离心式细水雾喷嘴结构设计和参数优化

应用FLUENT模拟多种结构形式的离心式细水雾喷嘴内外部流场的压力分布和速度分布,并对喷嘴的3个主要结构参数即进口数目、喷嘴圆柱段长度、出口半径进行正交试验,数值模拟得出各试验喷嘴出口速度,从而得到优化的结构参数。研究表明:压力损失与过渡段圆滑程度有关;流体的速度在喷嘴的收缩段迅速增加;喷嘴出口半径对喷嘴出口速度的影响最大。     

雾化布液堆浸某铀矿石的柱浸试验

采用雾化布液新工艺,进行了某铀矿石的小型室内柱浸试验,并对雾化、喷淋、滴淋3种布液方式作了对比。结果表明,雾化布液的均匀性好,矿堆无板结现象,矿石浸出性能较好,浸出周期缩短,液固比小,适宜于某铀矿石的处理。     

堆浸雾化布液条件实验研究

布液是堆浸浸出工艺中一个重要环节之一。本文介绍了一种新的布液方法——雾化布液。用铀矿石模拟矿堆，通过堆浸雾化布液条件实验，得出使用该布液法能得到较高的浸出液铀平均浓度及较高的浸出率，能缩短浸出时间，提高经济效益，从而验证了雾化布液的优越性。为堆浸矿山采用雾化布液提供参考依据。     

Role of zirconia phase transformation,interface processes,and Ta2O5 doping on the blistering phenomenon of molten glass in contact with zirconia-based refractories

Bubble formation and removal within the molten glass is an important issue in glass industry. Various sources of bubbles have been identified in glass manufacturing: decomposition of the glass components, air trapping, oxidation/reduction reactions, precipitation resulting from insufficient refining, etc. It has been demonstrated in a previous paper that the blistering phenomenon at the interface between a molten glass and a zirconia-based refractory can be ascribed to the oxygen semipermeability through the zirconia phase. The objective of this study is to clarify the role of temperature on the blistering process, and especially, below and above the phase transition temperature of zirconia (monoclinic/tetragonal transformation) and to evaluate the role of zirconia doping on the blistering level. The influence of the kinetics of the surface processes at the glass/refractory interface is emphasized. Quantitative measurement of the slight blistering ascribed to the so-called “redox shock” is also given.     

Oxidation of graphene-modified HfB2-SiC ceramics by supersonic dissociated air flow

The oxidation resistance of ultra-high-temperature ceramic material (HfB₂-30 vol%SiC)-2 vol%rGO (rGO: reduced graphene oxide) under long-term exposure (2000s) to a supersonic air flow has been studied. The ceramics were obtained by reactive hot pressing of HfB₂-(SiO₂-C)-rGO composite powder at a temperature of 1800°C (pressure 30 MPa, holding time 15 min, Ar). The surface temperature of graphene-modified ceramics under the influence of heating by high-enthalpy air flow (heat flow q reached 779 W·cm^–2) did not exceed 1700°C, which is 650–700°C less than for the HfB₂-30 vol%SiC baseline ceramics. This may be related to an increase in the efficiency of heat transfer from the sample to the water-cooled module, due to the higher thermal conductivity of the rGO-containing material. Thereby, a decrease in the material degradation degree has been noted, i.e. decrease in the recession rate and decrease in the total thickness of the oxidised ceramic layer by tenth. The peculiarities of the oxidised surface and near-surface region microstructure upon aerodynamic heating of the graphene-modified ceramic material, have been shown.     

Insight into t->m transition of MW treated 3Y-PSZ ceramics by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction

The influence of a microwave hybrid heat treatment (MHH) on the surface and in-depth mineralogical transformation of pre-sintered 3Y-PSZ was investigated. 3Y-PSZ samples were prepared by slip casting and sintered by conventional firing (1270 °C). Then, different MHH treatments from 5 to 15 min. at 1200 °C were applied to obtain a fully stabilized 3Y-TZP. The monoclinic fraction depth profiles in the first micrometres (up to 5) of thickness were investigated by means of the grazing incident X-ray diffraction technique (GIXRD). A good sintering degree with practically nil closed porosity and grain growth was achieved after MHH of 15 min. MHH increases the tetragonal phase content both in the surface and in-depth, reducing completely the monoclinic phase shell typically found after conventional sintering. A new parabolic model is proposed for the convoluted monoclinic fraction depth profile, which through the value of its horizontal asymptote allows the determination of the monoclinic shell thickness.     

A ternary mechanism for the facilitated transfer of metal ions onto metal–organic frameworks: implications for the ‘‘versatility’’ of these materials as solid sorbents

Although metal–organic frameworks offer a new platform for developing versatile sorption materials, yet coordinating the functionality, structure and component of these materials remains a great challenge. It depends on a comprehensive knowledge of a “real sorption mechanism”. Herein, a ternary mechanism for U(VI) uptake in metal–organic frameworks was reported. Analogous MIL-100s (Al, Fe, Cr) were prepared and studied for their ability to sequestrate U(VI) from aqueous solutions. As a result, MIL-100(Al) performed the best among the tested materials, and MIL-100(Cr) performed the worst. The nuclear magnetic resonance technique combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and zeta potential measurement reveal that U(VI) uptake in the three metal–organic frameworks involves different mechanisms. Specifically, hydrated uranyl ions form outer-sphere complexes in the surface of MIL-100s (Al, Fe) by exchanging with hydrogen ions of terminal hydroxyl groups (Al-OH₂, Fe-OH₂), and/or, hydrated uranyl ions are bound directly to Al(III) center in MIL-100(Al) through a strong inner-sphere coordination. For MIL-100(Cr), however, the U(VI) uptake is attributed to electrostatic attraction. Besides, the sorption mechanism is also pH and ionic strength dependent. The present study suggests that changing metal center of metal–organic frameworks and sorption conditions alters sorption mechanism, which helps to construct effective metal–organic frameworks-based sorbents for water purification.     

山银花黄酮类化合物药理作用的研究进展

山银花在疾病的防治过程中起着非常重要的作用,本文就山银花物种的地域分布、山银花黄酮类化合物的化学成分以及该化合物在抗菌、抗病毒、抗氧化、解热降温、抗动脉粥样硬化、毒副作用及其他方面药理学作用的最新研究进行了综述,为山银花进一步地研究开发与利用提供参考依据。     

金纳米分光光度法测定尿中痕量鸟苷

在pH 3.6的BR缓冲溶液中,鸟苷与金纳米间相互作用,可降低金纳米粒子表面之间的静电斥力,从而改变溶液的吸光度。当鸟苷的浓度在1.75×10^-8-6.27×10^-6mol/L时,与体系ΔA630/A530形成良好的线性关系,其回归方程为：ΔA630/A530=1.33c×10^-6mol/L＋0.017 5,相关系数r=0.997。检出限为5.26×10^-9mol/L。相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.97%-3.26%,回收率为96.2%-98.9%。该法具有操作简单、快速、灵敏度高的优点。     

Phase transitions in adsorbed layers VIII: Evaluation of phase diagrams for monolayers of argon,krypton and xenon adsorbed on graphite

The theory of monolayer adsorption of simple atomic gases on crystalline solid is presented and is used to calculate the phase diagrams for noble gases adsorbed on graphite. It is shown that the third-order correction terms to the interaction energy between adsorbed atoms must be included in order to obtain results that are in agreement with experimental data. It is also demonstrated that our theory predicts the formation of a commensurate two-dimensional solid phas e for krypton monolayer films and an incommensurate two-dimensional solid phase for both argon and xenon monolayer films on graphite.