熔体温度对气体辅助注射成型PC／PE共混物形态的影响

分别在低温（200℃）和高温（270℃）下制备了聚碳酸酯／聚乙烯（PC／PE）共混物的气体辅助注射成型制品，通过扫描电镜对PC相不同部位的形态观察，发现分散相PC的形变和分布受成型温度的影响比较大。在低温成型时，分散相PC从表层到气道都有变形，而在高温成型时，分散相PC在气道部位几乎没有变形。在形态分析的基础上，探讨了温度对气体辅助注射成型共混物形态的形成和分布的影响机理。     

Mg(OH)2表面处理对LDPE力学性能及加工性的影响

选择了多种偶联剂对氢氧化镁（MH）进行表面处理；研究了表面处理对LDPE／MH体系的力学、加工和分散性能的影响。结果表明，偶联剂能显著提高材料的断裂伸长率，但会略微降低其拉伸强度。硅烷、钛酸酯偶联剂的最佳使用量在1％～2％；而脂肪酸处理剂的最佳使用量在4％～6％。偶联剂的选择影响到材料的力学性能，脂肪酸ste—zn，硅烷偶联剂中Al51，钛酸酯偶联剂JN201有较好的处理效果。表面处理体系有较好的流动性和加工性能。SEM观察表明，未经表面处理体系的粒子分散性比经表面处理体系的粒子分散性要差。     

抗氧剂F对聚甲醛热稳定作用的研究

采用220℃等温热失重率、222℃等温热失重速率、平衡扭矩、多次加工及长期热稳定性等分析方法研究对比了高相对分子质量受阻酚类抗氧剂F与Irganox245对聚甲醛(PCIM)的热稳定作用。结果表明:抗氧剂F可有效改善POM的热氧稳定性能。经五次挤出加工,试样的熔体流动速率(MFR)及黄色指数(YI)均较Irganox245低, MFR上升程度显著低于Irganox245,断裂伸长率及冲击韧性均较Irganox245高;经140℃长期热氧老化,试样的 MFR、YI及力学性能均与使用Irganox245相当,表明抗氧剂F能有效延长POM制品的热、氧寿命,其热稳定效能达到 Irganox245的水平,且用量较少,可将其推广应用于POM的生产中,进一步提高POM的热稳定性,降低生产成本。     

Preparation of DNA-encapsulated polyethersulfone hollow microspheres for organic compounds and heavy metal ions removal

DNA-encapsulated polyethersulfone (PES) hollow microspheres are fabricated by means of a liquid-liquid phase separation technique; the hollow microspheres are then used to remove environmental pollutant organic compounds and heavy metal ions. The amounts of DNA encapsulated in the microspheres are dependent on the PES concentration, the DNA concentration used to prepare the particles, and the diameter of the syringe needle. The hollow microspheres can be used to remove harmful organic compounds including ethidium bromide (EB), acridine orange (AO) and endocrine disruptors. With the increase of the DNA amount encapsulated into the hollow microspheres, the removal ratios of these compounds increased. Additionally, the DNA-encapsulated PES hollow microspheres can selectively accumulate and remove heavy metal ions such as Ag⁺, Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ These results suggested that the DNA-encapsulated PES hollow microspheres have a potential to be used in environmental applications.     

人工鱼群—粒子群混合算法优化进港航班排序

针对空中交通管理中的进港航班排序问题, 提出了人工鱼群—粒子群混合算法(AFPSO)这一航班排序算法来优化进港航班排序, 使时段内进港航班队列总延误时间最少。算法结合了基本人工鱼群算法(AFSA)和基本粒子群算法(PSO)各自的优点, 先以AFSA在全局寻找满意的解域, 再以PSO算法在这些解域中进行快速的局部搜索获得精确解, 最终使算法提高收敛速度和搜索精度。仿真结果表明, 在单跑道和双跑道情况下, AFPSO算法使得航班队列总延误时间比FCFS调度方法减少了20. 9%和34. 4%, 比基本AFSA减少了3. 2%和3. 5%。算法得到的满意解能够为自动化空中交通管理提供实时支持。     

基于有限状态自动机的人眼开度PERCLOS实现算法

针对驾驶员驾驶过程中因疲劳引起的眼睛开度变化问题, 在原有PERCLOS(percentage of eyelid closure over the pupil over time)标准的基础上, 提出了一种基于有限状态自动机的人眼开度PERCLOS计算方法, 并将其应用到疲劳驾驶预警系统中。该系统首先采用红外摄像头实时获取驾驶员的脸部视频图像, 使用ASM(active shape models)算法进行人脸检测, 在定位到的人脸范围内搜索人眼区域并计算人眼开度, 为了避免人与摄像头距离变化影响计算结果, 对人眼开度进行归一化处理; 然后依据建立的有限状态自动机模型计算PERCLOS值; 最后根据制定的预警机制实现基于人眼开度的疲劳预警。实验结果表明本方法能够实时监测驾驶员疲劳状况, 具有对光照变化、脸部配饰不敏感的特点。     

Unique clay orientation in the injection-molded bar of isotactic polypropylene/clay nanocomposite

In this article, the injection-molded bars of isotactic polypropylene/organoclay nanocomposite with different clay contents have been obtained via dynamic packing injection molding (DPIM). The oriented microstructure including layered nanoparticles and PP lamellae has been inspected through 2D-WAXS analyses along the sample thickness of the molded bars. Depending on the clay content and sample thickness, various oriented clay structures with nanoparticles uniplanar-axially oriented parallel to the surface of molded bar, or partially tumbled around the flow axis of the molded bar, or even a random orientation, could be observed. The observed orientation behavior of nanoparticles could be temporarily elucidated as the results of the sensitive response of layered nanoparticles to shear deformation and the structural recovery of clay network assisted by the electrostatic attraction existing between adjacent nanoplatelets.     

深水表层钻井随钻压力与温度监测装置设计

深水表层钻井随钻压力与温度监测装置是监测深水表层钻井过程中井底当量循环密度（ECD）和循环温度的重要工具。通过深水表层钻井随钻压力与温度监测装置,现场技术人员可以实时掌握井下环空压力、钻柱内压和温度等工程参数,进而了解和分析井下工况,为深水表层钻井作业和动态压井钻井技术提供指导。设计的深水表层钻井随钻压力与温度监测装置以ARM为核心,利用数据采集技术和通信技术,实现了随钻压力与温度的采集传输。完成的深水表层钻井随钻压力与温度监测装置具有体积小、功耗低、抗振动和抗高温和低温的优点。监测装置已经在我国南海第一口深水井LW6—1—1井的领眼井中成功进行应用试验,验证了其在深水无隔水管钻井条件下的机械强度、稳定性、可靠性,测量得的数据能真实反映钻井工况。     

The morphology and mechanical properties of dynamic packing injection molded PP/PS blends

As a part of long-term project aimed at super polyolefin blends, in this work, we report the mechanical reinforcement and phase morphology of the immiscible blends of polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS) achieved by dynamic packing injection molding (DPIM). The shear stress (achieved by DPIM) and interfacial interaction (obtained by using styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) as a compatibilizer) have a great effect on phase morphology thus mechanical properties. The shear-induced morphology with core in the center and oriented zone surrounding the core was observed in the cross-section areas of the samples. The phase inversion was also found to shift towards lower PS content under shear stress, at 70 wt% in the core and 30 wt% in the oriented zone, compared with 80 wt% for static samples (without shear). The tensile strength, tensile modules and impact strength were found largely increase by means of either shear stress or compatibilizer. The PS particle size is greatly reduced with adding of SBS, and the reduced particle size results in greater resistance to deformation, which causes the co-continuous structure at oriented zone change into droplet morphology. The morphology resulting from blending and processing was discussed based on effect of interfacial tension, shear rate, phase viscosity ratio and composition. The observed change of mechanical properties was explained based on the combined effect of phase morphology (droplet-matrix or co-continuous phase) and molecular orientation under shear stress.     

基于鲁棒性的链路权重规划算法

在IP网络中,链路权重规划是流量工程中的重要问题。为了优化网络流量并实现负载均衡,针对业务量矩阵的不确定性,依据鲁棒性理论提出一个链路权重规划的MIP模型。该模型使用Γ模型描述业务量矩阵的不确定集,通过表示扰动程度的参数Γ实现了对鲁棒性的调节,在此基础上求得不确定集中最差情况下的最优解。实验结果表明,与传统的链路权重规划方法以及新出现的MRC规划模型相比较,该算法可降低最大链路利用率,分别达到了40%和20%。