洗瓶机污碱液回收过滤装置的创新设计

通过对不锈钢梯形绕丝筛管为滤芯的过滤装置的研究,有效地去除了洗瓶机污碱液回收过滤装置中的大部分(90％)废碱液中固体杂质和胶体物质,用凝沉淀、气液反冲等方法提升了碱液循环次数,有效地减少了碱液排放,有利于保护我们赖以生存的环境.     

Engineering Bioactive M2 Macrophage-Polarized Anti-Inflammatory,Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Scaffolds for Rapid Angiogenesis and Diabetic Wound Repair

Diabetic wound healing still faces great challenges due to the excessive inflammation, easy infection, and impaired angiogenesis in wound beds. The immunoregulation of macrophages polarization toward M2 phenotype that facilitates the transition from inflammation to proliferation phase has been proved to be an effective way to improve diabetic wound healing. Herein, an M2 phenotype-enabled anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial conductive hydrogel scaffolds (GDFE) for producing rapid angiogenesis and diabetic wound repair are reported. The GDFE scaffolds are fabricated facilely through the dynamic crosslinking between polypeptide and polydopamine and graphene oxide. The GDFE scaffolds possess thermosensitivity, self-healing behavior, injectability, broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ability, and electronic conductivity. GDFE effectively activates the polarization of macrophages toward M2 phenotype and significantly promotes the proliferation of dermal fibroblasts, the migration, and in vitro angiogenesis of endothelial cells through paracrine mechanisms. The in vivo results from a full-thickness diabetic wound model demonstrate that GDFE can rapidly promote the diabetic wound repair and skin regeneration, through fast anti-inflammation and angiogenesis and M2 macrophage polarization. This study provides highly efficient strategy for treating diabetic wound repair through designing the M2 polarization-enabled anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial bioactive materials.     

Estimating the system efficiency of the multifunctional hydrogen complex at nuclear power plants

The paper deals with the primary current frequency regulation in the energy system (ES) as well as the basic requirements for NPP power units (PUs) under the conditions of involvement into the primary regulation. According to these requirements, NPP operation is related to the unloading and corresponding decrease in efficiency. It has been shown in this connection that combining NPP with a hydrogen complex (HEC) allows excluding the inefficient unloading mode. This enables the steam turbine and reactor equipment to operate in the basic mode at nominal power level. Besides, the conditions for producing and storing hydrogen and oxygen during the day as well as additionally during the night-time of off-peak electrical load may be created, which allows using them for generating peak power.In the paper, the systemic economic benefit as a result of involving NPP combined with HEC into primary regulation of the current frequency in ES with allowance for expending resources for the main equipment has been estimated. In this regard, the paper gives grounds for cyclic loadings of HEC main equipment including metal tanks for storing hydrogen and oxygen, compressors, hydrogen-oxygen combustion chamber (HOCC) for hydrogen-steam superheating of the actuating medium in the NPP steam turbine cycle. Methodological grounds for evaluating the equipment endurance under cyclic loading with involving into the primary frequency regulation by the criterion of the fatigue crack growth rate are described. It has been shown that in terms of HEC equipment, the highest load intensity occurs in HOCC due to high thermal stresses.Also, the systemic economic benefit has been estimated, and the impact of the equipment deterioration under conditions of cyclic loading has been demonstrated. It is shown that when combining NPP PUs with HEC, the efficiency of primary regulation may significantly depend on such factors as the cost of equipment exposed to cyclic loads, the frequency and intensity of cyclic loads, and the relation between the peak electricity tariff and the cost price of electric energy produced by NPP.It has been shown on the basis of novel methods for estimating the efficiency of involving NPP with HEC into the primary frequency regulation with allowance for damage to the equipment, that the use of HEC may provide a considerable economic benefit, as compared to the version of NPP unloading when involving directly into frequency regulation.     

Cold sintering assisted CaF2 microwave dielectric ceramics for C-band antenna applications

A cold sintering process is adopted to pre-densify CaF₂ ceramics from 85.7% at 300 MPa to 91.7% at 750 MPa. Subsequent post-annealings at 1000–1150 °C lead to further improvements in densification, where great enhancements of grain size and crystallinity are also observed from the scanning and transmission electron micrographs. Significant advances in Qf values are achieved in the post-annealed CaF₂ ceramics. The optimum Qf value (80,522 GHz) is achieved after cold sintering at 750 MPa and post-annealing at 1000 °C, which is three times higher than the conventional sintered one at 1000 °C (26,448 GHz). Moreover, the obtained low-ε_r (5.9–6.5) of CaF₂ ceramics suggests broad application prospects in the high-band microwave communications. A microstrip patch antenna is fabricated using the CaF₂ ceramics as the substrate, which operates at 7.89 GHz in the C-band, with an S₁₁ of ?13.4 dB, simulated high gain and efficiency of 6.41 dBi and ?0.56 dB, respectively.     

植物油配电变压器温升计算的研究

本文中作者对变压器绕组对油的温升、铁心对油的温升和油对油箱内壁的温升进行了分析推导,并给出了新的计算公式。     

BTO/PDMS/C柔性复合薄膜的制备及压电性能研究

针对压电陶瓷在实现微纳运动中普遍存在的不确定非线性因素,提出了一种新型的非线性鲁棒控制器。该控制器利用非奇异终端滑模控制实现了控制器的鲁棒性,采用时延估计技术实现了对未知项的实时补偿和无模型控制,有利于工程应用,并用鲁棒精密微分器实现对全状态的估计。运用Lyapunov稳定性理论证明了系统的闭环稳定性。半物理仿真实验表明,该控制器能够控制压电陶瓷实现亚微米精度的运动控制。理论分析和实践证明,提出的控制策略具有无模型、高精度和鲁棒性强的控制效果,工程应用性强,能有效应用于压电陶瓷驱动的微纳操作系统中。     

En Route to High-Density Chiral Single-walled Carbon Nanotube Arrays using Solid Trojan Catalysts

Solid catalyst is widely recognized as an effective strategy to control the chirality of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). However, it is still not compatible with high density in horizontal arrays. “Trojan” catalysts strategy is one of the most effective methods to realize SWNTs with high density and has great potential in chirality control. Here, the co-realization of high density and chirality controlling for SWNTs in a low-temperature growth process is reported based on the developed solid “Trojan” catalyst. High temperature “Trojan” catalyst formation process provides sufficient catalyst number to acquire high density. These liquid “Trojan” catalysts are cooled to solid state by adopting low growth temperature (540 °C), which can be good template to realize the chirality controlling of SWNTs with exposing six-fold symmetry face, (111). Finally, (9, 6) and (13, 1) SWNTs enriched horizontal array with the purity of ≈90% and density of 4 tubes µm⁻¹ is realized. The comparison between the distribution of initial catalysts and the density of as-grown tubes indicates no sacrificing on catalysts number to improve chirality selectivity. This work opens a new avenue on the catalyst's design and chirality controlling in SWNTs growth.     

Leveraging Ligand and Composition Effects: Morphology-Tailorable Pt–Bi Bimetallic Aerogels for Enhanced (Photo-)Electrocatalysis

Metal aerogels (MAs) are emerging porous materials displaying unprecedented potential in catalysis, sensing, plasmonic technologies, etc. However, the lack of efficient regulation of their nano-building blocks (NBBs) remains a big hurdle that hampers the in-depth investigation and performance enhancement. Here, by harmonizing composition and ligand effects, Pt- and Bi-based single- and bimetallic aerogels bearing NBBs of controlled dimensions and shapes are obtained by facilely tuning the metal precursors and the applied ligands. Particularly, by further modulating the electronic and optic properties of the aerogels via adjusting the content of the catalytically active Pt component and the semiconducting Bi component, both the electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic performance of the Pt–Bi aerogels can be manipulated. In this light, an impressive catalytic performance for electro-oxidation of methanol is acquired, marking a mass activity of 6.4-fold higher under UV irradiation than that for commercial Pt/C. This study not only sheds light on in situ manipulating NBBs of MAs, but also puts forward guidelines for crafting high-performance MAs-based electrocatalysts and photoelectrocatalysts toward energy-related electrochemical processes.     

四元数及其在计算机科学与工程领域中的应用

1843年,汉密尔顿在桥上刻下伟大的数学公式,四元数正式诞生。后来,汉密尔顿在研究复数向高维展开时,提出了四元数的概念。他将四元数描述为有序的四重实数,由标量和四元数实数组成。向量是简单的超复数。复数由实部和虚部i组成,其中i^2=-1。类似地,四元数由实数加上三个虚部i,j和k组成,它们具有以下关系:i^2=j^2=k^2=-1,i^0=j^0=k^0=1。四元数的这三个虚部i、j、k本身的几何意义可以理解为一种旋转。这一几何意义为后文提到的四元数在力学领域和计算机领域的应用打下了基础。在四元数的早期发展中,存在着许多争论。我们通过对四元数的历史及其在各个领域的发展进行了分析和探究,提出了四元数发展的有关见解。1960年,四元数被应用于经典力学。在四元数的应用中,我们发现四元数在力学分析、傅立叶分析、计算机领域、图像处理等方面有着广泛的应用。目前,四元数的应用已经从单刚体系统扩展到多刚体系统,并逐渐渗透到柔性多体系统中。综上,不难得出结论,四元数的发展前景是无限的,且它正在各个领域蓬勃发展。通过搜集资料、查找文献、理论联系实践等方法,本文深入研究了四元数自身的发展及其在图形图像、物理和计算机方面的研究应用。     

合理烹饪与食品安全

食品安全问题越来越受到社会的广泛关注。食品安全问题贯穿原材料的选择、加工过程、储存方式等各个环节,每个环节都影响着食品的安全。本文从食堂烹饪的角度阐述了合理烹饪对食品安全的重要性。