiO3 ceramics

PST ferroelectric ceramics were fabricated successfully by a two-step method, i e first, PbTiO₃ and SrTiO₃ were sintered respectively, then mixed and sintered together. The process and characteristics of PST ferroelectric ceramics were introduced and researched. Their dielectric and pyroelectric characteristics are as follows dielectric constant 10⁴ order, low dielectric loss (lower than 3.0% in the working frequency range of 1–1 000 kHz), saturation polarization intensity 10⁻¹ C/m² order, and pyroelectric coefficient 10⁻³ C/m²·K order.     

电磁领域中复超越方程的遗传算法求解方法

将遗传算法与参数跟踪策略有效结合,跟踪过程中进行搜索域压缩与位移操作,形成了一种功能强大的新算法,可成功应用于电磁领域中各种各样复超越方程的高精度求解问题.在算法实现过程中,使用参数跟踪策略有效地缩小了搜索区域,保证了解的单一性,提高了运算速度;使用动态搜索域提高了解的精度;应用三阶差商公式预估新的搜索中心,使运算速度得以进一步提高.应用本文发展的算法详细求解了终端短路法测量材料的复介电常数时得到的复超越方程和部分填充矩形波导的特征方程,计算结果表明该算法能够轻松地解决复超越方程中的多值问题,解集完备性好,算法鲁棒性强.     

Remaining oil distribution in Ng3^3 bottom water reservoir of Lin 2-6 fault-block in Huimin depression and potential tapping in horizontal well

Oil reservoirs with secondary bottom water in Ng33 members (in Guantao formation, Paleogene system) of Lin2-6 fault block in Huimin depression (Bohai Bay Basin) have entered the late stage of ultra-high water-containing-exploitation. Oil exploita-tion from vertical wells is becoming more and more inefficient. The reservoir type, with water displacing oil and the remaining oil distribution are specifically studied in order to improve the efficiency of the recovery ratio. An integrated scheme for adjusting horizontal wells has been designed and the key technique of the scheme optimized. The study shows that: 1) the positive rhythm of fluvial depositional features is the internal cause of the flooding of oil reservoirs while water injection, injection-production patterns and accumulative petroleum production are the external causes; 2) oil-water driving patterns have transferred from edge water ad-vancing to bottom-water-coning; distribution of the remaining oil mainly concentrates in the upper rhythm and top of the middle rhythm in Ng33 members; 3) a great deal of remaining oil is enriched in high positions of faults, in axes of tiny structures, in stagna-tion areas among water-injection wells and oil-wells and in tectonic saddle areas with sparse wells. Compared with vertical wells, horizontal wells have advantages such as high recovery, high off-take potential, high critical output, large controlling areas and long time of bottom-water breakthrough.     

我国南方农村生活污水处理技术的研发现状

针对农村生活污水直接排放已经成为影响我国农村水环境质量主要因素之一的现状,从适合我国农村的以村落或居民点为单位进行生活污水分散式处理的思维入手,介绍了我国现今主要的分散式生活污水处理技术的原理、特点、不足及其应用现状;继而综合比较了这些技术的技术经济指标,提出了适合我国农村的分散式生活污水处理技术的设计原则;最后提出发展有较高水力负荷,并具备小规模设备化特征和多种生物处理单元复合的创新技术是我国农村生活污水处理技术发展的主要方向。     

诱导风机智能控制系统的设计

文章详细介绍了智能诱导风机排风系统的设计,该系统能及时稀释CO气体浓度,并且系统更加节能降耗。智能诱导风机排风系统由集中控制器、诱导风机控制器和诱导风机组成。文中介绍了系统的硬件设计,给出了集中系统控制器和诱导风机控制器的软件流程图,描述了系统的工作状态和过程。     

Theoretical investigation on cyclic reciprocal derivative chronopotentiometry: Kinetic study of totally irreversible electrode processes

Theoretical expressions and mathematical analysis in cyclic reciprocal derivative chronopotentiometry (CRDCP) are presented for totally irreversible electrode processes corresponding to the application of symmetrical and unsymmetrical programmed currents. For two successive unsymmetrical programmed currents, the effect of the currents ratio b (b = |I₂(t)/I₁(t)|) on the (dt/dE)–E curves is discussed. The electrochemical behavior of totally irreversible electrode processes has been studied corresponding to the application of the unique unsymmetrical programmed Φ^m(I₀) proposed recently. CRDCP characteristic parameters obtained for totally irreversible electrode processes are different from those of reversible electrode processes. Therefore, a comparison of CRDCP between both mechanisms is presented. Based on the mathematical derivation, alternative methods for kinetic measuring are described. It is prospected that CRDCP is convenient and applicable for studying the reversibility of the electrode processes in form of CRDCP characteristic parameters.     

Influence of starting powder choice on structure property relations in gadolinia stabilized zirconia 3Gd-TZP manufactured from co-milled starting powders

Two 3Gd-TZP materials were manufactured from powders produced by intense mixing and milling of unstabilized zirconia starting powders and gadolinia as stabilizer oxide by hot pressing at 1250 °C – 1400 °C. The materials show a combination of high toughness and moderate strength. In detail depending on starting powder the two TZP showed distinct differences concerning transformation characteristics, sintering temperature dependence of mechanical properties and the tendency to develop R-curve related deformation features such as non-linear stress strain curves and formation of transformation bands prior to fracture.     

弛豫铁电体Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3的相变

测量了(1-x％)镁铌酸铅-x％钛酸铅(1≤X≤11)(简称PMNTx)陶瓷样品的介电常数、内耗和Young’s模量．观测到在Tm温度附近，即在介电常数达到最大值时，出现一个内耗峰，并且模量发生软化．这反映了极化纳米微畴的弛豫．对于PMNTx(5≤x≤11)的样品，在Tm温度以下的某个温度出现附加的内耗峰和Young’s模量的异常，表明样品中发生了自发的弛豫铁电到铁电(简称R-F)的相变，对R-F相变的机制进行了讨论．