A physical approach of the short-term wind power prediction based on CFD pre-calculated flow fields

A physical approach of the wind power prediction based on the CFD pre-calculated flow fields is proposed in this paper. The flow fields are obtained based on a steady CFD model with the discrete inflow wind conditions as the boundary conditions, and a database is established containing the important parameters including the inflow wind conditions, the flow fields and the corresponding wind power for each wind turbine. The power is predicted via the database by taking the Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) wind as the input data. In order to evaluate the approach, the short-term wind power prediction for an actual wind farm is conducted as an example during the period of the year 2010. Compared with the measured power, the predicted results enjoy a high accuracy with the annual Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 15.2% and the annual MAE of 10.80%. A good performance is shown in predicting the wind power’s changing trend. This approach is independent of the historical data and can be widely used for all kinds of wind farms including the newly-built wind farms. At the same time, it does not take much computation time while it captures the local air flows more precisely by the CFD model. So it is especially practical for engineering projects.     

纳米相含量对Ni-P镀层耐蚀性的影响

利用化学镀方法,在普碳钢基体表面制备了纳米相含量不同的Ni-P合金镀层,分别采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射以及电化学工作站研究镀层的相应性能.结果表明,改变工艺参数可以得到均匀、致密和无表面缺陷的Ni-P合金镀层,随着工艺参数的变化,镀层的纳米相含量不同;由于纳米相结构中存在大量晶界,在晶界和晶粒间形成大量微小电化学电池,随纳米相含量的增加,增大了镀层的腐蚀倾向.     

堤坝劈裂灌浆造孔间距改变的灌浆效果评价

堤坝劈裂灌浆技术是改善堤坝工程内在质量的一项重要技术措施,然而目前对该技术浆液在坝体内的渗透固结机理尚不明确,无法对灌浆后坝体的防渗效果进行有效地评价。为此,假定施工工艺其他条件不变的情况下,针对灌浆孔间距布设与劈裂灌浆防渗实际效果之间的相互作用规律,基于大型有限元数值计算方法,采用Mohr—CoulombHardening本构模型,通过布设不同间距灌浆孔的流固耦合计算,研究了堤坝劈裂灌浆过程中浆液所产生的孔隙水压力、堤坝应力应变等分布规律,揭示了堤坝劈裂灌浆浆液在土体内渗流固结机理,探讨了其对坝体稳定性的影响,评价了灌浆效果。     

热冲压硼钢B1500HS高温本构方程的研究

硼钢的高温本构方程是热冲压数值模拟不可缺少的数学模型,它反映了流动应力与应变、应变速度以及温度之间的依赖关系。为了研究热冲压硼钢B1500HS高温时的流变力学行为,采用Gleeble 1500D热模拟试验机,在600～900℃温度区间,分别以0.01 s–1、0.1 s–1、1.0 s–1、10 s–1的应变速度对硼钢B1500HS试样进行等温单向拉伸试验,计算得到各相应测试条件下的正应力—应变曲线。采用包含变形激活能和变形温度的双曲正弦形式修正的Arrhenius关系来描述硼钢奥氏体组织的热激活变形行为。通过对试验数据进行拟合回归分析,得到与应变量相关的各材料参数,以及与应变速度、变形温度相关的流变应力关系式。试验结果显示,流动应力随着变形温度的降低而增大,随着形变速度的升高而增大。计算结果表明:流变应力关系式的计算结果与试验数据的吻合度较好。     

流固耦合作用下控制阀的稳压分析与设计

研究钢厂废煤气流场作用下大型压力控制阀的稳压问题,分析了影响压力稳定的结构因素,利用Pro/E建立了控制阀的几何模型,采用CFX进行流场计算,ANSYS进行结构计算,并利用两者间的数据交互平台传递流场压力载荷和结构位移数据,实现了流固耦合数值仿真计算。计算结果表明,阀芯结构及开度是影响压降的重要因素,且外接管与控制阀通径之比越大时阀前阀后压降越小。研究结果为控制阀结构的优化设计和测试分析提供了重要依据。     

一类控制系数未知非线性参数化系统的 输出反馈实际跟踪控制

研究了一类控制系数未知的非线性参数化系统的输出反馈实际跟踪控制问题。通过引入适当的坐标变换,将原始系统转换成不带有控制系数的新系统。为新系统设计了合理的高增益观测器,进而利用反推技术,设计了输出反馈跟踪控制器。仿真结果表明,通过选择合适的设计参数,所设计的输出反馈跟踪控制器可以保证系统所有的状态全局有界,并且当时间足够大时,跟踪误差收敛到零点的既定小领域内。     

基于未确知理论的小清河水环境容量计算

河流系统存在一定的不确定性.设计流量的确定对于水环境容量的计算具有决定作用.将未确知理论引入水环境容量计算,采用未确知理论中未确知有理数概念,将设计流量作为未确知有理数,分别计算其不同情况下的取值可能值以及可信度.以山东省小清河济南段为例,计算得到90％设计流量下水环境容量的区间值及其对应可信度,旨在更充分的了解小清河水环境容量的实际情况,为水环境治理提供更科学的依据.     

Mechanical properties and failure characteristics of fractured sandstone with grouting and anchorage简

Based on uniaxial compression experimental results on fractured sandstone with grouting and anchorage, we studied the strength and deformation properties, the failure model, crack formation and evolution laws of fractured sandstone under different conditions of anchorage. The experimental results show that the strength and elastic modulus of fractured sandstone with different fracture angles are significantly lower than those of intact sandstone. Compared with the fractured samples without anchorage, the peak strength, residual strength, peak and ultimate axial strain of fractured sandstone under different anchorage increase by 64.5–320.0%, 62.8–493.0%, and 31.6–181.4%, respectively. The number of bolts and degree of pre-stress has certain effects on the peak strength and failure model of fractured sandstone. The peak strength of fractured sandstone under different anchorage increases to some extent, and the failure model of fractured sandstone also transforms from tensile failure to tensile–shear mixed failure with the number of bolts. The pre-stress can restrain the formation and evolution process of tensile cracks, delay the failure process of fractured sandstone under anchorage and impel the transformation of failure model from brittle failure to plastic failure.     

考虑发电约束的输电断面最大传输能力

为了打破以往输电能力求解过程中发电机端电压维持不变的假设,提出了考虑发电约束求解最大输电能力(TTC)的新方法.根据大型风电场并网及同步发电机调速器和励磁系统等动态元件的运行限制,建立了计算输电断面最大输电能力的优化模型,并采用信赖域内点法进行序列迭代求解.在信赖域内,将非线性优化问题逼近为线性规划(LP)子问题,以构造的价值函数为依据调整信赖域半径.在New England 39节点算例系统中验证了模型和计算方法的有效性.实验结果表明,考虑发电约束的输电断面最大传输能力计算结果更接近系统的实际运行情况.     

基于明暗信息的胶囊内镜图像三维形状恢复

利用明暗恢复形状技术,将视频胶囊内镜二维图像的明暗信息重构小肠内腔表面的三维场景信息。针对传统的明暗恢复形状技术的约束条件,提出了一种针对胶囊内镜图像的预处理方法,利用预处理后的图像恢复出更为平滑的视觉场景,同时保留被检查对象的结构信息。基于临床数据的实验结果表明,三维形状恢复技术可以增强胶囊内镜视频的可读性,提高小肠疾病的诊断准确率。