Trace,failure and testing equivalences for communicating processes

A basic question in the theory of communicating processes is “When should two processes be considered equivalent?”. Attempts to answer this question have led to the concepts of observation equivalence, bisimulations, testing equivalence, failure equivalence, etc. The main point of this paper is to increase the understanding and motivation for two of these equivalences, namely failure and testing equivalences. The approach starts with the idea that the equivalence of processes should be reducible to the visible sequences of actions which a process performs in various contexts. This idea is implemented by a string-based semantic order for communicating processes where divergence is catastrophic. Under some assumptions about contexts, the resulting semantics is shown to be equivalent to theimproved failure semantics of Brookes and Roscoe⁽¹⁾ and also to themust testing-semantics of Hennessy and DeNicola.^(2–4) This characterization gives independent support for the appropriateness of failures and testing.     

Do you know what your license allows?

Before you push a key to load a program and display it on your monitor, ask yourself this question: “Do I have the power to use this program?” Using software requires power-not physical or electrical power-but the legal power of authorized use. If you are not the program's author or owner, you can only obtain this power through a license-a legal document that states your rights regarding use of the program. This may include the right to use or operate the program as an end user; modify the program through deletions, additions or enhancements as a value-added reseller or original equipment manufacturer; or transfer the program to another as an aggregator, distributor or retailer. If you do not have the appropriate legal power, then your conduct is illegal. If you know that you do not have the appropriate legal power, then your conduct, which amounts to software piracy, is criminal     

Using formalized temporal message-flow diagrams

Temporal message-flow diagrams (TMFDs), alternatively called sequence charts, interaction diagrams, event traces, or actor diagrams, are illustrations of a system's global message-passing activity over time, and a pictorial aid to understanding the system's behavior. They are widely used for requirements and documentation for network protocols and object-oriented applications. We present a general formalism for TMFDs, describe a suite of tools we have designed that employs this formalism, and present our experiences with these tools. The formalism and tools described serve to support and broaden the use of TMFDs in developing communicating systems.     

Microprocessor IDDQ testing: a case study

The author describe their incorporation of I_DDQ testing into the design of the PA-7100LC PA-RISC microprocessor. They also discuss design guidelines, measurement techniques, results after fabrication and volume production, and suggested improvement. Their 900,000-transistor custom design supports I_DDQ testing to ensure high quality without compromising 100-MHz-plus performance     

Engineering a Web site

The World Wide Web (WWW) is famous for weaving far-flung fans with like interests into true communities. It also puts a spin all its own on product and information delivery. Nowhere is this more apparent than in a global industry such as electrical and electronic engineering. The Web is still unmatched in its ability to receive and distribute information and software, and to encourage interaction and collaboration. These strengths stem from the Web's combination of many of the best features of existing media-audio, video, text, and graphics-to which it adds some unique new talents, such as the ability to manipulate information through software. Most corporations acknowledge the opportunities the Web presents. The paper presents some guidelines on how best to start turning them to advantage     

Development of next generation PWR in Japan

The demand for energy in Japan is expected to increase steadily into the future, and it seems that the importance of nuclear power generation will be heightened more when the situation of our country which is not rich in energy resources is taken into account.

Furthermore, when we consider the present situation that the light water reactors have become common, recent outlook for the supply and demand for uranium resources, trends in the development of the fast breeder reactor technology, etc., the light water reactors are expected to remain dominant in the nuclear power generation of our country until at least the second half of the 21st century.

Based on such a background five PWR utilities in Japan (Hokkaido, Kansai, Shikoku, Kyushu, and the Japan Atomic Power), and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. have jointly started researching the Next Generation PWR which is expected to be the leading nuclear power plant taking place of APWR.     

Risk management for software projects

There is little to instruct software project managers on how to handle risk in a way that ensures the success of contingency planning and avoids crisis. This seven-step procedure describes how to identify risk factors, calculate their probability and effect on a project, and plan for and conduct risk management     

换位导线生产线电气控制系统

通过对换位导线生产线的研究,提出了采用数字轴和电子齿轮控制的换位导线生产线方案,给出了系统的软硬件设计,构成了分电机驱动的换位导线生产线及其控制系统。     

视频会议管理系统的研究及实现

通过对浙江中烟视频会议系统现状、业务流程及业务实际的分析,提出了以软件形式统一管控的会议操作、网络监测和流程管控的管理模式,并对软件架构和实现方式进行了详细阐述。通过该套软件的开发部署,实现了管理与使用分离,达到了简便管理、提高效率、减少故障的目的,取得了良好的效果。