溶胶凝胶法制备TiO2薄膜及其润湿性研究

采用溶胶凝胶法,于金属基片上构筑TiO2薄膜,通过修饰1H,1H,2H,2H-十七氟癸基三甲氧基硅烷后,薄膜显示疏水性.对TiO2凝胶的热稳定性进行分析,结果显示,在450℃及以上的温度进行热处理,有机成分可被全部除掉.对所制备薄膜的物相组成和显微结构进行表征,并考察热处理温度对薄膜表面形貌及润湿性能的影响,结果表明,热处理温度为550℃时,疏水性能最好,达到超疏水性.     

粉末冶金法制备多孔Ti-HA生物复合材料的研究

以碳酸氢铵粉末为造孔剂,羟基磷灰石(HA)和Ti-6Al-4V粉末为原料,采用粉末冶金法制备多孔Ti-HA生物复合材料,并测定了其微观结构和力学性能。通过分析碳酸氢铵含量和成型压力对材料力学性能和孔隙率的影响,得到材料的抗压强度和孔隙率随成型压力的增加而分别增加和减少,随碳酸氢铵含量的增加则分别减少和增加。当碳酸氢铵含量为20wt%和30wt%时,材料的孔隙率分布在30%～50%,抗压强度高于20 MPa,孔径分布在100～500μm。     

直接金属烧结快速成型机铺粉装置的改进及其运动分析

金属粉末在激光烧结过程中,会发生球化飞溅的现象,球化飞溅的金属在已成型面上凝固下来,致使烧结面凹凸不平,使下一次的铺粉过程无法顺利进行,无法烧结成制件,或者是烧结成的制件精度达不到要求.针对这一现象,根据金属粉末的流动特性以及铺粉装置的结构及其运动特点,对直接金属烧结快速成型机的铺粉装置进行研究设计并加以改进,完成烧结过程并提高制件的成型精度,并对改进后的装置进行运动分析,以便更进一步的对机构进行探究改善.     

姬塬油田堡子湾南长4+5 储层裂缝特征及其影响因素分析

鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区三叠系储层中存在大量天然裂缝。该文通过岩心、显微薄片、测井解释多 尺度裂缝描述方法,以及应用古地磁、地应力、均一化温度测试等裂缝检测技术对姬塬油田堡子湾南长 4+5 储层天然裂缝特征和形成期次进行了分析,并对影响裂缝分布的因素进行了研究。结果表明：该区 长4+5 储层天然裂缝发育密度大,裂缝有效程度高,并以高角度裂缝为主;裂缝方向受区域构造运动影 响,主要为北东-南西向;岩性、岩层厚度、沉积微相等是影响裂缝发育的主要因素。     

Nanostructure and Properties of a Shinbone

Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation shows that a shinbone is composed of large-volume-fraction hydroxyapatite and small-volume-fraction collagen protein materials. The hydroxyapatite is of laminated structure and consists of numberless hydroxyapatite sheets. The observation also shows that the hydroxyapatite sheets are parallel with each other and of nanometer scale. The high fracture toughness and fracture strength of the bone are investigated based on the calculation formula of the dissipation work and Griffith criterion. The investigated results reveal that the large-volume fraction and the nanometer scale of the hydroxyapatite sheets are the important factors to the high mechanical performance of the bone.     

Influence of hydrothermal treatment temperature on oxidation modification of C/C composites with aluminum phosphates solution by a microwave hydrothermal process

Carbon/carbon (C/C) composites were modified with an aluminum phosphates solution by a novel microwave hydrothermal (MH) process in order to improve their low temperature oxidation resistance. Results show that a H₃PO₄ or HPO₃ continuous molten layer with some regular, white cubic Al(PO₃)₃ crystallites are obtained on the surface of the modified composites. The anti-oxidation property of the composites after modification improves with the increase of the MH temperature from 393 to 473 K. The oxidation rate is almost constant after oxidation at 873 K for 6 h. The formation of annular structure of Al(PO₃)₃ is helpful to improve the oxidation resistance of the composites.     

航空发动机篦齿类零件封严涂层制备工艺及涂层厚度测量对应关系的建立

为了达到对篦齿类零件封严齿上涂层厚度和涂层质量的控制,采用转换测量对象,建立封严齿与转换对象间涂层厚度及涂层质量特性的对应关系,在零件后续批生产过程中,实现对篦齿类封严件上涂层厚度的控制以及涂层性能的检验,确保零件上涂层厚度及涂层质量特性与其转换测量对象之间具有相应的对应关系。     

低产液量水平井找堵水管柱的设计与应用

针对长庆油田致密油藏低产液量水平井利用现有测试方法无法准确找到出水层的情况,设计了适用于不同地层压力的低产液量水平井找水测试管柱,同时针对不同出水位置设计了桥塞卡堵水管柱和封隔器卡堵水管柱。低产液量水平井找水测试管柱在长庆油田应用21井次,找水有效率96.7%;两种卡堵水管柱堵水在长庆油田应用22井次,堵水成功率达到81.8%。这表明,利用所设计的低产液量水平井找水测试管柱,能准确找出低产液量水平井的出水层段,所设计的卡堵水管柱能对不同位置的出水层段进行机械封堵。      

魔芋葡甘露聚糖-TiO2复合薄膜的性能表征及保鲜特性分析

以魔芋葡甘露聚糖（konjac glucomannan,KGM）和纳米TiO2为原料,制备KGM-TiO2复合薄膜。研究复合薄膜的性能,利用紫外分光光度计、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和X-射线衍射对复合薄膜的结构及性能进行表征分析,并对其进行豆腐和樱桃的保鲜实验。结果表明：纳米TiO2的掺入能有效提高KGM薄膜的断裂伸长率,减缓薄膜的溶胀行为,但是降低了薄膜的透光率。表征分析发现,TiO2与KGM在一定程度上发生了交互作用,经感官鉴定,KGM-TiO2复合薄膜提高了豆腐及樱桃的新鲜程度,延长了贮藏期。     

Adsorption and Desorption Behavior of Tannic Acid in Aqueous Solution on Polyaniline Adsorbent

Tannic acid is generally considered as one of polyphenolic pollutants, which may cause severe threats to the environment. In this study, polyaniline adsorbent was synthesized by chemical oxidation to remove tannic acid in aqueous solutions. The adsorption amount of tannic acid varied greatly with pH of solution and strong adsorption was at pH 5.8-6.7. Coexisting cations, such as Na⁺, K⁺, and Ca²⁺, can enhance the adsorption of tannic acid on polyaniline, which may be contributed to the electrostatic interaction between tannic acid and polyaniline. The adsorption process could be well described by Langmuir model and the maximum adsorption capacity was 117.65 mg·g^-1 at 35℃ and pH 6.0. The thermodynamic parameters calculated from the adsorption isotherms indicate that the adsorption of tannic acid is spontaneous and endothermic process. The polyaniline saturated with tannic acid can be desorbed in alkaline solution and regenerated adsorbent can be used repeatedly with high adsorption capacity, which implies that polyaniline adsorbents have a great potential in water purification for the removal of tannic acid.