滩地墩群对河道行洪影响的试验研究

相对于一般桥梁少量大型桥墩主河道阻水,滩地墩群对河道水流流态的影响研究较少。对此,以广中江高速公路桂洲水道跨堤段为例,在来水来沙及河演分析的基础上,以重力相似Froude准则设计河工变态物理模型,通过数学模型计算成果对模型进行率定验证,选取有代表性的水文组次,进行物理模型试验,分析工程前、后附近河段水位、流速及流态变化,归纳总结滩地墩群工况下河道水流运动特征及规律,研究桥梁建成后对河道行洪、排涝、堤防安全及河势稳定的影响,并提出防治与补救措施。研究成果可为滩地墩群阻水研究提供借鉴。     

气候变化对北江流域径流影响的模拟研究

通过构建北江流域SWAT分布式水文模型,以北江流域13个雨量站10年逐月降水量及北江流域干流石角水文站同步逐月流量数据为输入条件进行水文模型参数率定,应用气候情景设置方法研究了北江流域在降水和气温等不同气候变化条件下径流量的变化规律。研究表明:气温变化1℃对年径流量及其年内分配的影响变化均在1%以内。降水量变化对年径流量影响十分显著,降水量变化10%对年径流量的影响变化可达到15%,而对径流年内分配的影响变化在1%以内,影响较小。随着气温下降和降水量的增加,枯季径流量占年内分配比例均有所上升,枯水期来水量提高,有利于流域城乡供水安全和生态用水安全。     

In-situ CdS nanowires on g-C3N4 nanosheet heterojunction construction in 3D-Optofluidic microreactor for the photocatalytic green hydrogen production

Herein, we reported a simple and cost-effective fabrication method to develop an effective corrugated serpentine OFMR (C-SOFMR) with advanced features, such as expansion/contraction and wavy microstructure. A laminar flow with no back mixing was observed in plain serpentine OFMR (P-SOFMR). While, stretching and folding of fluid along with back mixing was observed in C-SOFMR. Further, the CdS nanowires on g-C₃N₄ nanosheet (CN/CdS) heterojunction was synthesized in situ both P-SOFMR and C-SOFMR and utilized the device for the photocatalytic green hydrogen generation. The CN/CdS heterojunction endowed with narrow band gap energy (2.01 eV). The longer CdS nanowires (∼110 nm) benefit the electronic interface with CN in the CN/CdS heterojunction and lead to the spatial separation (reduced recombination) of excitons along the CdS axial direction. The charges generated were utilized efficiently for the HER reaction in both P-SOFMR and C-SOFMR at higher flow rates attributing to the rapid micro-mixing and mass transfer. The CN/CdS heterojunction showed the highest photocatalytic activity (6.38 μmol h⁻¹ in C-SOFMR and 6.16 μmol h⁻¹ in P-SOFMR at 1.0 mL min⁻¹) due to its good optronic properties. This study is a path forward for the utilization of advanced optofluidic devices to produce green hydrogen directly from solar energy.