新型节能车载式沥青加热装置开发研究

针对我国能源短缺及公路养护的紧迫性,研制了导热油炉和热管炉两种新型节能车载式沥青加热装置,它们利用回收汽车发动机排气的余热去加热沥青.首先讲述了装置的设计原则,然后介绍两装置的结构及工作原理,最后在同样的实验条件下,对两装置测试的数据进行分析.试验结果表明:两装置能够满足设计要求,各项参数符合国家标准,车载式热管加热炉的实用性和经济性更佳.     

添加大豆磷脂酰胆碱的奶粉对小鼠记忆力的影响

探讨奶粉中添加大豆磷脂酰胆碱对小鼠记忆力的影响。采用3周龄雌性昆明种小鼠48只,随机分为正常对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组,大豆磷脂酰胆碱按0.1 mL/10 g体重给予灌胃,连续给样30 d,进行跳台、水迷宫和避暗实验的训练,24 h后进行24 h测验,1周后进行消退实验。结果表明:水迷宫实验、跳台实验、避暗实验结果均为阳性,因此该项动物结果阳性。添加大豆磷脂酰胆碱的奶粉可改善试验小鼠的记忆,为功能性乳制品的研究与开发提供依据。     

基于热红外图像的风力机叶片损伤识别方法研究

针对风力发电机叶片损伤人工检测效率低,受作业人员业务水平制约等因素影响大的问题,提出一种基于热红外图像的风力机叶片损伤识别以及损伤位置判定和损伤大小计算的方法,通过数字图像处理技术在Matlab 2019b平台开发实现.对附有人工损伤的风力机叶片热红外图像采用对比度拉伸、Gabor滤波、二值化阈值分割等方法提取损伤特征...     

长方体建筑长宽比对屋顶风力机微观选址的影响

采用CFD方法,对长宽比分别为0.25、0.30、0.40、0.50、0.60、0.70、0.80、0.90的8种长方体单体高层建筑物顶面的风流场特征进行模拟计算,确定长宽比对长方体建筑物顶面风力机微观选址的影响.结果表明:长宽比越大,建筑顶面低风速区域越大,且风速随高度增长得越慢,而迎风面拐点风速恢复最快;同时由于建...     

Characterization of Antibiotic Resistance Genes from Lactobacillus Isolated from Traditional Dairy Products

Lactobacilli are widely used as starter cultures or probiotics in yoghurt, cheese, beer, wine, pickles, preserved food, and silage. They are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). However, recent studies have shown that some lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains carry antibiotic resistance genes and are resistant to antibiotics. Some of them may even transfer their intrinsic antibiotic resistance genes to other LAB or pathogens via horizontal gene transfer, thus threatening human health. A total of 33 Lactobacillus strains was isolated from fermented milk collected from different areas of China. We analyzed (1) their levels of antibiotic resistance using a standardized dilution method, (2) their antibiotic resistance gene profiles by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using gene‐specific primers, and (3) the transferability of some of the detected resistance markers by a filter mating assay. All Lactobacillus strains were found to be resistant to vancomycin, but susceptible to gentamicin, linezolid, neomycin, erythromycin, and clindamycin. Their susceptibilities to tetracycline, kanamycin, ciprofloxacin, streptomycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, trimethoprim, ampicillin, rifampicin, and chloramphenicol was different. Results from our PCR analysis revealed 19 vancomycin, 10 ciprofloxacin, and 1 tetracycline‐resistant bacteria that carried the van(X), van(E), gyr(A), and tet(M) genes, respectively. Finally, no transferal of the monitored antibiotic resistance genes was observed in the filter mating assay. Taken together, our study generated the antibiotic resistance profiles of some milk‐originated lactobacilli isolates and preliminarily assessed their risk of transferring antibiotic gene to other bacteria. The study may provide important data concerning the safe use of LAB.     

以阿魏酸为底物产香兰素微生物的筛选及发酵条件优化

目的:获得以阿魏酸为底物产生香兰素的菌株及最佳发酵工艺条件。方法:以高温大曲为样品,筛选能以阿魏酸为底物产香兰素的菌株,进一步利用摇瓶发酵试验对高产菌株进行单因素试验和正交优化,确定发酵产香兰素的最佳工艺。结果:通过分离筛选得到的高产菌株B2-12经16S rDNA鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。通过单因素和正交试验优化确定菌株B2-12以阿魏酸为底物转化香兰素的最佳条件为装液量44%、pH 10、43℃、摇床转速160 r/min、发酵4 d,发酵液中的香兰素质量浓度达到(34.5±0.16) mg/L。结论:菌株B2-12能以阿魏酸为底物产生香兰素,具有应用潜力。     

钙离子对植物乳杆菌LIP-1抗冷冻干燥性能的影响

本文以植物乳杆菌LIP-1为研究对象,探讨在培养基中添加不同浓度的钙离子对菌株生长量及抗冷冻干燥性能的影响,在此基础上,研究了不同浓度钙离子对菌体形态、细胞壁及细胞膜结构完整性以及细胞膜脂肪酸构成的影响,以探讨钙离子影响菌株抗冷冻干燥性能的机制。结果表明:当在MRS培养基中添加0.5 mmol/L的钙离子时,与未添加钙离子的对照组相比,菌株的生长量提升了0.717×109 CFU/mL,存活率提升了21.52%（P<0.05）;同时与对照组相比,添加钙离子可以使植物乳杆菌LIP-1长度明显变短;菌株的细胞壁与细胞膜的损伤程度降低;细胞膜中不饱和脂肪酸的含量升高,U/S变大;添加钙离子还可以使菌株的常温贮藏稳定性得到提高,第8周时添加钙离子的实验组相较对照组（MRS）活菌数提升了13.65倍。该结果为培养基中添加适量的钙离子促进菌体生长以及提高菌株的抗冷冻干燥性与贮藏稳定性提供了理论参考。     

硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶1基因表达对草原安格斯牛血液脂肪酸组成的影响

研究硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶1(stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1,SCD1)基因表达对草原安格斯牛血液脂肪酸组成的影响,采集38头平均体质量(698±34)?kg、48月龄草原安格斯牛血液样品,测定其脂肪酸组成与含量,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应测定SCD1基因表达量,一代测序技术检测SC...     

微波辐射处理对玉米淀粉颗粒非晶化的影响

采用微波辐射的手.段处理原玉米淀粉,考察了分散剂种类,淀粉与分散剂的质量比及微波处理的温度对淀粉非晶化的影响。用偏光显微镜观测处理后淀粉的颗粒结构,结合X射线衍射曲线验证淀粉颗粒结构的变化,利用扫描电镜观測颗粒保持的状态。结果表明:当分散剂为水,淀粉与水分的质量比为3:4时,原玉米淀粉可以均匀的转变为非晶颗粒态淀粉。