基于PLD法制备ZnO:Eu3+,Li+薄膜的发光性质研究

采用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)技术在Si(111)衬底上生长了Eu3+、Li+共掺杂的ZnO薄膜。分别对样品进行了X射线衍射(XRD)谱测试和光致发光(PL)谱分析,重点研究了退火处理对样品结构和发射光谱的影响。XRD谱测试表明,样品具有很好的C轴择优取向。PL谱研究表明,当用325nm光激发样品时,样品的发射光谱仅由ZnO基质的紫外发射和蓝光发射组成,并没有发现稀土Eu3+的特征发光峰;样品的蓝光发射源于电子从Zn填隙形成的浅施主能级到Zn空位形成的浅受主能级跃迁;和真空中退火的样品相比,O2中制备的样品的蓝光发射减弱,紫外发光增强。用395nm的光激发时,退火前样品分别在594nm和613nm处存在两个明显的Eu3+特征发光峰,退火后的样品仅发现Eu3+位于594nm的特征发光峰,这表明,退火处理不利于稀土离子的特征发射,但O2中退火的样品ZnO基质红绿波段发射光谱明显增强。     

Electrical and optical properties of deep ultraviolet transparent conductive Ga2O3/ITO films by magnetron sputtering

Ga2O3/ITO films were prepared by magnetron sputtering on quartz glass substrates. The transmittance and sheet resistance of ITO films and Ga2O3/ITO films were measured by using a double beam spectrophotometer and four point probes. The effect of the ITO layer and Ga2O3 layer thickness on the electrical and optical properties of Ga2O3/ITO bi-layer films were investigated in detail. Ga2O3 (50 nm)/ITO (23 nm) films exhibited a low sheet resistance of 323 Ω/□ and high deep ultraviolet transmittance of 77.6% at a wavelength of 280 nm. The ITO layer controls the ultraviolet transmittance and sheet resistance of Ga2O3/ITO films. The Ga2O3 layer thickness has a marked effect on the transmission spectral shape of Ga2O3/ITO films in the violet spectral region.     

Electronic structure and optical properties of F-doped β-Ga2O3 from first principles calculations

The effects of F-doping concentration on geometric structure, electronic structure and optical property of β-Ga₂O₃ were investigated. All F-doped β-Ga₂O₃ with different concentrations are easy to be formed under Ga-rich conditions, the stability and lattice parameters increase with the F-doping concentration. F-doped β-Ga₂O₃ materials display characteristics of the n-type semiconductor, occupied states contributed from Ga 4s, Ga 4p and O 2p states in the conduction band increase with an increase in F-doping concentration. The increase of F concentration leads to the narrowing of the band gap and the broadening of the occupied states. F-doped β-Ga₂O₃ exhibits the sharp band edge absorption and a broad absorption band. Absorption edges are blue-shifted, and the intensity of broad band absorption has been enhanced with respect to the fluorine content. The broad band absorption is ascribed to the intra-band transitions from occupied states to empty states in the conduction band.     

ZnS薄膜生长温度对ZnS/PS体系结构和发光的影响

用电化学阳极氧化法制备了一定孔隙率的多孔硅(PS,Porous Silicon)样品,然后以PS为衬底用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)的方法在100℃、200℃和300℃下生长ZnS薄膜.X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明,样品都在28.5°附近有一个较强的衍射峰,对应于β-ZnS(111)晶向,说明薄膜沿该方向择优取向生长,但由于衬底PS粗糙的表面结构,衍射峰的半高全宽(FWHM)较大.随着ZnS薄膜生长温度的升高,薄膜的衍射峰强度逐渐增强.扫描电子显微镜(SEM)像显示,随着薄膜生长温度的升高,构成薄膜的纳米晶粒生长变大.室温下的光致发光(PL)谱表明,随着薄膜生长温度的升高,ZnS的发光强度增强而PS的发光强度减弱,把ZnS的蓝绿光与PS的红光叠加,在可见光区450～700 nm形成了一个较宽的光致发光谱带,呈现较强的白光发射.     

刺五加雌、雄花的花柱引导组织结构观察

利用光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜观察了刺五加(Eleutherococcus senticosus)雌、雄花的花柱及其引导组织的结构。结果表明:1.刺五加花柱处合生心皮内表面未完全融合,形成由中心向四周分支的裂缝;2.雌性花柱较雄性花柱,引导组织更为发达;3.发育过程中引导组织细胞内不断有储存为脂体的营养物质分解,并分泌到细胞间隙;4.传粉后,雌花花柱引导组织的部分细胞发生降解,形成大的溶生的细胞间隙,花粉管从中穿过,而雄花花柱中未见溶生的细胞间隙,亦未见花粉管穿过。     

基于REAL气溶胶激光雷达在站比对标定技术研究

年3月—11月,利用经过欧洲激光雷达标校中心认证的移动REAL 标准气溶胶激 光雷达,开展了迄今为止国内最大规模的激光雷达在站比对标定。本文首先介绍了一种组网 激光雷达在站比对标定方法,然后将REAL雷达与北京、上海、广州3个城市相关站点的12 部气溶胶激光雷达在532 nm波长下开展了首次在站比对标定。根据预 先设定的指标对其中按照 气象探测中心(meteorological observation center,MOC)要求完成软硬件标定的11部雷达进行了定量评估。结果表明11部雷达基本满 足指标要求,其中9部雷达P/S通道2—5 km系统偏差(system deviation,SD)均在±20%以内,超过50%的被标雷达P 通道0.5—2 km系统偏差基本满足±10%以内。 通过在站比对标定技术可以有效识别P/S通道 串扰、探测器饱和等问题,确 定了超大城市试验中被标雷达可信数据的范围,为气溶胶激光 雷达业务化定量应用提供了技术支撑。     

Responses of Growth,Oxidative Injury and Chloroplast Ultrastructure in Leaves of Lolium perenne and Festuca arundinacea to Elevated O3 Concentrations

The effects of increasing atmospheric ozone (O₃) concentrations on cool-season plant species have been well studied, but little is known about the physiological responses of cool-season turfgrass species such as Lolium perenne and Festuca arundinacea exposed to short-term acute pollution with elevated O₃ concentrations (80 ppb and 160 ppb, 9 h d⁻¹) for 14 days, which are widely planted in urban areas of Northern China. The current study aimed to investigate and compare O₃ sensitivity and differential changes in growth, oxidative injury, antioxidative enzyme activities, and chloroplast ultrastructure between the two turf-type plant species. The results showed that O₃ decreased significantly biomass regardless of plant species. Under 160 ppb O₃, total biomass of L. perenne and F. arundinacea significantly decreased by 55.3% and 47.8% (p < 0.05), respectively. No significant changes were found in visible injury and photosynthetic pigment contents in leaves of the two grass species exposed to 80 ppb O₃, except for 160 ppb O₃. However, both 80 ppb and 160 ppb O₃ exposure induced heavily oxidative stress by high accumulation of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species in leaves and damage in chloroplast ultrastructure regardless of plant species. Elevated O₃ concentration (80 ppb) increased significantly the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidaseby 77.8%, 1.14-foil and 34.3% in L. perenne leaves, and 19.2%, 78.4% and 1.72-fold in F. arundinacea leaves, respectively. These results showed that F. arundinacea showed higher O₃ tolerance than L. perenne. The damage extent by elevated O₃ concentrations could be underestimated only by evaluating foliar injury or chlorophyll content without considering the internal physiological changes, especially in chloroplast ultrastructure and ROS accumulation.     

二维非等长图像置乱变换

传统的2维图像置乱变换一般用于正方形图像处理,对宽高不等的矩形图像,需进行正方形扩展,或使用高维置乱变换阵置乱.本文对此问题做了改进,提出了一种新颖的2维非等长图像置乱变换,给出了周期存在判据,用以选择合适的置乱系数,使得在不增加额外存储空间和计算代价的基础上,可用于非等长图像置乱,并且存在可恢复周期.实验表明所提方法的有效性和可行性.     

一类带有输入饱和的随机系统抗干扰控制

针对一类带有多源异质干扰和输入饱和的随机系统, 研究了其精细抗干扰控制问题. 系统中的多源异质干扰同时包含白噪声,\begin{document}$H_{2}$\end{document}范数有界干扰以及外源系统生成的带有状态与干扰耦合的部分信息已知干扰. 针对部分信息已知的干扰, 构建随机干扰观测器对其进行估计. 基于干扰估计, 结合$H_{\infty}$控制方法, 提出基于干扰观测器的精细抗干扰控制策略, 从而实现高精度抗干扰控制. 最后, 仿真结果验证了所提策略的正确性与有效性.     

一次变色龙哈希函数及其在可修正区块链中的应用

提出了称作一次变色龙哈希函数的新密码学原语:同一哈希值的2个原像(一次碰撞)不会暴露任何陷门信息,而同一哈希值的3个原像(二次碰撞)则会暴露部分陷门信息,但足以导致严重的安全危害.基于经典的RSA困难问题构造了简单高效的一次变色龙哈希函数方案,并在随机预言模型下证明了其安全性.应用该一次变色龙哈希函数方案,进一步高效实现了对每个区块仅允许至多一次修正的可修正区块链,而任何区块的二次修改都将导致区块链崩溃的惩罚.对区块链进行有效治理是网络空间安全治理的关键领域,而可修正区块链则构成了区块链监管和治理的最核心技术.所提出的可修正区块链方案具有高效和修正权限契合实际需求的两大特点,有望为区块链监管(尤其是链上有害数据的事后治理)提供有力的技术参考.