考虑非线性环境量影响的混凝土重力坝坝基扬压力分析

基于混凝土重力坝上游库水位及降雨对其坝基扬压力影响的滞后效应及其非线性特征,建立了考虑环境量非线性影响过程的混凝土重力坝坝基扬压力监测模型,将上游库水位及降雨对坝基扬压力的影响视为一个正态分布过程,并采用量子遗传算法,对相应滞后天数和影响天数进行智能寻优,以提高拟合及预测精度。最后,以某混凝土重力坝为例,采用上述方法对其A6-UP-01测点扬压力测值进行拟合和预测,通过与坝基扬压力实测值对比分析,验证了本文方法优于传统坝基扬压力统计模型,具有一定科学和实践应用价值。     

基于变形条件的黄土结构性试验研究

黄土的结构性由黄土颗粒之间的联结结构强度和摩擦结构强度所决定,要定量描述黄土的结构性,就要定量研究黄土联结结构强度和摩擦结构强度的变化规律。为此,提出基于变形条件的黄土结构性参数即联结结构变形势参数mp1、摩擦结构变形势参数mp2及结构变形势参数mp,并通过黄土的侧限压缩试验研究原状黄土和人工水泥结构性黄土的结构性及其结构性参数的变化规律,揭示含水率、压力、密度、水泥含量等对黄土结构性的影响,并对所提出的基于变形条件的黄土结构性参数的合理性进行讨论。     

Experimental study on settling characteristics of thick self-weight collapsible loess in Xinjiang Ili region in China using field immersion test

To study the settling characteristics of Ili loess, a field immersion test was implemented on thick collapsible loess with seepage holes to speed up the collapse. The loess at the test site belongs to the Q₃^eol stratum and had a thickness of 30?m. The on-site settlement, the degree of saturation, and other observations, such as surface cracks and dolinas, were continuously monitored. The experimental results show that Ili loess is a typically collapsible eolian soil with a large thickness, strong water sensitivity, low anti-erosion capability, and strong self-weight collapsibility. The collapsibility of the Ili loess was basically eliminated by the field immersion test. One primary reason was the significant reduction in the numerous trellis pores. In comparison with other similar tests, a much higher settling rate and self-weight collapsible settlement were observed. The correction coefficient of collapsibility for Ili loess is 1.64, which is calculated as the measured self-weight collapsible settlement divided by the calculated value. It is a key parameter for evaluating the loess collapsibility in the area. A four-stage settling trend was characterized; it is distinguishable from other regular five-stage models. It was confirmed that the pre-immersion method with seepage holes is an effective method of foundation treatment for the Ili loess region.     

基于离心模型试验的黄土湿陷试验新方法研究

黄土湿陷试验方法主要有室内试验和现场浸水试验两种:室内试验方法,大部分情况试验结果很难反映工程实际;现场浸水试验,试验周期长,费用昂贵,因此需要另辟蹊径。以新疆伊犁强烈自重湿陷性黄土为对象,开展了湿陷特性的离心模型试验,并将离心模型试验成果与现场浸水试验成果以及室内试验成果进行了对比,提出了一个基于离心模型试验的黄土湿陷试验新方法。研究表明:黄土湿陷的离心模型试验同样可以采用双线法和单线法进行,离心模型试验得到的侧压力系数变化规律同室内试验得到的侧压力系数变化规律相一致,通过离心模型试验求得的修正系数β_0值与现场浸水试验得到的值相近,证明了基于离心模型试验的黄土湿陷试验新方法可以得到与现场大型浸水试验相近的结果。     

Crack deflection in ceramic composites and fiber coating design criteria

It is widely understood that the remarkable toughnesses demonstrated by some ceramic composites are dependent upon deflection of matrix cracks into fiber/matrix interfacial cracks. Carbon and BN fiber coatings are ideally suited for promotion of such crack deflection, but have the unfortunate weakness of limited oxidation resistance. The rational design of oxidation-resistant alternative fiber coatings is facilitated by consideration of the details of crack deflection, growth of interfacial cracks, and subsequent sliding along the interfacial crack surface. This work discusses some of these details and the implications regarding the design and testing of alternative fiber coating systems.     

Paralinear Oxidation of Cr-Si-C-Coated C/SiC at 1300°C in Wet and Dry Air Environments

JOM - The oxidation kinetics of a Cr3Si-Cr7C3/SiC/SiC-coated C/SiC were comparatively investigated in dry and wet air at 1300°C under 1 atm. After oxidation for 10 h, Cr2O3...     

Analysis of thermal performance and optimization of concentric circular fins under dehumidifying conditions

The analysis of wet fins was carried out by many investigators with the variation of a linear relationship between specific humidity and the corresponding saturation temperature of air adjacent to the fin surface. For determination of the fin surface temperature under this scheme, fin-tip temperature is essentially known a priori which can be employed to calculate the psychrometric parameters associated with the dehumidification process. On the other hand, the tip temperature is only known after the salving the governing equation and it is also a function of the psychrometric properties of air. Thus for the simplicity, dew point temperature is considered as the tip temperature for calculating only the psychrometric parameters of fully wet fins in a recent publication. Nevertheless, in the actual situation this dew point temperature never satisfies at the tip and therefore psychrometric parameters calculated with the assumption of the dew point temperature at the tip may be incorrect. In the present work, an iterative scheme is demonstrated for determination of the actual tip temperature and local fin surface temperature. With considering this aspect, thermal analysis of a new geometric fin, namely, annular step fin (ASF) is proposed for the more effective utilization of fin material in comparison with the annular disc fin. An optimization study has also been made by using the modified thermal analysis of fully wet fins and the analysis of partially wet fins, separately. A remarkable change in results has been noticed when they are compared with that of the published result. Finally, it is worthy to mention that the maximum heat transfer rate per unit volume for an ASF is always higher than that of the annular disc fin for the identical design condition.     

An overview of evolutionary algorithms: practical issues and common pitfalls

An overview of evolutionary algorithms is presented covering genetic algorithms, evolution strategies, genetic programming and evolutionary programming. The schema theorem is reviewed and critiqued. Gray codes, bit representations and real-valued representations are discussed for parameter optimization problems. Parallel Island models are also reviewed, and the evaluation of evolutionary algorithms is discussed.     

Assessment of an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle using waste tires for hydrogen and fresh water production

In this paper, an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC), which uses waste tires as a feedstock, for power, hydrogen and freshwater production is modeled using both EES and Aspen Plus software packages and assessed thermodynamically. During the study, it is found that tire gasification is a viable solution for leftover tire waste in the world. Furthermore, the novel integration of a multi effect desalination plant, driven by the excess heat from the combined cycle, further increases the systems plant efficiency. The hydrogen production to feed rate ratio is found to be 0.154, which is competitive to high-quality coals, such as Illinois No.6, making waste tires an excellent feedstock to produce hydrogen. The net power production output from the combined cycle is 14.5 MW which was driven by the excess thermal energy of the syngas. The water distillate production rate from the forward flow multi-effect desalination plant at the set conditions is found to be 0.99 kg/s. The systems overall energy and exergy efficiencies obtained are 58.9% and 57.4%, respectively.