遗留桩坑对临近复合筒型基础倾斜率的影响

针对某海上风电项目,基于ABAQUS三维数值软件定量分析桩坑与复合筒型基础的距离、桩坑尺寸及深度等参数变化对复合筒型基础结构泥面倾斜率的影响,引入可反映桩坑充盈固结程度的系数γ与切线斜率K。结果表明：随着桩坑尺寸增加,复合筒型基础泥面倾斜率呈非线性增长,且均向桩坑所在方向倾斜;桩坑深度大于复合筒型基础入土深度时,基础倾斜率增长较快;研究表明筒型基础泥面倾斜率对大深度、近距离桩坑内部土体强度尤为敏感,拟通过该文研究为复合筒型基础风电机组安装船舶选型及布置提供理论依据。     

多模态感知驱动下高堆石坝施工仿真参数集成深度学习模型

现有施工仿真参数建模方法主要依靠单一模态数据,且现有多模态数据采集过程存在一定的滞后性,导致仿真的实时性和准确性不足。针对上述问题,本文提出了多模态感知驱动下高堆石坝施工仿真参数集成深度学习模型。首先,在SpringBoot框架下开发了基于移动智能手机传感器的运动学和声学数据实时采集云平台,并采用低通滤波器和梅尔频谱等方法实现堆石坝施工机械多模态数据的实时采集与预处理;其次,提出了用于自动提取多模态数据特征的堆石坝施工机械精细活动状态识别深度学习模型。该模型集成了改进深度卷积长短期记忆循环神经网络(Improved DeepConvLSTM,IDeepConvLSTM)与深度卷积神经网络的优势,前者可精确感知施工机械运动方向,后者可从声音模态中感知施工机械振动状态。其中,IDeepConvLSTM在卷积层中间加入批量归一化层以提高收敛速度,并采用梯度缩放和剪裁以避免梯度爆炸的问题;进一步地,在云平台中采用大窗口移动过滤器在线处理机械活动识别结果,实现堆石坝施工仿真参数的实时建模。工程案例表明,相比于单一的运动学或声学模态的机械活动识别方法,本研究所提方法的识别精度分别提高了9.22%和23.62%。研究成果为提高堆石坝施工仿真的准确性和实时性提供了新的思路和技术手段,具有一定的应用和推广价值。     

基于EEMD-AR模型的丹江口水库年径流随机模拟与预报

基于水库历史年入库径流序列组分分析和识别,采用线性趋势回归检验法、有序聚类法、方差线谱法等方法,推求出序列趋势项、跳跃项及周期项等确定性成分,提出基于集合经验模态分解法(EEMD方法)的水库年径流自回归随机模拟模型(EEMD-AR),并应用于丹江口水库的年径流随机模拟和预报中。通过EEMD分解,解决了当丹江口水库历史年径流序列为非平稳序列时不能直接应用自回归模型(AR)进行随机模拟和预报的问题。模拟结果表明,EEMD-AR模型能较好地模拟丹江口水库年径流序列并保持原历史序列的统计特性,且模型预报精度符合要求。     

基于三维地质模型的坝基灌浆工程可视化分析

利用 Struts 和 Hibernate 技术，对灌浆数据进行采集和整理，在灌浆分析系统中将这些灌浆数据转化为三维灌浆孔模型，实现三维地质模型和灌浆数据耦合；在耦合模型的基础上对灌浆效果进行可视化分析：对任意排灌浆孔模型进行三维地质模型剖切，揭示每排灌浆孔模型的不良地质体垂直分布情况；通过改变单位注灰量较大灌浆孔模型的颜色属性，耦合其对应的三维地质模型，从而实现单位注灰量在地质模型中的可视化分析；在灌浆参数基础上自动生成其对应的综合剖面，将地质条件耦合到剖面中，赋予综合剖面图地质信息属性；通过对任意灌浆孔段进行地质信息数字化，明确每个灌浆孔段是否通过不良地质体以及各个不良地质体的高程分布；以施工单元为基准，对单位注灰量和地质信息进行耦合统计分析。通过工程应用实例表明，基于三维地质模型对整个坝基灌浆工程的可视化分析，可以有效指导灌浆工作并能对灌浆效果做到及时、有效的反馈分析，为工程管理人员做出快速的决策提供可靠的依据，从而提高工作效率和工作水平。     

The effect of Zr on the microstructure and tensile properties of hot-extruded Al–Mg2Si composite

This work was carried out to investigate the effect of different amounts of Zr on the microstructure and tensile properties of homogenized and hot extruded Al-15% Mg₂Si composite using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that Zr addition has no significant effect on the morphology of both primary and eutectic Mg₂Si phase in as-cast condition. But, applying homogenizing and extrusion processes changed the morphology of Mg₂Si phases from irregular to a more spherical shape. Further results demonstrated that the average size of primary Mg₂Si decreases with the addition of Zr up to 0.1% from 56 μm to 24 μm in hot-extruded condition. As the mount of Zr increased up to 0.1 wt.%, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation values were also increased from 160 MPa and 3.2% to 292 MPa and 9.5%, respectively. Fracture surface examinations revealed a transition from brittle fracture mode in as-cast composite to ductile fracture in hot-extruded Zr-modified specimens. This can be attributed to the changes in size and morphology of Mg₂Si intermetallic and porosity content.     

Effect of roughness on the shear behavior of rock joints subjected to impact loading

The shear behavior is regarded as the dominant property of rock joints and is dramatically affected by the joint surface roughness. To date, the effect of surface roughness on the shear behavior of rock joints under static or cyclic loading conditions has been extensively studied, but such effect under impact loading conditions keeps unclear. To address this issue, a series of impact shear tests was performed using a novel-designed dynamic experimental system combined with the digital image correlation (DIC) technique. The dynamic shear strength, deformability and failure mode of the jointed specimens with various joint roughness coefficients (JRC) are comprehensively analyzed. Results show that the shear strength and shear displacement characteristics of the rock joint under the impact loading keep consistent with those under static loading conditions. However, the temporal variations of shear stress, slip displacement and normal displacement under the impact loading conditions show obviously different behaviors. An elastic rebound of the slip displacement occurs during the impact shearing and its value increases with increasing joint roughness. Two identifiable stages (i.e. compression and dilation) are observed in the normal displacement curves for the rougher rock joints, whereas the joints with small roughness only manifest normal compression displacement. Besides, as the roughness increases, the maximum compression tends to decrease, while the maximum dilation gradually increases. Moreover, the microstructural analysis based on scanning electron microscope (SEM) suggests that the roughness significantly affects the characteristics of the shear fractured zone enclosing the joint surface.     

复合加载模式下不排水饱和软黏土中宽浅式筒型 基础地基承载力包络线研究

作为高耸结构物,海上风机受到巨大的水平荷载作用。宽浅式筒型基础是为适应中国近海荷载特点而研发的一种新型海上风机基础形式,经典的地基承载力计算公式无法精确地计算复合加载模式下宽浅式筒型基础地基的极限承载力。通过数值计算研究了不排水饱和软黏土中宽浅式筒型基础在V-H、V-M、H-M和V-H-M加载模式下的地基承载力包络线,并提出了V-H和V-M加载模式下的地基承载力包络线的表达式。研究结果表明V-H和V-M加载模式下宽浅式筒型基础地基承载力包络线具有对称性,而H-M加载模式下呈非对称性,其非对称性随着基础深宽比增大而更加显著;V-H-M加载模式下地基承载力包络线的形状受竖向荷载V的影响,表现为包络线关于M轴的非对称性随着竖向荷载的增大而减弱。可根据海上风机的实际受力状态与该破坏包络线之间的相对关系,评价实际受荷状态下筒型基础的稳定性。     

Assessing the deformation response of double-track overlapped tunnels using numerical simulation and field monitoring

The unprecedented rate of metro construction has led to a highly complex network of metro lines. Tunnels are being overlapped to an ever-increasing degree. This paper investigates the deformation response of double-track overlapped tunnels in Tianjin, China using finite element analysis (FEA) and field monitoring, considering the attributes of different tunneling forms. With respect to the upper tunneling, the results of the FEA and field monitoring showed that the maximum vertical displacements of the ground surface during the tail passage were 2.06 mm, 2.25 mm and 2.39 mm obtained by the FEA, field monitoring and Peck calculation, respectively; the heaves on the vertical displacement curve were observed at 8 m (1.25D, where D is the diameter of the tunnel) away from the center of the tunnel and the curve at both sides was asymmetrical. Furthermore, the crown and bottom produce approximately 0.38 mm and 1.26 mm of contraction, respectively. The results of the FEA of the upper and lower sections demonstrated that the tunneling form has an obvious influence on the deformation response of the double-track overlapped tunnel. Compared with the upper tunneling, the lower tunneling exerted significantly less influence on the deformation response, which manifested as a smaller displacement of the strata and deformation of the existing tunnel. The results of this study on overlapped tunnels can provide a reference for similar projects in the future.