一种改进的蚁群聚类算法

分析了现有蚁群聚类算法的特点与不足,并在此基础上提出了一种改进的蚁群聚类算法。改进算法分别从蚂蚁捡起对象、放下对象的策略、参数α的自适应改变策略及游离对象的处理策略四个不同方面对现有蚁群聚类算法进行改进。仿真实验结果表明,改进算法可以获得更好的聚类效果和时间性能。     

改进的AdaBoost算法与SVM的组合分类器

提出了一种改进的AdaBoost算法与支持向量机组合的分类方法,用来处理多类别分类。采用规则抽样来解决支持向量机分类中正负样本的不平衡性,改进AdaBoost算法,使其在初始化时考虑样本分布稀疏的重要性,有利于稀有类样本的正确划分。实验结果表明,此方法与标准支持向量机分类器相比,泛化性能有一定程度的提高。     

Vague集的模糊熵和距离测度的相互诱导关系

Vague集自提出以来,由于它在各个领域中的广泛应用而引起众多学者的注意,而模糊熵和距离测度是其中的关键技术。目前已有多种Vague集的模糊熵和距离测度的计算方法被提出来,但所有这些研究都没有讨论两者之间的联系。论文基于Vague集的模糊熵和距离测度的公理化定义,给出两者之间的相互诱导关系,建立了模糊熵和距离测度之间的联系。     

基于邻域优化机制的图像显著性目标检测

在显著性目标检测中,背景区域和前景区域区分度不高会导致检测结果不理想。针对这一问题,提出一种基于邻域优化机制的图像显著性目标检测算法。首先对图像进行超像素分割;然后在CIELab颜色空间建立对比图和分布图,并通过一种新的合并方式进行融合;最后在空间距离等约束下,建立邻域更新机制,对初始显著性图进行优化。实验对比表明,该算法显著性目标检测效果更好。     

可动态更新的口令授权多秘密共享方案

秘密共享作为密码学中的一个重要分支,在秘钥托管、安全多方计算、导弹发射等诸多领域有重要作用。现有秘密共享方案大多数都是基于Shamir(t,n)门限方案构造的,其核心思想是秘密分发者通过秘密多项式将秘密s分为n个影子秘密并分发给持有者,其中任意少于t个影子秘密都不能得到主秘密的任何信息,但是传统方案一直没有实现秘密数量动态更新与秘密拥有者口令授权。基于传统的Shamir秘密共享方案和有限域上的模运算,在RSA密码体制的基础上提出了一种可验证的口令授权的多秘密共享方案。在秘密共享过程中,可防止分发者欺骗和恶意参与者攻击,实现秘密数量动态更新与秘密拥有者口令授权,使方案更加具有实用价值。     

Degradation of Anionic Dye Eosin by Glow Discharge Electrolysis Plasma

This paper describes a novel method for the degradation of eosin by using glow discharge electrolysis （GDE）. The effects of various parameters on the removal efficiency were studied. It was found that the eosin degradation could be raised considerably by increasing the applied voltage and the initial concentration, or by decreasing pH of the aqueous solution. Fe^2＋ ion had an evident accelerating effect on the eosin degradation. The degradation process of eosin obeyed a pseudo-first-order reaction. The relationship between the degradation rate constant k and the reaction temperature T could be expressed by Arrhenius equation with which the apparent activation energy Ea of 14.110 kJ· mol^-1 and the pre-exponential factor k0 of 2.065× 10^-1 min^-1 were obtained, too. The determination of hydroxyl radical was carried out by using N, N-dimethyl -p-nitrosoaniline （RNO） as a scavenger. The results showed that the hydroxyl radical plays an important role in the degradation process.     

Genome-Wide Analysis of the Peptidase M24 Superfamily in Triticum aestivum Demonstrates That TaM24-9 Is Involved in Abiotic Stress Response

The peptidase M24 (Metallopeptidase 24, M24) superfamily is essential for plant growth, stress response, and pathogen defense. At present, there are few systematic reports on the identification and classification of members of the peptidase M24 proteins superfamily in wheat. In this work, we identified 53 putative candidate TaM24 genes. According to the protein sequences characteristics, these members can be roughly divided into three subfamilies: I, II, III. Most TaM24 genes are complex with multiple exons, and the motifs are relatively conserved in each sub-group. Through chromosome mapping analysis, we found that the 53 genes were unevenly distributed on 19 wheat chromosomes (except 3A and 3D), of which 68% were in triads. Analysis of gene duplication events showed that 62% of TaM24 genes in wheat came from fragment duplication events, and there were no tandem duplication events to amplify genes. Analysis of the promoter sequences of TaM24 genes revealed that cis-acting elements were rich in response elements to drought, osmotic stress, ABA, and MeJA. We also studied the expression of TaM24 in wheat tissues at developmental stages and abiotic stress. Then we selected TaM24-9 as the target for further analysis. The results showed that TaM24-9 genes strengthened the drought and salt tolerance of plants. Overall, our analysis showed that members of the peptidase M24 genes may participate in the abiotic stress response and provided potential gene resources for improving wheat resistance.     

Measurement of the thermal properties of TiFe0.85Mn0.15 and its hydrides

A high vacuum/high pressure measuring apparatus for the study of equilibrium thermophysical properties, heat transfer parameters and dynamic reaction thermal response of hydrogen storage alloys has been constructed. The absolute thermal conductivity of massive hydridable TiFe_0.85Mn_0.15 alloy has been determined, as well as the effective thermal conductivities of identical particulated material in both unhydrided and hydrided form using the steady-state plate method.The effective conductivity of powders with particle sizes between 0.075 and 0.425 mm is found to be strongly temperature- and pressure-dependent, with values ranging from 0.1 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ in high vacuum of 10⁻³ Pa, to 1.5 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ at high He or H₂ pressures up to 5.5 MPa. Hydriding of the powders does not significantly change the effective conductivity, whereas packing density, contact pressure and particle size does so. Massive TiFe_0.85Mn_0.15 has a surprisingly high absolute thermal conductivity of 77.2 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹, which is temperature independent in the range from 0–150°C.     

The economics of improved charcoal stoves in Kenya

Charcoal for cooking is a major expenditure for urban households in Kenya and improved stoves can reduce fuel costs by at least 25%. The author relates how, although an improved stove is more expensive than a traditional stove, the payback period is short and an improved stove also lasts longer. The benefits to society of a programme to encourage small-scale, informal sector production of charcoal stoves are seen to be large, even after accounting for the administrative costs. Such a programme may also provide limited employment and income gains for producers. The environmental impacts may be significant because of the energy loss in converting wood to charcoal and the fact that charcoal is usually made from felling whole trees.