复合式区域能源项目系统设计与性能评价方法

基于长沙梅溪湖区域能源站项目实际数据和需求,开展了项目技术路线选择、方案设计、设备选型等一系列研究,并就复合能源系统的评价指标进行了探讨。研究制定了评价系统设计性能的方法,并进行了算例验证,证明区域能源项目采用年一次能源利用率和年系统综合性能系数相结合的方式进行评价,可合理反映系统整体性能状况。     

空间天文仪器中的铍镜结构优化设计分析

为了满足空间太阳望远镜的技术要求,进行了铍摆镜研制,掌握了高精度铍镜研制技术路线。光学检测面形精度RMS为0.012λ,满足技术要求。对铍摆镜结构进行优化设计改进。介绍了铍摆镜结构优化方法,用ANSYS中的APDL语言编译了摆镜结构优化程序,进行了铍摆镜结构优化。并利用Matlab软件编写了改进遗传算法组合优化程序,再次完成了铍镜结构优化,并进行了横向对比分析。结果表明:两结果都满足技术要求。以扇形孔铍摆镜为例,改进的遗传算法组合方法的优化结果(RMS,1.470E-6mm)比ANSYS零阶优化方法的优化结果(RMS,2.099E-6mm)降低了29.96%,优于铍镜检测结果,说明改进后的摆镜结构方案可行。铍镜的成功研制,为我国空间天文仪器大口径铍镜研究和应用奠定了基础。组合优化方法结合了改进遗传算法和ANSYS软件的优势,具有适应性高、优化能力强等特点,具有较好的鲁棒性,对类似工程结构或天文仪器结构优化具有一定的借鉴意义。     

Chemical qualities of water that contribute to human health in a positive way

The emphasis on harmful substances that may occur in potable waters has almost obscured the fact that important beneficial constituents are commonly present.The chemical substances in water that make positive contributions to human health act mainly in two ways: (i) nutritionally, by supplying essential macro and micro elements that the diet (excluding water) may not provide in adequate amounts (for example, Mg, I and Zn); and (ii) by providing macro and micro elements that inhibit the absorption and/or effects of toxic elements such as Hg, Pb and Cd. Specific examples of these beneficial effects will be given, also examples of harmful effects on health that may result from excessive intake of these ordinarily beneficial elements.Because concentrations of the essential macro and micro elements that occur in natural, potable waters vary greatly, depending upon their source, geographic considerations are very important in any studies attempting to relate water quality to health. In this context, the inverse relationship between hard water and cardiovascular disease will be discussed. Specific data relating hardness and Mg and Ca content of potable waters to specific geographic regions of the U.S.A. will be presented. These data show a strong positive correlation between low Mg content and decreased longevity, and between high Ca and Mg content and increased longevity. In the regions considered, increased longevity correlates strongly with decreased cardiovascular mortality, and the decreased longevity with increased cardiovascular mortality.     

The background counting rates in a balloon borne hard X-ray telescope

A detailed Monte Carlo model of a hard (20–300 keV) X-ray astronomical telescope has been developed in order to calculate the energy loss distribution of the unwanted background noise events in the prime detection elements. The spectral distributions of the background rates measured at balloon altitudes over Palestine, Texas are compared to the predictions of the theoretical model. Good agreement has been found in terms of both the overall intensity level as well as the spectral distribution.     

用于星上图像压缩的JPEG2000算法的改进

本文修改了 JPEG2000 算法,通过改变编码顺序节约了大量的计算,提高了运行速度.用此算法对空间太阳望远镜的目标图像进行了实验,结果表明在相同压缩比的情况下,修改后的算法对图像质量没有明显的影响,在运行时间和压缩质量方面都能够满足空间太阳望远镜的压缩任务要求.     

基于发动机动态试验台的整车排放特性研究

根据汽车动力学理论,按整车道路行驶工况得到发动机转速和转矩特性的工况点,在发动机动态试验台上对重型车用柴油发动机进行了整车行驶循环的模拟排放试验,根据实验结果分析了道路行驶循环下的排放与发动机认证试验的排放之间的区别,研究了实际道路工况下重型车的排放规律,结果表明,道路循环的排放与发动机认证试验的排放之间差别很大,高速工况下的排放因子低于低速工况的排放因子。     

传爆序列飞片起爆理论研究及应用

在考虑受主炸药盖片对撞击入射冲击波衰减作用的基础上，得到了改进的飞片起爆计算模型，经与实验结果对比表明这一改进模型更符合实际系统。     

环江油田巴19区块长7段钙夹层评价与大斜度井分段压裂优化

为实现最大化油藏接触,提高油藏产出水平,长庆环江油田巴19区块长7油藏采用大斜度井开发方式。在初期压裂改造中,由于忽视了层内钙质夹层对压裂缝高的影响,导致实际裂缝的几何形态与设计产生巨大偏差,出现了邻井裂缝串通及生产高含水等问题。本文通过研究油藏剖面测井特征,在细分层位基础上分析纵向应力分布,研究“复合层效应”影响裂缝缝高延伸的关键因素,优化了分段压裂方案,获得了更好的水力裂缝几何形态和尺寸。技术调整后现场压裂工艺质量获得提高,长7段油藏压裂改造质量优良率100%,大大提高了该区块的开发水平。     

江西省农村计划生育适宜技术供方使用评价分析

目的探讨江西省计划生育适宜技术供方使用及评价情况。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,对5个示范县228例医务人员使用4项计划生育适宜技术情况进行问卷调查。结果医务人员对4项计划生育适宜技术总体满意度为76.2%。对4项技术的满意率存在明显差异（P〈0.001）。4项计划生育技术的诊疗效果、操作简便、病人易接受、适宜性、安全性、节约时间、省钱等方面的满意率分别为96.5%、93.4%、92.5%、97.8%、98.2%、92.5%、83.3%。多因素逐步Logistic回归分析结果显示：技术使用者的专业技术职称越高越容易推广,对技术掌握的程度越熟练越容易推广,适宜技术价格越贵越不容易推广,诊疗效果满意则易于推广。结论江西省农村卫生适宜技术使用推广效果好。适宜技术的推广宜选用职称高、技术熟练、价格相对较低、疗效较为满意的技术开展推广运用。