Enhancement of mechanical strength of TiO2/high-density polyethylene composites for bone repair with silane-coupling treatment

Mechanical properties of composites made up of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and silanated TiO₂ particles for use as a bone-repairing material were investigated in comparison with those of the composites of HDPE with unsilanized TiO₂ particles. The interfacial morphology and interaction between silanated TiO₂ and HDPE were analyzed by means of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The absorption in spectral bands related to the carboxyl bond in the silane-coupling agent, the vinyl group in the HDPE, and the formation of the ether bond was studied in order to assess the influence of the silane-coupling agent. The SEM micrograph showed that the “bridging effect” between HDPE and TiO₂ was brought about by the silane-coupling agent. The use of the silane-coupling agent and the increase of the hot-pressing pressure for shaping the composites facilitated the penetration of polymer into cavities between individual TiO₂ particles, which increased the density of the composite. Therefore, mechanical properties such as bending yield strength and Young's modulus increased from 49 MPa and 7.5 GPa to 65 MPa and 10 GPa, respectively, after the silane-coupling treatment and increase in the hot-pressing pressure.     

通过设计振兴常州梳篦产业

对常州梳篦传统工艺产业的现状进行分析和阐述,提出以产品系统设计理念对常州梳篦产业产品企划、产品造型设计、产品制造工艺设计和产品商品化设计各部分作全面改造的构想.     

Identification of genomic region associated with rice weevil resistance in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]

The rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (L.) is an important pest of stored sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench). Quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with rice weevil resistance was analyzed using a F₁₀ recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross 654 (susceptible) × LTR108 (resistant). Grain weight losses (GWL), flour production (FP), and percentage kernels damaged (PKD) were evaluated across two trails. A total of 21 QTLs for GWL, FP, and PKD were identified. The phenotypic variation explained by individual QTL varied from 4.14% to 15.51%. Both parents contributed resistance alleles. Several main effect QTLs affecting GWL, FP, and PKD were mapped to the same regions on chromosome 2. The identification of genomic regions associated with rice weevil resistance will be useful to understand the resistance mechanism and improve rice weevil resistance of sorghum by marker-aided approaches.     

Using integrated quality function deployment and theory of innovation problem solving approach for ergonomic product design

A multidisciplinary approach integrating method of identification of customer satisfaction needs (CSNs), the House of Quality (HoQ) chart of quality function deployment (QFD), theory of innovation problem solving (TRIZ) and fuzzy group decision-making theory for ergonomic product innovative design and evaluation in the early design stages was proposed. An integrated model and the approach procedures consists of four steps. In step 1, identification of CSNs is based on a data source triangulation approach, questionnaire survey, 5-point liner numeric rating scale, factor analysis, and Cronbach’s coefficient alpha statistic are utilized to guarantee that the CSNs are complete and reliable. In step 2, a correlation matrix is built to identify the critical ergonomic design areas and the key problems are established by analysis of the negative relationships obtained from interrelationship half-matrix at the roof of the HoQ. In step 3, to solve the problems, TRIZ main tools and contradiction analysis are utilized. Several innovative alternatives are generated by combining appropriate Inventive Principles of TRIZ, the critical ergonomic design areas and the ergonomic design principles. In step 4, a general and easy fuzzy group decision-making method for evaluating of the best design alternatives is presented. A case study of the integrated kitchen stove innovative design and evaluation is conducted to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach.     

Insight into biochar properties and its cost analysis

Biochars (BCs) are widely produced and used for the remediation of environmental contaminants as bio-sorbents. In this review, statistical analysis of different BC physico–chemical properties was conducted. It was observed that woody materials are the most suitable for preparing BCs, among many other potential raw materials such as food wastes and agricultural materials. Currently BCs are produced through a variety of thermal treatment processes between 300 and 900 °C, among which slow pyrolysis is widely used due to its moderate operating conditions and optimization of BC yields. Hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) is also an effective approach for BC production under certain conditions. As pyrolysis temperature is increased, the carbon content, ash content, surface area, and pore volume tend to be increased while the yield, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen content, and H/C and O/C molar ratios tend to decrease. The economic feasibility of BCs depends on a range of factors from raw material price to efficient production technologies. Thus, the overall cost equation of a pilot BC production plant together with the cost equation for BC regeneration has been proposed. The future research directions of BCs are also elaborated.     

Effects of high hydrostatic pressure treatment on structural,allergenicity, and functional properties of proteins from ginkgo seeds

The effects of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment on the structural, allergenicity and functional properties of ginkgo seed protein (GSP) were investigated. GSP was treated under pressures of 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 MPa. Western blotting and ELISA assay revealed that HHP treatment at pressure ranges from 300 up to 700 MPa can significantly reduce the allergenicity of GSP. Meanwhile, SDS-PAGE, MALDI-TOF-MS, CD spectra, fluorescence spectra and UV absorption spectra analysis revealed that, after HHP treatment, the GSP disintegrated into proteins with small molecular weights ranging from 4 to 30 kDa; the secondary structures of α-helices and β-sheet were largely destroyed and turned into random coil; and the UV absorption intensity, surface hydrophobicity and sulfhydryl group (SH) content of GSP were significantly increased. Moreover, the HHP-treated GSP showed markedly improved heat stability and emulsifying properties compared to the untreated GSP.Industrial relevanceAs a traditional food and medicine source, the seeds of Ginkgo biloba were used in china for several thousand years. Ginkgo seeds could be added to desserts, glazed fruit, beverages and tipple, also ginkgo seeds, as a traditional Chinese medicinal material, have been recorded in the Compendium of Materia Medical. Research shows that ginkgo seeds have a relatively high content (10%–15%) of proteins, which possess rich and reasonable composition of amino acids, and much higher content of essential amino acids than the recommended FAO/WHO standard, belonging to the high-quality protein. Ginkgo seeds proteins (GSP) have many biological activities, including anti-oxidation, anti-aging, anti-tumor, and anti-bacterial, so it has high value of nutrition and medicine. However, eating GSP could result in allergic reaction to humans, infant, or children are more sensitive to GSP, the clinical symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, bellyache, diarrhea, dysphoria, exanimation, convulsions, dyspnea, and mydriasis, and sometimes even death can occur.In the study, we used the method of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatments, which can significantly improve the functional properties and reduce the antigenicity of GSP. After the HHP treatment, GSP can be transformed into proteins with small molecular weights ranging from 4 to 30 kDa, the antigenicity of GSP can be reduced by more than 95%, and the heat stability and emulsifying properties of GSP can be markedly improved. Thus, this study is very helpful for designing the hypoallergenic and improved functional GSP, which could have a relevant practical application for their use as base ingredients of food.     

基于CC2530的SDHC卡读写设计

提出了将SDHC卡作为CC2530的外部存储设备实现数据存储的方法。SDHC卡具有体积小、存储容量大的特点,通过CC2530组建的无线传感网络适用于工业监测,而将SDHC卡与CC2530相结合,则能够长期连续工作并记录大量数据,可以满足各种长期监测状态场合的需要。     

Current trends in redox polymers for energy and medicine

Polymers with redox properties are electroactive macromolecules containing localized sites or groups that can be oxidized (loss of electrons) and reduced (gain of electrons). This review highlights trends in the chemistry, characterization and application of polymers with redox properties. In the first part, we overview the synthetic advances in the design of innovative redox polymers. Special attention is given to state-of-art techniques for the characterization of redox polymers and their important properties are also explained. The last part is devoted to the redox polymers applied in energy and medicine. First, the main redox polymers investigated in energy technologies such as batteries, supercapacitors, solar cells, biofuel cells or thermoelectric cells are reviewed. Second, the emerging applications of redox polymers in medicine technologies such as drug delivery, biosensors, actuators or smart surfaces are explained in detail.     

Substructure-based model updating using residual flexibility mixed-boundary method

Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology - Substructure method has been widely applied in dynamic analysis of complex structures due to high computational efficiency. On the basis of Residual...