Counter-ion induced processibility of conjugated polyquinolines

Complexation of polyquinolines (PQs) with functionalized protonic acids renders these structures soluble in common organic solvents. Protonation of the quinoline units results in a positively charged polymer backbone which is compensated for by negative charges of the functionalized counter-ion. These PQ complexes can be solution-blended with common bulk polymers. Transmission electron microscopy reveals an extremely homogeneous and fine fibrillar interconnected dispersion of the PQ complex for polyblends containing only a few percent PQ.     

Which One Should be Chosen for the Mobile Geographic Information Service Now, WAP vs. i-mode vs. J2ME?

The concepts of MGIS (Mobile Geographic Information System), LBS (Location Based Service) and MGI Service (Mobile Geographic Information Service) were introduced first. Then the consistency of the three wireless Internet access technology, WAP (Wireless Application Protocol), i-mode and J2ME (Java^™ 2 Micro Edition) were proposed not only from the surfaces, but also from the architectures. Based on the analysis of the WAP, i-mode and J2ME, the suggested suitable field of each technology was discussed. WAP and i-mode are adapted to fields of public services in wireless Internet field with Browser/Server structures, and J2ME is adapted to the fields of private services in wireless Internet field with Client/Server structure. There are no competitions among these three technologies, and each of the three is a tactical technology. They will coexist for a long period, and now we should focus more on how to use a new integrated architecture of different technologies to solve more complex spatial-related questions in the mobile service field than discussing which one is the best. And maybe all three will be replaced in the future when a brand-new direct-connected way to browse the Internet Geographic Information Web Service is developed.

基于TSEB平行模型的黄土丘陵沟壑区蒸散发遥感估算

复杂地形条件下和干旱半干旱植被稀疏条件下的蒸散发遥感估算一直是蒸散发区域遥感估算的难点、热点问题。针对黄土丘陵沟壑区地表起伏、覆被不均一、植被稀疏的特征,选择陕甘交界区为研究区,利用Landsat TM资料求取地表特征参数和地表能量平衡各参量,采用TSEB平行模型反演出该区域的瞬时土壤蒸发、植被蒸腾和土壤-植被总蒸散发量,经过尺度转换,得到日蒸散量;并利用附加阻抗法和FAO Penman-Monteith公式计算实际蒸散发,对TSEB平行模型法遥感估算结果进行了间接精度评价,比较验证结果表明TSEB平行模型法估算的蒸散发结果合理,精高较高。     

基于投入-产出原理的新疆能源消费碳排放行业差异研究

通过对新疆各行业直接能源消费碳排放及间接碳排放的分析,发现工业直接碳排放量最多,其中制造业是最主要的推动力,所占的比重最高;直接碳排放具有行业集中的特点,高度集中在少数高耗能的行业部门,而且集中度有增加的趋势;行业可划分为3种类型,高碳行业大部分具有规模较大的特征,是新疆经济发展和直接碳排放的主要行业。行业部门的关联效应所引发的间接碳排放不容忽视,而且大部分行业间接碳排放要超过直接碳排放,间接碳排放的行业集中度要高于直接碳排放的行业集中度,石油加工、炼焦及核燃料加工业是间接碳排放量最多的行业。需要对间接碳排放给予足够的重视,石油加工、炼焦及核燃料加工业,金属冶炼及压延加工业,电力、燃气及水的生产和供应业等行业应作为未来治理规划的重点行业。     

基于熵权模糊综合评价模型的桂林市桃花江河流健康评价

为定量评价河流健康现状,在阐述河流健康内涵的基础上构建了河流健康综合评价指标体系,将模糊综合评价法与熵值法相结合,建立了基于熵权的模糊综合评价模型,并将其应用于桂林市桃花江河流健康评价中。结果表明,桃花江上、中、下游的相对隶属度分别为（0.110 31,0.248 77,0.267 29,0.316 90,0.056 73）、（0.143 01,0.191 79,0.413 91,0.204 15,0.047 14）和（0.154 82,0.071 66,0.334 65,0.317 59,0121 28）,其对应的健康级别分别为差、中和中,限制桃花江健康的因素主要有总磷、氨氮、CODcr、鱼类多样性、底栖动物种类、万元GDP用水、供水保证率和防洪能力,研究结果与实际情况相符。     

地理场景三维可视化系统的关键问题研究

建设数字三维城市是当前的热点,本文根据已有三维可视化系统的建设经验,从最初的数据采集与处理到最后的三维可视化系统的集成,对地理场景三维可视化系统建设中的关键问题,进行了分析探讨。     

Computed force and velocity control for spatial multi-DOF electro-hydraulic parallel manipulator

A novel dynamic trajectory tracking controller for spatial 6-DOF electro-hydraulic parallel manipulator considering system nonlinearity-computed force and velocity controller is proposed, with a view of improving the control performance with high computational efficiency of control algorithm. The dynamic model of electro-hydraulic parallel manipulator, both mechanical and hydraulic system, is described by using Kane and hydromechanics method. The requisite system states are estimated via forward kinematics based upon global Newton–Raphson with monotonic descent algorithms under the measured actuator position. The desired leg position and velocity required for the proposed controller are calculated by an analytical method corresponding to the desired generalized pose, and the desired driven force is computed with an effectively simplified inverse dynamics. Under feed-forward of the desired driven force and velocity, the computed force and velocity controller is developed with actual leg position as its feedback only, and the desired leg position, velocity and driven force as its input. The control performance of the proposed controller for multi-DOF parallel manipulator is evaluated in theory and experiment, especially for dynamic tracking performance. Experimental results show that the presented controller can greatly improve the dynamic trajectory tracking performance for high real time electro-hydraulic parallel manipulator.