Measurement of CO2 concentration based on supercontinuum laser absorption spectroscopy

The concentrations of CO₂ were measured by the supercontinuum laser at normal temperature and variable temperature accurately in this paper. The absorption spectra of CO₂ at different concentrations(1.2%—9.0%) were measured in the wavelength range of 1 425—1 445 nm under the optical path of 26.4 m at 293 K and 1 atm. The experimental results showed that the positions of the primary and secondary absorption peaks(1 432 nm, 1 437 nm) were consistent with the HITRAN database. A linear model of concentration and signal intensity at 1 432 nm was established. The maximum relative error of the concentration measurement was 3.3%. The line intensities of 99.9% CO₂ in the 1 425—1 445 nm at different temperatures(298—373 K, interval of 15 K) were measured. The influence of temperature changes on the concentration measurement result was corrected and the relative error of the concentration measurement was reduced to 1.4%. Finally, the source of the uncertainty of the entire spectrum measurement system was analyzed and evaluated. This paper demonstrate that the supercontinuum laser can achieve the long-distance measurement of the CO₂ under normal temperature or variable temperature environment accurately, which provide an important reference for the long-distance gas detection on site and simultaneous detection of multi-component gases.     

激光诱导击穿光谱技术测定土壤中元素Cr和Pb

为了提高激光诱导击穿光谱技术对物质成分的检测水平,在实验中加入了平面反射镜装置约束激光等离子体。用Nd:YAG纳秒脉冲激光激发产生土壤等离子体发射光谱,测量绘制了元素的定标曲线,定量分析了土壤样品中重金属元素Cr和Pb,并与不加入平面反射镜装置条件下的检测结果进行比较。计算表明,实验中加入平面反射镜装置以后,元素Cr和Pb的测量结果的相对标准偏差与无平面反射镜装置时的相比较,分别从5.22%和8.12%降低到了3.43%和3.94%;而元素分析检出限分别由4.13×10-3%和62.54×10-3%降低到2.61×10-3%和44.22×10-3%。可见,利用平面反射镜装置能够明显提高激光诱导击穿光谱技术的测量精度。     

抗噪声和工艺参数浮动的高性能多输入多米诺或门设计

A novel technique using a keeper with a simultaneous low supply voltage and low body voltage is proposed to improve the overall performance of high fan-in OR gates without modifying the physical dimensions of the keeper.Simulation results of a 16-input domino OR gate using 45 nm CMOS technology show that the proposed technique could trade off between a high power/speed efficient operation and the robustness to noise effectively.Also,a Monte Carlo analysis indicates that the proposed domino OR gate is more robust to parameter variation compared to a conventional domino OR gate.     

偏振激光诱导的薄膜表面周期性自组织结构

本文研究了激光诱导的周期性表面结构(LIPSS)在聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)薄膜表面的形成过程。在导电玻璃衬底上制备得到PMMA薄膜,经p偏振的XeCl准分子激光照射后形成周期性的褶皱结构。用原子力显微镜(AFM)观察发现,形成的褶皱结构周期具有纳米量级,且当引入外加电场时,褶皱形成所需的激光脉冲数减少到2。当外加电压增加到30V时,褶皱的周期间隔明显减小,LIPSS变得不可控,出现了柱状的自组织结构。与直接用准分子激光照射的薄膜样品相比,外加辅助电压的引入改变了PMMA样品表面褶皱结构形成的时间和周期大小,褶皱形成的内部驱动力也发生了变化。     

基于FPGA的全数字锁相环的设计

简单介绍了全数字锁相环(ADPLL)的结构和工作原理,提出一种在FPGA的基础上可增大全数字锁相环同步范围的设计方法,并给出了部分verilog HDL设计程序的代码和仿真波形。     

杨贤江论教育制度的构建及发展

教育制度是社会发展到一定阶段的产物。随着社会发展和阶级的转变,教育本身产生了渐变,因而教育制度也呈现出不同的发展阶段。现代教育家杨贤江对此做出了深刻论述,有益于当代教育理论的探讨。     

Large-scale polyaniline batteries

The electrochemical performance of polyaniline film (PAnF) and polyaniline powder (synthesized chemically, (PAnC), or electrochemically (PAnE)) as the positive electrode material in zinc rechargeable batteries has been examined. The energy density of the different forms of polyaniline is in the order: PAnF > PAnE > PAnC. Diffusion of reacting species has been identified as the principal factor determining the characteristics of the polyaniline powder electrode. The 1A form of polyaniline provides a slightly greater energy density than the 1S form.     

基于模式语义的非膨胀性Pattern Tree简化

近年来,XQuery逐渐成为XML查询语言的事实标准。PatternTree被广泛应用于XQuery查询处理。PatternTree用匹配方法处理查询,其本身的大小和复杂程度决定了匹配的效率。该文论述了利用模式语义简化PatternTree的规则。这种方法避免了因插入冗余节点而导致PatternTree的膨胀。三个判断冗余节点的规则不但可以判断叶节点的冗余,而且可以在保留叶节点的情况下,判断非叶节点的冗余。实验证明了方法的可行性和有效性。     

Structural,optical and temperature dependent photoluminescence properties of Cr3+-activated LaGaO3 persistent phosphor for optical thermometry

Cr³⁺ doped LaGaO₃ phosphor was prepared by hydrothermal reaction method with post-annealing treatment. XRD pattern showed the pure orthorhombic phase of LaGaO₃ at an annealing temperature of 1000 °C. TEM image showed the particles in the range 40-120 nm. The bandgap energy and Urbach tail increased in the doped sample as compared to the undoped sample as estimated from UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectra. PL excitation spectra showed peaks in UV, blue and orange regions. The emission spectra showed broadband with peaks in the NIR region due to emission from ⁴T₂ and ²E states. The intermediate strength of the crystal field has been calculated from the estimated spectroscopic parameter. The average lifetime was found to be in the ms range. Afterglow decay was also recorded. From the low-temperature PL, the zero phonon line, stokes shift energy, vibrational energy and Huang-Rhys parameter were calculated. With rising the temperature, PL emission peak intensity and lifetime values decreased and FWHM increased because of increased numbers of electrons in ⁴T₂ state and increasing non-radiative transition. Temperature-dependent peak intensity ratios and lifetime values were utilized for temperature sensing applications in below room temperature and above room temperature. The results indicate the possibility of present phosphor to be used as optical nanothermometer.